Add zha typing [api] (3)

[cdce8p]

Proposed change

Continue typing zha/api.py.
Followup to #68335 (review)

• Add string validation for IEEE fields. EUI64.convert can return EUI64 | None.
  https://github.com/zigpy/zigpy/blob/0.43.0/zigpy/types/named.py#L28-L34
• Add string validation fro convert_install_code and qr_to_install_code. Both functions just assume a string is passed as input.
• Removed default=None for vol.Optional(ATTR_IEEE). Both the websocket endpoint and the permit service use .get(ATTR_IEEE) to access the attribute. In all other cases, the IEEE values are required.
• Add missing annotations for warning_device_warn service data.

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New integration (thank you!)
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• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

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[probot-home-assistant]

Hey there @dmulcahey, @Adminiuga, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (zha) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!
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