fix(quickstart): robust tool lookup and modernize dependencies in Python samples#2863
Merged
anubhav756 merged 7 commits intomainfrom Apr 4, 2026
Merged
fix(quickstart): robust tool lookup and modernize dependencies in Python samples#2863anubhav756 merged 7 commits intomainfrom
anubhav756 merged 7 commits intomainfrom
Conversation
![gemini-code-assist[bot]](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/in/956858?s=60&v=4){kind=small}
Contributor
There was a problem hiding this comment.
Code Review
This pull request updates the versions of toolbox-adk, toolbox-langchain, and toolbox-core to 1.0.0 in multiple requirements.txt files within the documentation. The reviewer identified several files missing a trailing newline and recommended adding one to follow standard conventions and improve compatibility with command-line tools and processing scripts.
docs/en/documentation/configuration/pre-post-processing/python/adk/requirements.txt
Outdated
Show resolved
Hide resolved
docs/en/documentation/configuration/pre-post-processing/python/langchain/requirements.txt
Outdated
Show resolved
Hide resolved
docs/en/documentation/getting-started/quickstart/python/langchain/requirements.txt
Outdated
Show resolved
Hide resolved
Contributor
|
🚀 Cloudflare Preview Ready! 🔎 View Preview: https://pr-2863.toolbox-docs-6xc.pages.dev (Note: Subsequent pushes to this PR will automatically update the preview at this same URL) |
Contributor
dishaprakash
approved these changes
Mar 26, 2026
Contributor
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
dd0db05 to
45ee2be
Compare
Contributor
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
2 times, most recently
from
77742eb to
fc57c1a
Compare
Contributor
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
fc57c1a to
e2fe864
Compare
Contributor
1 similar comment
Contributor
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
cd99baa to
ee6458b
Compare
Contributor
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
ee6458b to
0833eef
Compare
Contributor
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
0833eef to
01eb92b
Compare
Contributor
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
01eb92b to
70a48b7
Compare
Contributor
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
3 times, most recently
from
3cb0d4e to
69f2e62
Compare
1 task
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
7d6913d to
11a3ad5
Compare
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
c718c14 to
98fc8b8
Compare
anubhav756
force-pushed
the
anubhav-quickstart
branch
from
0b1b272 to
7b8123f
Compare
anubhav756
changed the title
anubhav756
changed the title
Contributor
|
🧨 Preview deployments removed. Cloudflare Pages environments for |
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 4, 2026
…s in Python samples (#2863) ## Description This PR addresses several reliability and modernization issues in the Python quickstart samples and documentation: * Replaced brittle hardcoded index-based tool lookups (`toolbox_tools[0]`) with a robust name-based lookup dictionary (`tool_map`) in `core/quickstart.py` and `local_quickstart.md`. * This prevents `TypeError` failures when the tool order returned by the server changes. * Implemented modernization & model updates. * Updated models to use `gemini-2.5-flash` across Core, LangChain, and LlamaIndex quickstarts. * Updated `toolbox-core` and `toolbox-langchain` dependencies to `1.0.0`. * Switched the LangChain sample from `ChatVertexAI` to `ChatGoogleGenerativeAI` and updated `langgraph` to `1.1.6` to resolve dependency conflicts in the CI environment. * Updated a test query in `adk/agent.py` to directly call `update-hotel` instead of asking for a complex multi-action "Book with dates" request in one shot, which was causing model execution failures. 4c0845d
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
to renovate-bot/googleapis-_-genai-toolbox
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 4, 2026
…s in Python samples (googleapis#2863) ## Description This PR addresses several reliability and modernization issues in the Python quickstart samples and documentation: * Replaced brittle hardcoded index-based tool lookups (`toolbox_tools[0]`) with a robust name-based lookup dictionary (`tool_map`) in `core/quickstart.py` and `local_quickstart.md`. * This prevents `TypeError` failures when the tool order returned by the server changes. * Implemented modernization & model updates. * Updated models to use `gemini-2.5-flash` across Core, LangChain, and LlamaIndex quickstarts. * Updated `toolbox-core` and `toolbox-langchain` dependencies to `1.0.0`. * Switched the LangChain sample from `ChatVertexAI` to `ChatGoogleGenerativeAI` and updated `langgraph` to `1.1.6` to resolve dependency conflicts in the CI environment. * Updated a test query in `adk/agent.py` to directly call `update-hotel` instead of asking for a complex multi-action "Book with dates" request in one shot, which was causing model execution failures. 4c0845d
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
to CrazyForks/genai-toolbox
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 4, 2026
…s in Python samples (googleapis#2863) ## Description This PR addresses several reliability and modernization issues in the Python quickstart samples and documentation: * Replaced brittle hardcoded index-based tool lookups (`toolbox_tools[0]`) with a robust name-based lookup dictionary (`tool_map`) in `core/quickstart.py` and `local_quickstart.md`. * This prevents `TypeError` failures when the tool order returned by the server changes. * Implemented modernization & model updates. * Updated models to use `gemini-2.5-flash` across Core, LangChain, and LlamaIndex quickstarts. * Updated `toolbox-core` and `toolbox-langchain` dependencies to `1.0.0`. * Switched the LangChain sample from `ChatVertexAI` to `ChatGoogleGenerativeAI` and updated `langgraph` to `1.1.6` to resolve dependency conflicts in the CI environment. * Updated a test query in `adk/agent.py` to directly call `update-hotel` instead of asking for a complex multi-action "Book with dates" request in one shot, which was causing model execution failures. 4c0845d
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
to pepe57/genai-toolbox
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 4, 2026
…s in Python samples (googleapis#2863) ## Description This PR addresses several reliability and modernization issues in the Python quickstart samples and documentation: * Replaced brittle hardcoded index-based tool lookups (`toolbox_tools[0]`) with a robust name-based lookup dictionary (`tool_map`) in `core/quickstart.py` and `local_quickstart.md`. * This prevents `TypeError` failures when the tool order returned by the server changes. * Implemented modernization & model updates. * Updated models to use `gemini-2.5-flash` across Core, LangChain, and LlamaIndex quickstarts. * Updated `toolbox-core` and `toolbox-langchain` dependencies to `1.0.0`. * Switched the LangChain sample from `ChatVertexAI` to `ChatGoogleGenerativeAI` and updated `langgraph` to `1.1.6` to resolve dependency conflicts in the CI environment. * Updated a test query in `adk/agent.py` to directly call `update-hotel` instead of asking for a complex multi-action "Book with dates" request in one shot, which was causing model execution failures. 4c0845d
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
to Jaleel-zhu/genai-toolbox
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 4, 2026
…s in Python samples (googleapis#2863) ## Description This PR addresses several reliability and modernization issues in the Python quickstart samples and documentation: * Replaced brittle hardcoded index-based tool lookups (`toolbox_tools[0]`) with a robust name-based lookup dictionary (`tool_map`) in `core/quickstart.py` and `local_quickstart.md`. * This prevents `TypeError` failures when the tool order returned by the server changes. * Implemented modernization & model updates. * Updated models to use `gemini-2.5-flash` across Core, LangChain, and LlamaIndex quickstarts. * Updated `toolbox-core` and `toolbox-langchain` dependencies to `1.0.0`. * Switched the LangChain sample from `ChatVertexAI` to `ChatGoogleGenerativeAI` and updated `langgraph` to `1.1.6` to resolve dependency conflicts in the CI environment. * Updated a test query in `adk/agent.py` to directly call `update-hotel` instead of asking for a complex multi-action "Book with dates" request in one shot, which was causing model execution failures. 4c0845d
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
to bhardwajRahul/genai-toolbox
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 5, 2026
…s in Python samples (googleapis#2863) ## Description This PR addresses several reliability and modernization issues in the Python quickstart samples and documentation: * Replaced brittle hardcoded index-based tool lookups (`toolbox_tools[0]`) with a robust name-based lookup dictionary (`tool_map`) in `core/quickstart.py` and `local_quickstart.md`. * This prevents `TypeError` failures when the tool order returned by the server changes. * Implemented modernization & model updates. * Updated models to use `gemini-2.5-flash` across Core, LangChain, and LlamaIndex quickstarts. * Updated `toolbox-core` and `toolbox-langchain` dependencies to `1.0.0`. * Switched the LangChain sample from `ChatVertexAI` to `ChatGoogleGenerativeAI` and updated `langgraph` to `1.1.6` to resolve dependency conflicts in the CI environment. * Updated a test query in `adk/agent.py` to directly call `update-hotel` instead of asking for a complex multi-action "Book with dates" request in one shot, which was causing model execution failures. 4c0845d
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
to TheTechOddBug/genai-toolbox
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 5, 2026
…s in Python samples (googleapis#2863) ## Description This PR addresses several reliability and modernization issues in the Python quickstart samples and documentation: * Replaced brittle hardcoded index-based tool lookups (`toolbox_tools[0]`) with a robust name-based lookup dictionary (`tool_map`) in `core/quickstart.py` and `local_quickstart.md`. * This prevents `TypeError` failures when the tool order returned by the server changes. * Implemented modernization & model updates. * Updated models to use `gemini-2.5-flash` across Core, LangChain, and LlamaIndex quickstarts. * Updated `toolbox-core` and `toolbox-langchain` dependencies to `1.0.0`. * Switched the LangChain sample from `ChatVertexAI` to `ChatGoogleGenerativeAI` and updated `langgraph` to `1.1.6` to resolve dependency conflicts in the CI environment. * Updated a test query in `adk/agent.py` to directly call `update-hotel` instead of asking for a complex multi-action "Book with dates" request in one shot, which was causing model execution failures. 4c0845d
Yuan325
added a commit
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 8, 2026
🤖 I have created a release *beep* *boop* --- ## [0.32.0](v0.31.0...v0.32.0) (2026-04-08) ### ⚠ BREAKING CHANGES * update repo name ([#2968](#2968)) ### Features * Add MCP tool annotations to all remaining tools ([#2221](#2221)) ([ea09db9](ea09db9)) * **bigquery:** Add conversational analytics tools for Data Agents ([#2517](#2517)) ([2490a4b](2490a4b)) * **embeddingModel:** Add Backend API selection fields ([#2592](#2592)) ([912aa9e](912aa9e)) * **skills:** Add Claude Code support to generated scripts ([#2966](#2966)) ([a1609e1](a1609e1)) * **skills:** Add codex user agent ([#2973](#2973)) ([070e939](070e939)) * **skills:** Tool invocation via npx ([#2916](#2916)) ([377dc5b](377dc5b)) * **sources/singlestore:** Add ConnectionParams to SingleStore Config ([#2555](#2555)) ([73e2a8c](73e2a8c)) * **tool/dataplex-lookup-context:** Relax project constraint and enforce location ([#2952](#2952)) ([7ebfdf1](7ebfdf1)) * **tools/looker:** Looker agent management from MCP ([#2830](#2830)) ([649d4ad](649d4ad)) * **ui:** Update to use `/mcp` endpoint ([#2829](#2829)) ([c3059c2](c3059c2)) ### Bug Fixes * **bigquery:** Add impersonateServiceAccount to prebuilt config ([#2770](#2770)) ([9c3a748](9c3a748)) * **quickstart:** Robust tool lookup and modernize dependencies in Python samples ([#2863](#2863)) ([4c0845d](4c0845d)) * **skills:** Fix skill generation template ([#2914](#2914)) ([a01a15e](a01a15e)) * **skills:** Prevent empty strings overriding optional env vars in node scripts ([#2963](#2963)) ([c52adeb](c52adeb)) * **tests/bigquery:** Implement uuid-based isolation and reliable resource cleanup ([#2547](#2547)) ([479d842](479d842)) * **tests/Bigtable:** Implement uuid-based isolation and reliable resource cleanup ([#2880](#2880)) ([a769f15](a769f15)) * Update error for ConvertConfig function ([#2993](#2993)) ([62bdabb](62bdabb)) ### Code Refactoring * Update repo name ([#2968](#2968)) ([3aae809](3aae809)) --- This PR was generated with [Release Please](https://github.com/googleapis/release-please). See [documentation](https://github.com/googleapis/release-please#release-please). --------- Co-authored-by: release-please[bot] <55107282+release-please[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Yuan Teoh <45984206+Yuan325@users.noreply.github.com>
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 8, 2026
🤖 I have created a release *beep* *boop* --- ## [0.32.0](v0.31.0...v0.32.0) (2026-04-08) ### ⚠ BREAKING CHANGES * update repo name ([#2968](#2968)) ### Features * Add MCP tool annotations to all remaining tools ([#2221](#2221)) ([ea09db9](ea09db9)) * **bigquery:** Add conversational analytics tools for Data Agents ([#2517](#2517)) ([2490a4b](2490a4b)) * **embeddingModel:** Add Backend API selection fields ([#2592](#2592)) ([912aa9e](912aa9e)) * **skills:** Add Claude Code support to generated scripts ([#2966](#2966)) ([a1609e1](a1609e1)) * **skills:** Add codex user agent ([#2973](#2973)) ([070e939](070e939)) * **skills:** Tool invocation via npx ([#2916](#2916)) ([377dc5b](377dc5b)) * **sources/singlestore:** Add ConnectionParams to SingleStore Config ([#2555](#2555)) ([73e2a8c](73e2a8c)) * **tool/dataplex-lookup-context:** Relax project constraint and enforce location ([#2952](#2952)) ([7ebfdf1](7ebfdf1)) * **tools/looker:** Looker agent management from MCP ([#2830](#2830)) ([649d4ad](649d4ad)) * **ui:** Update to use `/mcp` endpoint ([#2829](#2829)) ([c3059c2](c3059c2)) ### Bug Fixes * **bigquery:** Add impersonateServiceAccount to prebuilt config ([#2770](#2770)) ([9c3a748](9c3a748)) * **quickstart:** Robust tool lookup and modernize dependencies in Python samples ([#2863](#2863)) ([4c0845d](4c0845d)) * **skills:** Fix skill generation template ([#2914](#2914)) ([a01a15e](a01a15e)) * **skills:** Prevent empty strings overriding optional env vars in node scripts ([#2963](#2963)) ([c52adeb](c52adeb)) * **tests/bigquery:** Implement uuid-based isolation and reliable resource cleanup ([#2547](#2547)) ([479d842](479d842)) * **tests/Bigtable:** Implement uuid-based isolation and reliable resource cleanup ([#2880](#2880)) ([a769f15](a769f15)) * Update error for ConvertConfig function ([#2993](#2993)) ([62bdabb](62bdabb)) ### Code Refactoring * Update repo name ([#2968](#2968)) ([3aae809](3aae809)) --- This PR was generated with [Release Please](https://github.com/googleapis/release-please). See [documentation](https://github.com/googleapis/release-please#release-please). --------- Co-authored-by: release-please[bot] <55107282+release-please[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Yuan Teoh <45984206+Yuan325@users.noreply.github.com> b9ae1c6
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
to renovate-bot/googleapis-_-genai-toolbox
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 8, 2026
🤖 I have created a release *beep* *boop* --- ## [0.32.0](googleapis/mcp-toolbox@v0.31.0...v0.32.0) (2026-04-08) ### ⚠ BREAKING CHANGES * update repo name ([googleapis#2968](googleapis#2968)) ### Features * Add MCP tool annotations to all remaining tools ([googleapis#2221](googleapis#2221)) ([ea09db9](googleapis@ea09db9)) * **bigquery:** Add conversational analytics tools for Data Agents ([googleapis#2517](googleapis#2517)) ([2490a4b](googleapis@2490a4b)) * **embeddingModel:** Add Backend API selection fields ([googleapis#2592](googleapis#2592)) ([912aa9e](googleapis@912aa9e)) * **skills:** Add Claude Code support to generated scripts ([googleapis#2966](googleapis#2966)) ([a1609e1](googleapis@a1609e1)) * **skills:** Add codex user agent ([googleapis#2973](googleapis#2973)) ([070e939](googleapis@070e939)) * **skills:** Tool invocation via npx ([googleapis#2916](googleapis#2916)) ([377dc5b](googleapis@377dc5b)) * **sources/singlestore:** Add ConnectionParams to SingleStore Config ([googleapis#2555](googleapis#2555)) ([73e2a8c](googleapis@73e2a8c)) * **tool/dataplex-lookup-context:** Relax project constraint and enforce location ([googleapis#2952](googleapis#2952)) ([7ebfdf1](googleapis@7ebfdf1)) * **tools/looker:** Looker agent management from MCP ([googleapis#2830](googleapis#2830)) ([649d4ad](googleapis@649d4ad)) * **ui:** Update to use `/mcp` endpoint ([googleapis#2829](googleapis#2829)) ([c3059c2](googleapis@c3059c2)) ### Bug Fixes * **bigquery:** Add impersonateServiceAccount to prebuilt config ([googleapis#2770](googleapis#2770)) ([9c3a748](googleapis@9c3a748)) * **quickstart:** Robust tool lookup and modernize dependencies in Python samples ([googleapis#2863](googleapis#2863)) ([4c0845d](googleapis@4c0845d)) * **skills:** Fix skill generation template ([googleapis#2914](googleapis#2914)) ([a01a15e](googleapis@a01a15e)) * **skills:** Prevent empty strings overriding optional env vars in node scripts ([googleapis#2963](googleapis#2963)) ([c52adeb](googleapis@c52adeb)) * **tests/bigquery:** Implement uuid-based isolation and reliable resource cleanup ([googleapis#2547](googleapis#2547)) ([479d842](googleapis@479d842)) * **tests/Bigtable:** Implement uuid-based isolation and reliable resource cleanup ([googleapis#2880](googleapis#2880)) ([a769f15](googleapis@a769f15)) * Update error for ConvertConfig function ([googleapis#2993](googleapis#2993)) ([62bdabb](googleapis@62bdabb)) ### Code Refactoring * Update repo name ([googleapis#2968](googleapis#2968)) ([3aae809](googleapis@3aae809)) --- This PR was generated with [Release Please](https://github.com/googleapis/release-please). See [documentation](https://github.com/googleapis/release-please#release-please). --------- Co-authored-by: release-please[bot] <55107282+release-please[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Yuan Teoh <45984206+Yuan325@users.noreply.github.com> b9ae1c6
github-actions bot
pushed a commit
to Jaleel-zhu/genai-toolbox
that referenced
this pull request
Apr 8, 2026
🤖 I have created a release *beep* *boop* --- ## [0.32.0](googleapis/mcp-toolbox@v0.31.0...v0.32.0) (2026-04-08) ### ⚠ BREAKING CHANGES * update repo name ([googleapis#2968](googleapis#2968)) ### Features * Add MCP tool annotations to all remaining tools ([googleapis#2221](googleapis#2221)) ([ea09db9](googleapis@ea09db9)) * **bigquery:** Add conversational analytics tools for Data Agents ([googleapis#2517](googleapis#2517)) ([2490a4b](googleapis@2490a4b)) * **embeddingModel:** Add Backend API selection fields ([googleapis#2592](googleapis#2592)) ([912aa9e](googleapis@912aa9e)) * **skills:** Add Claude Code support to generated scripts ([googleapis#2966](googleapis#2966)) ([a1609e1](googleapis@a1609e1)) * **skills:** Add codex user agent ([googleapis#2973](googleapis#2973)) ([070e939](googleapis@070e939)) * **skills:** Tool invocation via npx ([googleapis#2916](googleapis#2916)) ([377dc5b](googleapis@377dc5b)) * **sources/singlestore:** Add ConnectionParams to SingleStore Config ([googleapis#2555](googleapis#2555)) ([73e2a8c](googleapis@73e2a8c)) * **tool/dataplex-lookup-context:** Relax project constraint and enforce location ([googleapis#2952](googleapis#2952)) ([7ebfdf1](googleapis@7ebfdf1)) * **tools/looker:** Looker agent management from MCP ([googleapis#2830](googleapis#2830)) ([649d4ad](googleapis@649d4ad)) * **ui:** Update to use `/mcp` endpoint ([googleapis#2829](googleapis#2829)) ([c3059c2](googleapis@c3059c2)) ### Bug Fixes * **bigquery:** Add impersonateServiceAccount to prebuilt config ([googleapis#2770](googleapis#2770)) ([9c3a748](googleapis@9c3a748)) * **quickstart:** Robust tool lookup and modernize dependencies in Python samples ([googleapis#2863](googleapis#2863)) ([4c0845d](googleapis@4c0845d)) * **skills:** Fix skill generation template ([googleapis#2914](googleapis#2914)) ([a01a15e](googleapis@a01a15e)) * **skills:** Prevent empty strings overriding optional env vars in node scripts ([googleapis#2963](googleapis#2963)) ([c52adeb](googleapis@c52adeb)) * **tests/bigquery:** Implement uuid-based isolation and reliable resource cleanup ([googleapis#2547](googleapis#2547)) ([479d842](googleapis@479d842)) * **tests/Bigtable:** Implement uuid-based isolation and reliable resource cleanup ([googleapis#2880](googleapis#2880)) ([a769f15](googleapis@a769f15)) * Update error for ConvertConfig function ([googleapis#2993](googleapis#2993)) ([62bdabb](googleapis@62bdabb)) ### Code Refactoring * Update repo name ([googleapis#2968](googleapis#2968)) ([3aae809](googleapis@3aae809)) --- This PR was generated with [Release Please](https://github.com/googleapis/release-please). See [documentation](https://github.com/googleapis/release-please#release-please). --------- Co-authored-by: release-please[bot] <55107282+release-please[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Yuan Teoh <45984206+Yuan325@users.noreply.github.com> b9ae1c6
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Sign up for free
to join this conversation on GitHub.
Already have an account?
Sign in to comment
2 participants
Add this suggestion to a batch that can be applied as a single commit.This suggestion is invalid because no changes were made to the code.Suggestions cannot be applied while the pull request is closed.Suggestions cannot be applied while viewing a subset of changes.Only one suggestion per line can be applied in a batch.Add this suggestion to a batch that can be applied as a single commit.Applying suggestions on deleted lines is not supported.You must change the existing code in this line in order to create a valid suggestion.Outdated suggestions cannot be applied.This suggestion has been applied or marked resolved.Suggestions cannot be applied from pending reviews.Suggestions cannot be applied on multi-line comments.Suggestions cannot be applied while the pull request is queued to merge.Suggestion cannot be applied right now. Please check back later.
Description
This PR addresses several reliability and modernization issues in the Python quickstart samples and documentation:
toolbox_tools[0]) with a robust name-based lookup dictionary (tool_map) incore/quickstart.pyandlocal_quickstart.md.TypeErrorfailures when the tool order returned by the server changes.gemini-2.5-flashacross Core, LangChain, and LlamaIndex quickstarts.toolbox-coreandtoolbox-langchaindependencies to1.0.0.ChatVertexAItoChatGoogleGenerativeAIand updatedlanggraphto1.1.6to resolve dependency conflicts in the CI environment.adk/agent.pyto directly callupdate-hotelinstead of asking for a complex multi-action "Book with dates" request in one shot, which was causing model execution failures.