CI: Build with Go 1.22 and 1.23; update Vault to 1.14

[reneleonhardt]

Features

• CI builds both latest Go versions (1.22 and 1.23)

Tech Debt

• I upgraded VAULT_VERSION to the old 1.14.0, but a new version 1.15.0 of the API has been released last week, and the latest binary is 1.17.5.

[felixfontein]

Thanks for your contribution!

[felixfontein]

@reneleonhardt ping

[reneleonhardt]

Please squash before/upon merging, I left separate commits for transparency.

[felixfontein]

Looks good to me.

@getsops/maintainers I think for merging this the branch protections for main (?) need to be updated. Right now several CI runs are expected to pass that no longer exist under their old name. I don't have permissions to actually see these parts of the repository settings. Can someone with appropriate rights take a look please?

[felixfontein]

@getsops/maintainers I think for merging this the branch protections for main (?) need to be updated. Right now several CI runs are expected to pass that no longer exist under their old name. I don't have permissions to actually see these parts of the repository settings. Can someone with appropriate rights take a look please?

To simplify this now (and in the future) I created #1621 which allows to modify the branch protections so they depend on only one single 'check' test. Once that is merged and the branch protections adjusted, this can be rebased and then merged without further updating of the branch protections.

I hope that's ok @getsops/maintainers.