Add support for recording history to Apache Kafka

[bachya]

Description:

This PR adds support for recording history to an Apache Kafka topic.

Related issue (if applicable): home-assistant/home-assistant.io#9836

Pull request with documentation for home-assistant.io (if applicable): home-assistant/home-assistant.io#<home-assistant.io PR number goes here>

Example entry for configuration.yaml (if applicable):

apache_kafka:
  ip_address: localhost
  port: 9092
  topic: home_assistant_1

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Local tests pass with tox. Your PR cannot be merged unless tests pass
• There is no commented out code in this PR.
• I have followed the development checklist

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in home-assistant.io

If the code communicates with devices, web services, or third-party tools:

• The manifest file has all fields filled out correctly. Update and include derived files by running python3 -m script.hassfest.
• New or updated dependencies have been added to requirements_all.txt by running python3 -m script.gen_requirements_all.
• Untested files have been added to .coveragerc.

[MartinHjelmare]

Looks good!