ci: retry flaky android device tests

[jpnurmi]

I failed to fix the occasional failure related to external storage permissions in Android device tests, so this PR resorts to mitigating the flakiness:

• Bumps XHarness to the latest 10.0.0-prerelease.25466.1 version from Sep 26:
  https://dev.azure.com/dnceng/public/_artifacts/feed/dotnet-eng/NuGet/Microsoft.DotNet.XHarness.CLI/versions/10.0.0-prerelease.25466.1
• Retries Android device tests similar to iOS device tests. Example where the first attempt failed but retry succeeded:
  https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-dotnet/actions/runs/17944328668/job/51030035564?pr=4553

Bonus:

• Fixes /temp vs. /tmp for local runs.
• Allows workflow dispatch for debugging device tests straight from a WIP branch without opening PRs.

Hopefully (time will tell) resolves:

• Device tests flaky on Android 36 #4536

#skip-changelog

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 73.33%. Comparing base (934ee4e) to head (3ea1b6a).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #4553      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   73.35%   73.33%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         479      479              
  Lines       17505    17505              
  Branches     3445     3445              
==========================================
- Hits        12840    12838       -2     
- Misses       3785     3786       +1     
- Partials      880      881       +1     

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[Flash0ver]

oops ... still a draft ^^

[jpnurmi]

oops ... still a draft ^^

np, it's good to go :)