Kubernetes: Handle GOAWAY requests

lib/kube/proxy/forwarder.go

@@ -720,8 +720,23 @@ func (f *Forwarder) writeResponseErrorToBody(rw http.ResponseWriter, respErr err
 	http.Error(rw, respErr.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
 }
 
-// formatStatusResponseError formats the error response into a kube Status object.
+// formatForwardResponseError handles errors returned from requests to the Kubernetes API.
+// Any errors produced as a result of a GOAWAY request are forwarded to users as [http.StatusTooManyRequests]
+// with a Retry-After header set to inform clients that they should retry the request. All
+// other errors are formatted as a [metav1.Status] and written to the [http.ResponseWriter].
 func (f *Forwarder) formatStatusResponseError(rw http.ResponseWriter, respErr error) {
+	// This detects failed requests that were terminated by the server due to GOAWAY. There
+	// is no direct way to detect these errors. No exported constants or error types exist from the
+	// standard library, see https://github.com/golang/net/blob/5ac9daca088ab4f378d7df849f6c7d28bea86071/http2/transport.go#L694.
+	// When a failed request is found, we return a response that indicates  to clients that they
+	// should retry the request themselves.
+	if errString := respErr.Error(); strings.HasSuffix(errString, `after Request.Body was written; define Request.GetBody to avoid this error`) &&
+		strings.Contains(errString, `http2: Transport: cannot retry err`) {
+		rw.Header().Set("Retry-After", "1")
+		rw.WriteHeader(http.StatusTooManyRequests)
+		return
+	}
+
 	code := trace.ErrorToCode(respErr)
 	status := &metav1.Status{
 		Status: metav1.StatusFailure,

lib/kube/proxy/forwarder_test.go

@@ -19,11 +19,15 @@
 package proxy
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
 	"crypto/x509"
 	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"net/url"
@@ -42,6 +46,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2/hpack"
 	kubeerrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/transport"
@@ -1023,7 +1029,7 @@ func mockAuthCtx(t *testing.T, kubeCluster string, isRemote bool) authContext {
 func TestKubeFwdHTTPProxyEnv(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	t.Cleanup(cancel)
-	f := newMockForwader(ctx, t)
+	f := newMockForwarder(ctx, t)
 
 	authCtx := mockAuthCtx(t, "kube-cluster", false)
 
@@ -1134,7 +1140,7 @@ func TestKubeFwdHTTPProxyEnv(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, uint32(2), atomic.LoadUint32(&kubeAPICallCount))
 }
 
-func newMockForwader(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T) *Forwarder {
+func newMockForwarder(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T) *Forwarder {
 	clock := clockwork.NewFakeClock()
 	cachedTransport, err := utils.NewFnCache(utils.FnCacheConfig{
 		TTL:   transportCacheTTL,
@@ -1701,3 +1707,172 @@ func TestForwarderTLSConfigCAs(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 	require.True(t, getConnTLSRootsCalled)
 }
+
+func TestGOAWAYHandling(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
+	t.Cleanup(cancel)
+	f := newMockForwarder(ctx, t)
+
+	cert, err := tls.X509KeyPair(fixtures.LocalhostCert, fixtures.LocalhostKey)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Launch a server that replies with a GOAWAY.
+	gs := goawayServer{
+		listener: ln,
+		tlsConfig: &tls.Config{
+			Certificates: []tls.Certificate{cert},
+			NextProtos:   []string{http2.NextProtoTLS},
+		},
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, gs.Close()) })
+
+	go func() { require.NoError(t, gs.Serve()) }()
+
+	// Insert a fake Kubernetes cluster that forwards requests to the GOAWAY server above.
+	f.clusterDetails = map[string]*kubeDetails{
+		"kube-cluster": {
+			kubeCreds: &staticKubeCreds{
+				targetAddr: gs.URL(),
+				tlsConfig:  gs.tlsConfig,
+				transport: &http2.Transport{
+					TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
+						InsecureSkipVerify: true,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Create a user session.
+	authCtx := mockAuthCtx(t, "kube-cluster", false)
+	sess, err := f.newClusterSession(ctx, authCtx)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	t.Cleanup(sess.close)
+
+	fwd, err := f.makeSessionForwarder(sess)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Forward all requests for this session to the GOAWAY server.
+	forwarderServer := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		r.URL, err = url.Parse(gs.URL())
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		fwd.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	}))
+
+	t.Cleanup(forwarderServer.Close)
+
+	// Issue a request that will be forwarded to the GOAWAY server and validate
+	// that the GOAWAY is caught and a 429 is returned to clients.
+	body := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", forwarderServer.URL, body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	resp, err := forwarderServer.Client().Do(req)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, http.StatusTooManyRequests, resp.StatusCode)
+	require.Equal(t, "1", resp.Header.Get("Retry-After"))
+	require.NoError(t, resp.Body.Close())
+}
+
+// goawayServer is a fake [http2.Server] that terminates all received client
+// connections in the same manner that a Kubernetes API Server would if
+// it closed the connection as a result of the GOAWAY chance being exceeded.
+type goawayServer struct {
+	listener  net.Listener
+	tlsConfig *tls.Config
+}
+
+// URL returns the address clients should use to connect to the server.
+func (g *goawayServer) URL() string {
+	return "https://" + g.listener.Addr().String()
+}
+
+// Serve listens and handles connections in a blocking manner. Call
+// [Close] to terminate handling new connections and unblock.
+func (g *goawayServer) Serve() error {
+	tlsLn := tls.NewListener(g.listener, g.tlsConfig)
+
+	for {
+		conn, err := tlsLn.Accept()
+		if err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, net.ErrClosed) {
+				return nil
+			}
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if err := g.handleConn(conn); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Close terminates the server and unblocks any calls to [Serve].
+func (g *goawayServer) Close() error {
+	return g.listener.Close()
+}
+
+// handleConn performs the initial HTTP/2 message exchange and then
+// replies with a GOAWAY before closing the connection.
+func (g *goawayServer) handleConn(conn net.Conn) error {
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	// Consume and validate the client is communicating HTTP2
+	// before consuming any frames.
+	preface := make([]byte, len(http2.ClientPreface))
+	n, err := io.ReadFull(conn, preface)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if n != len(http2.ClientPreface) {
+		return errors.New("http2 client preface not fully provided")
+	}
+
+	if bytes.Contains(preface, []byte("HTTP/1.1")) {
+		return errors.New("expected HTTP2 in client preface, got HTTP 1.1")
+	}
+
+	// Start consuming HTTP2 frames
+	framer := http2.NewFramer(conn, conn)
+	framer.ReadMetaHeaders = hpack.NewDecoder(4096, nil)
+
+	// The first frame is the client SETTING
+	if _, err := framer.ReadFrame(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Respond with the server SETTINGS
+	if err := framer.WriteSettings(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Keep reading frames until the [http2.MetaHeadersFrame] is received and then
+	// issue a GOAWAY.
+	for {
+		frame, err := framer.ReadFrame()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		switch f := frame.(type) {
+		case *http2.SettingsFrame:
+			if f.IsAck() {
+				continue
+			}
+			if err := framer.WriteSettingsAck(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		case *http2.MetaHeadersFrame:
+			if err := framer.WriteGoAway(f.StreamID-1, http2.ErrCodeNo, nil); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		default:
+			continue
+		}
+	}
+}