---

KES is a cloud-native distributed key management and encryption server designed to secure modern applications at scale.

• What is KES?
• Installation
• Quick Start
• Documentation

What is KES?

KES is a distributed key management server that scales horizontally. It can either be run as edge server close to the applications reducing latency to and load on a central key management system (KMS) or as central key management service. KES nodes are self-contained stateless instances that can be scaled up and down automatically.

Install

The KES server and CLI is available as a single binary, container image or can be build from source.

Homebrew

brew install minio/stable/kes

Docker

Pull the latest release via:

docker pull minio/kes

Binary Releases

OS	ARCH	Binary
linux	amd64	linux-amd64
linux	arm64	linux-arm64
darwin	arm64	darwin-arm64
windows	amd64	windows-amd64

Download the binary via curl but replace <OS> and <ARCH> with your operating system and CPU architecture.

curl -sSL --tlsv1.2 'https://github.com/minio/kes/releases/latest/download/kes-<OS>-<ARCH>' -o ./kes

chmod +x ./kes

You can also verify the binary with minisign by downloading the corresponding .minisig signature file. Run:

curl -sSL --tlsv1.2 'https://github.com/minio/kes/releases/latest/download/kes-<OS>-<ARCH>.minisig' -o ./kes.minisig

minisign -Vm ./kes -P RWTx5Zr1tiHQLwG9keckT0c45M3AGeHD6IvimQHpyRywVWGbP1aVSGav

Build from source

Download and install the binary via your Go toolchain:

go install github.com/minio/kes/cmd/kes@latest

Quick Start

We run a public KES instance at https://play.min.io:7373 as playground. You can interact with our play instance either via the KES CLI or cURL. Alternatively, you can get started by setting up your own KES server in less than five minutes.

First steps

1. Configure CLI

Point the KES CLI to the KES server at https://play.min.io:7373 and use the following API key:

export KES_SERVER=https://play.min.io:7373
export KES_API_KEY=kes:v1:AD9E7FSYWrMD+VjhI6q545cYT9YOyFxZb7UnjEepYDRc

3. Create a Key

Create a new root encryption key - e.g. my-key.

kes key create my-key

Note that creating a new key will fail with key already exist if it already exist.

4. Generate a DEK

Derive a new data encryption keys (DEK).

kes key dek my-key

The plaintext part of the DEK would be used by an application to encrypt some data. The ciphertext part of the DEK would be stored alongside the encrypted data for future decryption.

Docs

If you want to learn more about KES checkout our documentation.

• Integration Guides
• Command Line
• Server API
• Go SDK

Monitoring

KES servers provide an API endpoint /v1/metrics that observability tools, like Prometheus, can scrape.
Refer to the monitoring documentation for how to setup and capture KES metrics.

For a graphical Grafana dashboard refer to the following example.

FAQs

I have received an insufficient permissions error

This means that you are using a KES identity that is not allowed to perform a specific operation, like creating or listing keys.

The KES admin identity can perform any general purpose API operation. You should never experience a not authorized: insufficient permissions error when performing general purpose API operations using the admin identity.

In addition to the admin identity, KES supports a policy-based access control model. You will receive a not authorized: insufficient permissions error in the following two cases:

1. You are using a KES identity that is not assigned to any policy. KES rejects requests issued by unknown identities.

   This can be fixed by assigning a policy to the identity. Checkout the examples.

2. You are using a KES identity that is assigned to a policy but the policy either not allows or even denies the API call.

   In this case, you have to grant the API permission in the policy assigned to the identity. Checkout the list of APIs. For example, when you want to create a key you should allow the /v1/key/create/<key-name>. The <key-name> can either be a specific key name, like my-key-1 or a pattern allowing arbitrary key names, like my-key*.

   Also note that deny rules take precedence over allow rules. Hence, you have to make sure that any deny pattern does not accidentally matches your API request.

---

License

Use of KES is governed by the AGPLv3 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.