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# 实验三:过程建模 | ||
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## 一、实验目标 | ||
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1. 理解过程建模概念 | ||
2. 掌握过程建模方法 | ||
2. 掌握UML活动图的画法 | ||
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## 二、实验内容 | ||
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1. 根据实验二用例规约画活动图 | ||
2. 修改用例规约 | ||
3. 编写实验报告 | ||
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## 三、实验步骤 | ||
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1. 在StartUML上创建活动图; | ||
2. 用Initial和Final表示开头与结尾 | ||
3. 结合用例规约添加Action和Decision | ||
4. 使用Control Flow把各个部分连接起来 | ||
5. 调整活动图至整齐 | ||
6. 撰写实验报告 | ||
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## 四、实验结果 | ||
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![下订单的活动图](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/HxKillua/uml-modeling-2020/master/students/1714080901120/Lab3_ActivityDiagram1.jpg) | ||
图1.下订单的活动图 | ||
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![确认订单的活动图](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/HxKillua/uml-modeling-2020/master/students/1714080901120/Lab3_ActivityDiagram2.jpg) | ||
图2.确认订单的活动图 |
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# 实验四、五:类建模 | ||
## 一、实验目标 | ||
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1. 掌握类建模方法 | ||
2. 了解MVC设计模式 | ||
3. 掌握类图的画法 | ||
4. 理解类的关系 | ||
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## 二、实验内容 | ||
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1. 学习类图概念 | ||
2. 了解类与类之间的基本关系 | ||
3. 根据用例规约进行类建模 | ||
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## 三、实验步骤 | ||
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1. 观看老师所发视频,了解MVC模式 | ||
2. 百度查询资料,加深对六种基本关系的理解: | ||
- 泛化 (Generalization) | ||
【泛化关系】:是一种继承关系,表示一般与特殊的关系,它指定了子类如何特化父类的所有特征和行为。 | ||
【箭头指向】:带三角箭头的实线,箭头指向父类。 | ||
- 实现 (Realization) | ||
【箭头指向】带三角箭头的虚线,箭头指向接口。 | ||
- 关联 (Association) | ||
【关联关系】:是一种拥有的关系,它使一个类知道另一个类的属性和方法。 | ||
【箭头及指向】:带普通箭头的实心线,指向被拥有者。 | ||
- 聚合(Aggregation) | ||
【聚合关系】:是整体与部分的关系,且部分可以离开整体而单独存在。 | ||
【箭头及指向】:带空心菱形的实心线,菱形指向整体。 | ||
- 组合(Composition) | ||
【组合关系】:是整体与部分的关系,但部分不能离开整体而单独存在。 | ||
【箭头及指向】:带实心菱形的实线,菱形指向整体。 | ||
- 依赖(Dependency) | ||
【依赖关系】:是一种使用的关系,即一个类的实现需要另一个类的协助,所以要尽量不使用双向的互相依赖。 | ||
【箭头及指向】:带箭头的虚线,指向被使用者。 | ||
2. 回顾实验二所作用例规约,思考如何下手进行类建模。 | ||
3. 使用StarUML绘制类建模用例图。 | ||
4. 根据用例规约画出各个类并根据类之间的关系用对应的线连起来。 | ||
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## 四、实验结果 | ||
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![下订单的类图](./Lab4_ClassDiagram1.jpg) | ||
图1:下订单的类图 | ||
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![确认订单的类图](./Lab4_ClassDiagram2.jpg) | ||
图2:确认订单的类图 |