Python: Bump pyarrow from 15.0.2 to 16.1.0 in /python (#6290)

Bumps [pyarrow](https://github.com/apache/arrow) from 15.0.2 to 16.1.0.
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/7dd1d34074af176d9e861a360e135ae57b21cf96"><code>7dd1d34</code></a>
MINOR: [Release] Update versions for 16.1.0</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/ca3e9d1b6fbf9a1e2d2fe34a387041132ecddd3e"><code>ca3e9d1</code></a>
MINOR: [Release] Update .deb/.rpm changelogs for 16.1.0</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/63a42871f206edf9889f1617eac29b11514df316"><code>63a4287</code></a>
MINOR: [Release] Update CHANGELOG.md for 16.1.0</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/58742877144a4f728c99682cae52898ccab5f954"><code>5874287</code></a>
<a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41594">GH-41594</a>:
[Go] Support reading <code>date64</code> type &amp; properly validate
list-like ty...</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/81940c69e6843c22c2fa61ad05c668c3241b3016"><code>81940c6</code></a>
<a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41431">GH-41431</a>:
[C++][Parquet][Dataset] Fix repeated scan on encrypted dataset (<a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41">#41</a>...</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/be62f6c5717d960282c70f6150725b306919a672"><code>be62f6c</code></a>
<a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41577">GH-41577</a>:
[Java][Packaging] Add org.apache.arrow.memory.core to
--add-opens=j...</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/6cfebb947e9c91b3a823e5dc7a1672d1b0a0141e"><code>6cfebb9</code></a>
<a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41562">GH-41562</a>:
[C++][Parquet] Decoding: Fix num_value handling in
ByteStreamSplitD...</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/dcfeceb93f29b343cedbee4a2f93cbdbc4eed8e7"><code>dcfeceb</code></a>
<a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41140">GH-41140</a>:
[C#] Account for offset and length in union arrays (<a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41165">#41165</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/b28633cfe5263ac977598f058b53d76f95d3d1fc"><code>b28633c</code></a>
MINOR: [Release] Manually commit fix to avoid cherry-pick conflict for
changi...</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/commit/ac8af222dd2e5800e2c6cbf45a5bdbb2309deed4"><code>ac8af22</code></a>
<a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41566">GH-41566</a>:
[CI][Packaging] macOS wheel for Catalina fails to build on macOS
ar...</li>
<li>Additional commits viewable in <a
href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/compare/go/v15.0.2...go/v16.1.0">compare
view</a></li>
</ul>
</details>
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Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Evan Mattson <[email protected]>

python/pyproject.toml

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ azure-core = { version = "^1.28.0", optional = true}
 azure-identity = { version = "^1.13.0", optional = true}
 azure-cosmos = { version = "^4.7.0", optional = true}
 usearch = { version = "^2.9", optional = true}
-pyarrow = { version = ">=12.0.1,<16.0.0", optional = true}
+pyarrow = { version = ">=12.0.1,<17.0.0", optional = true}
 
 # Groups are for development only (installed through Poetry)
 [tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ azure-core = "^1.28.0"
 azure-identity = "^1.13.0"
 azure-cosmos = "^4.7.0"
 usearch = "^2.9"
-pyarrow = ">=12.0.1,<16.0.0"
+pyarrow = ">=12.0.1,<17.0.0"
 msgraph-sdk = "^1.2.0"
 
 # Extras are exposed to pip, this allows a user to easily add the right dependencies to their environment