[MAINTENANCE] Add Metric and Domain base classes

[NathanFarmer]

This PR adds new Metric and Domain base classes for defining and instantiating metrics.

Example metric definition:

class Between(Metric[ColumnMap]):
    min_value: Optional[Comparable] = None
    max_value: Optional[Comparable] = None
    strict_min: bool = False
    strict_max: bool = False

Example metric instantiation:

Between(
    ColumnMap(
        batch_id=...,
        table=...,
        column=...,
    ),
    min_value=...,
    max_value=...,
)

---

• Description of PR changes above includes a link to an existing GitHub issue
• PR title is prefixed with one of: [BUGFIX], [FEATURE], [DOCS], [MAINTENANCE], [CONTRIB]
• Code is linted - run invoke lint (uses ruff format + ruff check)
• Appropriate tests and docs have been updated

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 98.41270% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 80.80%. Comparing base (5c60408) to head (daf7f0c).

✅ All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
great_expectations/metrics/metric.py	97.29%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop   #10920      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    80.77%   80.80%   +0.02%     
===========================================
  Files          465      469       +4     
  Lines        40620    40683      +63     
===========================================
+ Hits         32812    32874      +62     
- Misses        7808     7809       +1     

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3.12 snowflake	51.22% <71.42%> (+0.03%)	⬆️
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3.9	70.14% <98.41%> (+0.02%)	⬆️
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docs-spark	52.34% <0.00%> (-0.09%)	⬇️

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