Commands for pushing updates

• From the directory, open a terminal and run the following commands:

git add --all

git commit -m "commit message, a description explaining why a particular change was made"

git push origin [branch]

for example, if you want to push to the master branch:

git push origin master

Useful commands

• Clone the online repository to the current directory

git clone [url]

• Pull changes from a branch

git pull origin [branch]

• To see all the changes, or to see on which branch your are

git status

• To change to a different (must commit all changes before switching to a different branch):

git checkout [branch] 

• Amendding: To edit your last commit. This way you can add more files to the stage area, or edit stagged files, or edit commit message.

git commit --amend -m "message"
git commit --amend --no-edit

Undo

• Make HEAD point to previous commit, staging area will have the changes you did in last commit as staged files:

git reset --soft HEAD~

• Make HEAD point to previous commit, make staging area = HEAD, make directory = staging area :

git reset --hard HEAD~

• HEAD~ means parent of HEAD. HEAD points to current branch. If you have staged files in the staging area, HEAD doesnt have them. The staging area is the future state of the HEAD.

• Instead of HEAD~, you can write the ID of the commit you want to go back to. Example

git reset --hard 311b0105b63e09d575934679aa17a17c09fff9af

• To show history of commits on a branch:

git log