Add a section on enabled jinja extensions

[depoll]

Proposed change

I have a few PRs in the works (e.g. 1 already accepted) that turn on some language extensions for Jinja. This adds a section to the templating documentation where these extensions can be listed.

Type of change

• Spelling, grammar or other readability improvements (current branch).
• Adjusted missing or incorrect information in the current documentation (current branch).
• Added documentation for a new integration I'm adding to Home Assistant (next branch).
  • I've opened up a PR to add logo's and icons in Brands repository.
• Added documentation for a new feature I'm adding to Home Assistant (next branch).
• Removed stale or deprecated documentation.

Additional information

• Link to parent pull request in the codebase: Enable jinja loop controls (break/continue) core#88625
• Link to parent pull request in the Brands repository:
• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes #

Checklist

• This PR uses the correct branch, based on one of the following:
  • I made a change to the existing documentation and used the current branch.
  • I made a change that is related to an upcoming version of Home Assistant and used the next branch.
• The documentation follows the Home Assistant documentation standards.

[frenck]

Thanks, @depoll 👍

../Frenck