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fix(zipper): rename a conflicting unmapped @PG instead of dropping it - #1045

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Title: fix(zipper): rename a conflicting unmapped @pg instead of dropping it

Base: main (#1023 has merged)

Builds on #1023 (merged), which fixes the duplicate @pg (one @pg per command, chained to the last leaf, unmapped @pg records merged before mapped ones).

Bug. When both inputs hold an @pg with the same ID but different content, zipper on #1023 drops the unmapped copy. Any unmapped program whose PP named that ID then points at the unrelated mapped record, and zipper's own @pg can chain to the unmapped side instead of the aligner. Repro: unmapped samtools (import) | fgumi (correct, PP:samtools), mapped bwa-mem3 | samtools (view, PP:bwa-mem3). The output was fgumi (PP:samtools) | bwa-mem3 | samtools (view) | fgumi.1 (PP:fgumi), so fgumi correct now claims to follow samtools view and zipper chains to fgumi correct.

Fix. Both records are kept. The unmapped copy gets a fresh {id}.{n} ID that isn't used in either header (the same scheme as make_unique_program_id), and every PP in the unmapped records that named it is rewritten. A rename can make a record that matched its mapped namesake differ from it, so conflicts are recomputed until nothing changes. Identical records are still written once, in the mapped position, and unmapped records still come first. The repro now gives samtools.1 (import) | fgumi (correct, PP:samtools.1) | bwa-mem3 | samtools (view) | fgumi.1 (zipper, PP:samtools).

Read PG tags. A record's PG:Z tag names an @PG ID as text, so after a rename an unmapped read tagged PG:Z:samtools would point at the mapped samtools view. zipper now rewrites an unmapped read's PG tag through the same renames (PG:Z:samtools becomes PG:Z:samtools.1), both when it copies the tag onto a merged read and when it writes an unmapped-only read without a merge. Both the serial path and the pipeline chain (--threads >= 4) do this. The unmapped-only encoder now takes the tag lookups instead of the header it ignored, so ZipperMergeConfig drops its unused output_header field. The copy rule is unchanged: the unmapped PG is copied only when the mapped read has none, as in fgbio's copyTags, and a mapped read's own PG is never changed. With no conflicting ID the rename map is empty and the per-tag check is skipped.

fgbio ZipperBams fails on this input instead: it drops an unmapped @pg only when an equal mapped record exists (ZipperBams.scala:95), and htsjdk's SAMFileHeader.addProgramRecord throws on the duplicate ID. The code comment and a new "Program Records (@pg)" section in the fgbio migration guide record the difference, including the read PG rewrite.

Tests (each at --threads 1 and --threads 4, exact (ID, PN, PP) triples in order plus full-record equality, with fgumi's expected record written out field by field rather than built by the helper under test):

  • chains_zipper_pg_to_aligner: two PP-linked chains whose mapped leaf (SortSam) is not the last @pg in header order, so zipper's PP must follow the PP links. The input programs pass through verbatim, as fgbio asserts in ZipperBamsTest.scala:137. fgbio adds no @pg of its own, so the single fgumi @pg is fgumi behavior.
  • after_fgumi_extract: the unmapped header already has ID:fgumi, so zipper adds fgumi.1 chained to the aligner.
  • renames_conflicting_unmapped_pg: the repro above.
  • dedups_identical_shared_pg: an identical shared record is written once, in the mapped position.
  • rename_skips_existing_ids: samtools.1 is taken in the mapped header and samtools.2 in the unmapped one, so the rename is samtools.3 and the PP naming it is rewritten.
  • rename_cascades_through_pp: an unmapped fgumi (PP:samtools) textually equals its mapped namesake but differs once samtools is renamed, so it becomes fgumi.1. It is listed before samtools, so a single pass would miss it.
  • read_pg_tag_follows_renamed_unmapped_pg (rstest cases, with one merged and one unmapped-only pair): a read PG naming the renamed ID follows it on both; an unrenamed ID, an unknown ID, a mapped read's own PG (including one naming the shared ID), and no PG are unchanged. Every output record of both pairs is checked.
  • read_pg_tag_follows_cascaded_rename: a read PG naming an ID renamed only on a later pass is rewritten too, on merged and unmapped-only reads.

Disabling the merge-time read-tag rewrite on the serial path fails only the threads_1 read-tag cases, and disabling it on the chain path fails only the threads_4 ones. Disabling the unmapped-only rewrite fails the renamed, cascaded, and mapped-PG-wins cases at both thread counts. Each path is pinned.

Mutation checks, each run against the header tests: chaining to the last @pg in header order, merging mapped first, dropping the unique-ID suffix, dropping renamed records, skipping the PP rewrite, treating identical records as conflicts, reserving only mapped IDs, a single pass, and comparing records before the PP rewrite. Each mutation fails at least one test. The only survivor, which skips recording each fresh ID as used, is equivalent: {id}.{n} splits back uniquely at its last dot, so two conflicting IDs never get the same fresh ID.

zipper --help says nothing about @pg, so the help text is unchanged.

Risk: zipper header and read PG output changes; tests pin the renamed IDs, references, ordering, and tags. No unsafe change; the CLAUDE.md allowlist is unchanged. No memory-bound, queue-capacity, or thread/backpressure change.

Retain conflicting unmapped @PG records under fresh IDs, and rewrite their PP references and copied read PG tags. Deduplicate identical records.

The PR description reports header and read-tag tests for serial and pipeline paths, plus mutation checks. Test execution results were not provided.

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  • docs/src/guide/migration-from-fgbio.md
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  • src/lib/pipeline/chains/commands/zipper.rs
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Walkthrough

fgumi zipper merges @PG records from unmapped and mapped BAM headers. It renames conflicting unmapped IDs and updates their PP links and copied read-level PG tags. The migration guide documents this behavior and contrasts it with fgbio ZipperBams.

Changes

Zipper Program Records

Layer / File(s) Summary
Program record merge behavior
src/lib/commands/zipper.rs, docs/src/guide/migration-from-fgbio.md
build_output_header merges @PG records, emits identical records with the same ID once, and assigns unused IDs to conflicting unmapped records. It rewrites PP links and places unmapped records before mapped records. Tests cover ordering, deduplication, conflicts, suffix selection, cascading PP changes, program chains, and the fgumi extract header case. The migration guide documents the behavior and the fgbio contrast.
Read-level PG rewrites
src/lib/commands/zipper.rs
When an unmapped record’s ID is renamed, zipper rewrites a copied unmapped-read PG:Z value. A mapped read’s existing PG takes precedence. The rename map is passed to standalone and serial or parallel merge steps. Tests cover rewrites and precedence.
Pipeline rename wiring
src/lib/pipeline/chains/builder.rs, src/lib/pipeline/chains/commands/zipper.rs, src/lib/pipeline/steps/chain_tests.rs
ChainBuilder derives program-ID renames from paired BAM headers and passes them through ZipperMergeCaptures into ZipperMergeConfig. Test configurations initialize the rename map.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Change: Bug fix

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant ChainBuilder
  participant ZipperMergeConfig
  participant ZipperMergeStep
  ChainBuilder->>ChainBuilder: Derive program-ID renames from paired BAM headers
  ChainBuilder->>ZipperMergeConfig: Pass rename map
  ZipperMergeConfig->>ZipperMergeStep: Configure PG rewrite lookup
  ZipperMergeStep->>ZipperMergeStep: Rewrite copied unmapped-read PG values
Loading

Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to fa263

Conflicting unmapped @PG records are now renamed instead of dropped, and read PG tags follow the renames. No remaining merge-blocking risk was identified.

Pre-merge checks | Passed 3
✅ Passed checks (3 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Title check Passed The title follows Conventional Commit format with the valid type fix, the affected command scope zipper, and a lowercase imperative description. It accurately describes the main change and has no …
Linked Issues check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.


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Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 98.10427% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 96.59%. Comparing base (51c1fb9) to head (fa263ff).
⚠️ Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines Patch % Lines
src/lib/commands/zipper.rs 98.02% 4 Missing ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##             main    #1045    +/-   ##
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  Coverage   96.59%   96.59%            
========================================
  Files         304      304            
  Lines      155379   155704   +325     
========================================
+ Hits       150084   150401   +317     
- Misses       5295     5303     +8     

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Base automatically changed from cv_pg_one_record_per_command to main October 8, 2026 00:43
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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/lib/commands/zipper.rs:
- Around line 381-382: Update both @PG ordering descriptions associated with
merge_program_records to clarify that unmapped-only records come first, while
identical shared records are emitted once in mapped order. Preserve the existing
descriptions of zipper’s added @PG and fgbio ZipperBams behavior.

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  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/lib/commands/zipper.rs:
- Around line 803-819: Update encode_unmapped_template_records to receive the PG
rename map and rewrite Z-typed PG tags using the same mapping as merge_raw_with,
including when exclude_missing_reads is false. Add coverage for an unmapped-only
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Comment thread src/lib/commands/zipper.rs
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nh13 force-pushed the nh/zipper-pg-two-chains-test branch from edbd752 to f86670d Compare October 10, 2026 01:34
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Builds on #1023. When both inputs held an @pg with the same ID but
different content, zipper dropped the unmapped copy. Any unmapped
program whose PP named that ID then pointed at the unrelated mapped
record, and zipper's own @pg could chain to the unmapped side instead
of the aligner (e.g. unmapped `samtools import` vs mapped
`samtools view`).

Both records are now kept. The unmapped copy gets a fresh `{id}.{n}`
ID not used in either header (the scheme make_unique_program_id uses),
and every PP in the unmapped records that named it is rewritten. A
rename can make a record that matched its mapped namesake differ from
it, so conflicts are recomputed until none remain. Identical records
are still written once, in the mapped position, and unmapped records
still come first. fgbio ZipperBams fails on this input instead
(htsjdk's addProgramRecord rejects the duplicate ID); the code comment
and the fgbio migration guide record the difference.

A read-level PG tag from an unmapped read is rewritten through the
same renames, so the read keeps naming the program that produced it
rather than its mapped namesake. This covers tags copied onto merged
reads and unmapped-only reads written without a merge, on both the
serial path and the pipeline chain (--threads >= 4). The copy rule is
unchanged: the unmapped PG is copied only when the mapped read has
none. The unmapped-only encoder now takes the tag lookups instead of
the header it ignored, so ZipperMergeConfig drops its unused
output_header field.

Tests, each at threads 1 and 4, compare exact (ID, PN, PP) triples and
full records against expected @pgs written out field by field:
- two PP-linked chains whose mapped leaf is not last in header order,
  so zipper's PP must follow the PP links (fgbio passes the inputs
  through verbatim, ZipperBamsTest.scala:137)
- the extract -> align -> zipper flow adds `fgumi.1`
- a same-ID conflict renames the unmapped copy and rewrites its PP
- an identical shared record is written once
- the fresh ID skips IDs used in either header
- a rename cascades through a PP that named the renamed ID
- a read PG naming a renamed ID follows the rename on merged and
  unmapped-only reads (including a cascaded rename); unrenamed and
  unknown IDs, a mapped read's own PG, and a read without PG are
  unchanged
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