Refactor Certificate Expiry Sensor

[jjlawren]

Breaking change

The name configuration option has been deprecated and is no longer used by the integration. An improved default entity & display naming scheme is provided. Name and entity_id overrides should be handled via the frontend.

Configurations using name will marked broken with the 0.109 release.

Proposed change

Based on feedback received in #32001, I've taken a different approach on fixing cert_expiry which has led to several changes:

• Uses richer exceptions available in ssl starting with Python 3.7 and passes along new human-readable errors.
• Allows adding currently failing domains via config flow
• Retries temporary errors on startup to handle race conditions (e.g., checking HA's own cert)
• Delays YAML imports until after HA is fully started (since imports do not retry)
• Deprecates "name" configuration option and uses a descriptive default (non-breaking)
• Gives entity names better defaults (sensor.cert_expiry_google_com instead of sensor.ssl_certificate_expiry or sensor.google)
• Names config entries with domain instead of default of "SSL Certificate Expiry"

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New integration (thank you!)
• New feature (which adds functionality to an existing integration)
• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

Example entry for configuration.yaml:

# Example configuration.yaml
sensor:
  - platform: cert_expiry
    host: google.com

Additional information

• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes Certificate Expiry sensor comes up as 'Unavailable' on every restart #31964
• This PR is related to issue:
• Link to documentation pull request: Update cert_expiry for #32066 home-assistant.io#12178

Checklist

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Local tests pass. Your PR cannot be merged unless tests pass
• There is no commented out code in this PR.
• I have followed the development checklist
• The code has been formatted using Black (black --fast homeassistant tests)
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works.

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated for www.home-assistant.io

If the code communicates with devices, web services, or third-party tools:

• The manifest file has all fields filled out correctly.
  Updated and included derived files by running: python3 -m script.hassfest.
• New or updated dependencies have been added to requirements_all.txt.
  Updated by running python3 -m script.gen_requirements_all.
• Untested files have been added to .coveragerc.

The integration reached or maintains the following Integration Quality Scale:

• No score or internal
• 🥈 Silver
• 🥇 Gold
• 🏆 Platinum

[probot-home-assistant]

Hey there @cereal2nd, mind taking a look at this pull request as its been labeled with a integration (cert_expiry) you are listed as a codeowner for? Thanks!

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #32066 into dev will increase coverage by 0.01%.
The diff coverage is 100%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              dev   #32066      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   94.74%   94.76%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         768      777       +9     
  Lines       55639    56249     +610     
==========================================
+ Hits        52714    53302     +588     
- Misses       2925     2947      +22

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
homeassistant/components/cert_expiry/errors.py	100% <100%> (ø)
homeassistant/components/cert_expiry/sensor.py	100% <100%> (ø)
...omeassistant/components/cert_expiry/config_flow.py	100% <100%> (+1.63%)	⬆️
homeassistant/helpers/debounce.py	91.07% <0%> (-3.81%)	⬇️
homeassistant/helpers/storage.py	91.81% <0%> (-3.42%)	⬇️
...meassistant/components/websocket_api/connection.py	94.44% <0%> (-2.78%)	⬇️
...istant/components/google_assistant/report_state.py	83.33% <0%> (-1.67%)	⬇️
homeassistant/components/hue/bridge.py	70.68% <0%> (-1.39%)	⬇️
homeassistant/components/alexa/state_report.py	83.63% <0%> (-0.63%)	⬇️
homeassistant/components/tplink/light.py	95.97% <0%> (-0.58%)	⬇️
... and 63 more

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[MartinHjelmare]

Looks good!

[MartinHjelmare]

Please write a breaking change paragraph about the name config item deprecation.

[MartinHjelmare]

Should we merge?