Support Consumers Set Custom Retry Delay (apache#6449)

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Master Issue: apache#6448

### Motivation


For many online business systems, various exceptions usually occur in business logic processing, so the message needs to be re-consumed, but users hope that this delay time can be controlled flexibly. The current user's processing method is usually to send this message to a special retry topic, because production can specify any delay, so consumers subscribe the business topic and retry topic at the same time. I think this logic can be supported by pulsar itself, making it easier for users to use, and it looks like this is a very common requirement.

### Modifications

This change can be supported on the client side,  need to add a set of interfaces to org.apache.pulsar.client.api.Consumer
```java
void reconsumeLater(Message<?> message, long delayTime, TimeUnit unit) throws PulsarClientException;
CompletableFuture<Void> reconsumeLaterAsync(Message<?> message, long delayTime, TimeUnit unit);
CompletableFuture<Void> reconsumeLaterAsync(Messages<?> messages, int delayLevel);
```
DeadLetterPolicy add retry topic
```java
public class DeadLetterPolicy {

    /**
     * Maximum number of times that a message will be redelivered before being sent to the dead letter queue.
     */
    private int maxRedeliverCount;

    /**
     * Name of the retry topic where the failing messages will be sent.
     */
    private String retryLetterTopic;

    /**
     * Name of the dead topic where the failing messages will be sent.
     */
    private String deadLetterTopic;

}

```
org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.ConsumerImpl add a retry producer
```java
  private volatile Producer<T> deadLetterProducer;

  private volatile Producer<T> retryLetterProducer;
```
Can specify whether to enable retry when creating a consumer，default unenable
```java
    @OverRide
    public ConsumerBuilder<T> enableRetry(boolean retryEnable) {
        conf.setRetryEnable(retryEnable);
        return this;
    }
```

pulsar-broker/src/test/java/org/apache/pulsar/client/api/RetryTopicTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.pulsar.client.api;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
+import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import static org.testng.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.testng.Assert.assertNotNull;
+
+public class RetryTopicTest extends ProducerConsumerBase {
+
+    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RetryTopicTest.class);
+
+    @BeforeMethod
+    @Override
+    protected void setup() throws Exception {
+        super.internalSetup();
+        super.producerBaseSetup();
+    }
+
+    @AfterMethod
+    @Override
+    protected void cleanup() throws Exception {
+        super.internalCleanup();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRetryTopic() throws Exception {
+        final String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/retry-topic";
+
+        final int maxRedeliveryCount = 2;
+
+        final int sendMessages = 100;
+
+        Consumer<byte[]> consumer = pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic)
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscriptionType(SubscriptionType.Shared)
+                .enableRetry(true)
+                .deadLetterPolicy(DeadLetterPolicy.builder().maxRedeliverCount(maxRedeliveryCount).build())
+                .receiverQueueSize(100)
+                .subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
+                .subscribe();
+
+        PulsarClient newPulsarClient = newPulsarClient(lookupUrl.toString(), 0);// Creates new client connection
+        Consumer<byte[]> deadLetterConsumer = newPulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic("persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-subscription-DLQ")
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
+                .subscribe();
+
+        Producer<byte[]> producer = pulsarClient.newProducer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic)
+                .create();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < sendMessages; i++) {
+            producer.send(String.format("Hello Pulsar [%d]", i).getBytes());
+        }
+
+        producer.close();
+
+        int totalReceived = 0;
+        do {
+            Message<byte[]> message = consumer.receive();
+            log.info("consumer received message : {} {}", message.getMessageId(), new String(message.getData()));
+            consumer.reconsumeLater(message, 1 , TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            totalReceived++;
+        } while (totalReceived < sendMessages * (maxRedeliveryCount + 1));
+
+        int totalInDeadLetter = 0;
+        do {
+            Message message = deadLetterConsumer.receive();
+            log.info("dead letter consumer received message : {} {}", message.getMessageId(), new String(message.getData()));
+            deadLetterConsumer.acknowledge(message);
+            totalInDeadLetter++;
+        } while (totalInDeadLetter < sendMessages);
+
+        deadLetterConsumer.close();
+        consumer.close();
+
+        Consumer<byte[]> checkConsumer = this.pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic)
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscriptionType(SubscriptionType.Shared)
+                .subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
+                .subscribe();
+
+        Message<byte[]> checkMessage = checkConsumer.receive(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        if (checkMessage != null) {
+            log.info("check consumer received message : {} {}", checkMessage.getMessageId(), new String(checkMessage.getData()));
+        }
+        assertNull(checkMessage);
+
+        checkConsumer.close();
+        newPulsarClient.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The test is disabled {@link https://github.com/apache/pulsar/issues/2647}.
+     * @throws Exception
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testRetryTopicWithMultiTopic() throws Exception {
+        final String topic1 = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/retry-topic-1";
+        final String topic2 = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/retry-topic-2";
+
+        final int maxRedeliveryCount = 2;
+
+        int sendMessages = 100;
+
+        // subscribe to the original topics before publish
+        Consumer<byte[]> consumer = pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic1, topic2)
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscriptionType(SubscriptionType.Shared)
+                .enableRetry(true)
+                .deadLetterPolicy(DeadLetterPolicy.builder().maxRedeliverCount(maxRedeliveryCount).build())
+                .receiverQueueSize(100)
+                .subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
+                .subscribe();
+
+        // subscribe to the DLQ topics before consuming original topics
+        Consumer<byte[]> deadLetterConsumer = pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic("persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-subscription-DLQ")
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
+                .subscribe();
+
+        Producer<byte[]> producer1 = pulsarClient.newProducer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic1)
+                .create();
+
+        Producer<byte[]> producer2 = pulsarClient.newProducer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic2)
+                .create();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < sendMessages; i++) {
+            producer1.send(String.format("Hello Pulsar [%d]", i).getBytes());
+            producer2.send(String.format("Hello Pulsar [%d]", i).getBytes());
+        }
+
+        sendMessages = sendMessages * 2;
+
+        producer1.close();
+        producer2.close();
+
+        int totalReceived = 0;
+        do {
+            Message<byte[]> message = consumer.receive();
+            log.info("consumer received message : {} {} - total = {}",
+                message.getMessageId(), new String(message.getData()), ++totalReceived);
+        } while (totalReceived < sendMessages * (maxRedeliveryCount + 1));
+
+        int totalInDeadLetter = 0;
+        do {
+            Message message = deadLetterConsumer.receive();
+            log.info("dead letter consumer received message : {} {}", message.getMessageId(), new String(message.getData()));
+            deadLetterConsumer.acknowledge(message);
+            totalInDeadLetter++;
+        } while (totalInDeadLetter < sendMessages);
+
+        deadLetterConsumer.close();
+        consumer.close();
+
+        Consumer<byte[]> checkConsumer = pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic1, topic2)
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscriptionType(SubscriptionType.Shared)
+                .subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
+                .subscribe();
+
+        Message<byte[]> checkMessage = checkConsumer.receive(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        if (checkMessage != null) {
+            log.info("check consumer received message : {} {}", checkMessage.getMessageId(), new String(checkMessage.getData()));
+        }
+        assertNull(checkMessage);
+
+        checkConsumer.close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRetryTopicByCustomTopicName() throws Exception {
+        final String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/retry-topic";
+        final int maxRedeliveryCount = 2;
+        final int sendMessages = 100;
+
+        // subscribe before publish
+        Consumer<byte[]> consumer = pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic)
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscriptionType(SubscriptionType.Shared)
+                .enableRetry(true)
+                .receiverQueueSize(100)
+                .deadLetterPolicy(DeadLetterPolicy.builder()
+                        .maxRedeliverCount(maxRedeliveryCount)
+                        .retryLetterTopic("persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-subscription-custom-Retry")
+                        .build())
+                .subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
+                .subscribe();
+        PulsarClient newPulsarClient = newPulsarClient(lookupUrl.toString(), 0);// Creates new client connection
+        Consumer<byte[]> deadLetterConsumer = newPulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic("persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-subscription-DLQ")
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscribe();
+
+        Producer<byte[]> producer = pulsarClient.newProducer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic)
+                .create();
+        for (int i = 0; i < sendMessages; i++) {
+            producer.send(String.format("Hello Pulsar [%d]", i).getBytes());
+        }
+        producer.close();
+
+        int totalReceived = 0;
+        do {
+            Message<byte[]> message = consumer.receive();
+            log.info("consumer received message : {} {}", message.getMessageId(), new String(message.getData()));
+            consumer.reconsumeLater(message, 1 , TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            totalReceived++;
+        } while (totalReceived < sendMessages * (maxRedeliveryCount + 1));
+        int totalInDeadLetter = 0;
+        do {
+            Message message = deadLetterConsumer.receive();
+            log.info("dead letter consumer received message : {} {}", message.getMessageId(), new String(message.getData()));
+            deadLetterConsumer.acknowledge(message);
+            totalInDeadLetter++;
+        } while (totalInDeadLetter < sendMessages);
+        deadLetterConsumer.close();
+        consumer.close();
+        PulsarClient newPulsarClient1 = newPulsarClient(lookupUrl.toString(), 0);// Creates new client connection
+        Consumer<byte[]> checkConsumer = newPulsarClient1.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES)
+                .topic(topic)
+                .subscriptionName("my-subscription")
+                .subscriptionType(SubscriptionType.Shared)
+                .subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
+                .subscribe();
+        Message<byte[]> checkMessage = checkConsumer.receive(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        if (checkMessage != null) {
+            log.info("check consumer received message : {} {}", checkMessage.getMessageId(), new String(checkMessage.getData()));
+        }
+        assertNull(checkMessage);
+        newPulsarClient.close();
+        newPulsarClient1.close();
+        checkConsumer.close();
+    }
+
+}