Back merge staging into dev

middleware.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,17 @@ import { DEFAULT_LOCALE } from "./src/lib/constants"
 const handleI18nRouting = createMiddleware(routing)
 
 export default function middleware(request: NextRequest) {
+  // Normalize to lowercase paths site-wide (URLs are case-insensitive by spec,
+  // but our routes are defined in lowercase). Do this BEFORE i18n routing.
+  const originalPath = request.nextUrl.pathname
+  const lowerPath = originalPath.toLowerCase()
+  if (originalPath !== lowerPath) {
+    const url = request.nextUrl.clone()
+    url.pathname = lowerPath
+    return NextResponse.redirect(url, 301)
+  }
+
+  // Handle i18n routing
   const response = handleI18nRouting(request)
 
   // Upgrade default-locale strip redirects from 307 to 301 for SEO

next.config.js

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ const createNextIntlPlugin = require("next-intl/plugin")
 
 const { withSentryConfig } = require("@sentry/nextjs")
 
+const redirects = require("./redirects.config")
+
+const i18nConfigJson = require("./i18n.config.json")
+
 const withNextIntl = createNextIntlPlugin()
 
 const LIMIT_CPUS = Number(process.env.LIMIT_CPUS ?? 2)
@@ -135,6 +139,39 @@ module.exports = (phase, { defaultConfig }) => {
         },
       ]
     },
+    async redirects() {
+      // Build a strict locale matcher from configured locales
+      const LOCALE_ALTS = i18nConfigJson.map(({ code }) => code).join("|") // e.g. "en|es|fr|..."
+
+      // Helper function to generate both English (no prefix) and locale-prefixed redirects
+      const createRedirect = (source, destination, permanent = true) => {
+        // For external URLs, don't modify the destination
+        const isExternal = destination.startsWith("http")
+
+        // English / default-locale: no prefix in source or destination
+        const defaultRedirect = { source, destination, permanent }
+
+        // Locale-prefixed: only match allowed locales (prevents matching arbitrary segments)
+        const localeRedirect = {
+          source: `/:locale(${LOCALE_ALTS})${source}`,
+          destination: isExternal ? destination : `/:locale${destination}`,
+          permanent,
+        }
+
+        return [defaultRedirect, localeRedirect]
+      }
+
+      return [
+        // Custom locale aliases redirects
+        { source: "/no/:path*", destination: "/nb/:path*", permanent: true },
+        { source: "/ph/:path*", destination: "/fil/:path*", permanent: true },
+
+        // All primary redirects
+        ...redirects.flatMap(([source, destination, permanent]) =>
+          createRedirect(source, destination, permanent)
+        ),
+      ]
+    },
   }
 
   nextConfig = {

public/content/ethereum-forks/index.md

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Looking for future protocol upgrades? [Learn about upcoming upgrades on the Ethe
 
 ## 2025 {#2025}
 
-### Fulu-Osaka ("Fusaka", _in progress_) {#fusaka}
+### Fulu-Osaka ("Fusaka") {#fusaka}
 
 <NetworkUpgradeSummary name="fusaka" />
 

redirects.config.js

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// All primary redirects ([source, destination, permanent? (default true)])
+
+/** @type { [string, string, boolean | undefined][] } */
+module.exports = [
+  ["/discord", "https://discord.gg/ethereum-org"],
+  ["/writing-cohort", "https://ethereumwriterscohort.carrd.co/"],
+  ["/pdfs/:path*", "/"],
+  ["/brand", "/assets/"],
+  ["/ethereum.html", "/what-is-ethereum/"],
+  ["/ether", "/what-is-ether/"],
+  ["/eth", "/what-is-ether/"],
+  ["/token", "/developers/"],
+  ["/crowdsale", "/developers/"],
+  ["/cli", "/developers/"],
+  ["/greeter", "/developers/"],
+  ["/roadmap/vision", "/roadmap/"],
+  ["/search", "/"],
+  ["/garden", "/roadmap/"],
+  ["/download", "/wallets/find-wallet/"],
+  ["/how", "/guides/"],
+  ["/content/:path*", "/:path*"],
+  ["/nfts", "/nft/"],
+  ["/daos", "/dao/"],
+  ["/layer2", "/layer-2/"],
+  ["/grants", "/community/grants/"],
+  ["/java", "/developers/docs/programming-languages/java/"],
+  ["/python", "/developers/docs/programming-languages/python/"],
+  ["/javascript", "/developers/docs/programming-languages/javascript/"],
+  ["/golang", "/developers/docs/programming-languages/golang/"],
+  ["/rust", "/developers/docs/programming-languages/rust/"],
+  ["/dot-net", "/developers/docs/programming-languages/dot-net/"],
+  ["/delphi", "/developers/docs/programming-languages/delphi/"],
+  ["/dart", "/developers/docs/programming-languages/dart/"],
+  ["/languages", "/community/language-resources/"],
+  [
+    "/developers/docs/mining",
+    "/developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pow/mining/",
+  ],
+  ["/beginners", "/what-is-ethereum/"],
+  ["/build", "/developers/learning-tools/"],
+  ["/eth2/beacon-chain", "/roadmap/beacon-chain/"],
+  ["/eth2/the-beacon-chain", "/roadmap/beacon-chain/"],
+  ["/upgrades/the-beacon-chain", "/roadmap/beacon-chain/"],
+  ["/eth2/merge", "/roadmap/merge/"],
+  ["/eth2/the-merge", "/roadmap/merge/"],
+  ["/upgrades/the-merge", "/roadmap/merge/"],
+  ["/eth2/docking", "/roadmap/merge/"],
+  ["/upgrades/docking", "/roadmap/merge/"],
+  ["/eth2/the-docking", "/roadmap/merge/"],
+  ["/upgrades/the-docking", "/roadmap/merge/"],
+  ["/eth2/shard-chains", "/roadmap/danksharding/"],
+  ["/upgrades/shard-chains", "/roadmap/danksharding/"],
+  ["/upgrades/sharding", "/roadmap/danksharding/"],
+  ["/upgrades/merge", "/roadmap/merge/"],
+  ["/upgrades/merge/issuance", "/roadmap/merge/issuance"],
+  ["/upgrades/beacon-chain", "/roadmap/beacon-chain"],
+  ["/upgrades/vision", "/roadmap/"],
+  ["/upgrades", "/roadmap"],
+  ["/upgrades/get-involved", "/contributing"],
+  ["/eth2/staking", "/staking/"],
+  ["/eth2/vision", "/roadmap/vision/"],
+  ["/eth2/get-involved", "/contributing/"],
+  ["/eth2/get-involved/bug-bounty", "/bug-bounty/"],
+  ["/upgrades/get-involved/bug-bounty", "/bug-bounty/"],
+  ["/eth2/deposit-contract", "/staking/deposit-contract/"],
+  ["/eth2", "/roadmap/"],
+  ["/developers/docs/scaling/layer-2-rollups", "/developers/docs/scaling"],
+  ["/developers/docs/layer-2-scaling", "/layer-2/"],
+  ["/about/web-developer", "/about/#open-jobs"],
+  ["/about/product-designer", "/about/#open-jobs"],
+  ["/use", "/apps/"],
+  ["/dapps", "/apps/"],
+  [
+    "/contributing/translation-program/translation-guide",
+    "/contributing/translation-program/faq/",
+  ],
+  [
+    "/contributing/translation-program/content-versions",
+    "/contributing/translation-program/",
+  ],
+  [
+    "/contributing/translation-program/content-buckets",
+    "/contributing/translation-program/",
+  ],
+  [
+    "/developers/docs/smart-contracts/source-code-verification",
+    "/developers/docs/smart-contracts/verifying/",
+  ],
+  [
+    "/developers/docs/smart-contracts/upgrading-smart-contracts",
+    "/developers/docs/smart-contracts/upgrading/",
+  ],
+  ["/staking/withdraws", "/staking/withdrawals/"],
+  [
+    "/guides/how-to-register-an-ethereum-account",
+    "/guides/how-to-create-an-ethereum-account/",
+  ],
+  ["/deprecated-software", "/apps/"],
+  ["/enterprise/private-ethereum", "/enterprise/"],
+  ["/dashboards", "/resources"],
+  ["/tds", "/trillion-dollar-security"],
+  ["/10-years", "/10years"],
+  ["/history", "/ethereum-forks"],
+]