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Refactor: update op rollup fees section to match 4844 specs #13309

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@iankressin iankressin commented Jul 3, 2024

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Update section "How do optimistic rollup fees work?" to match EIP-4844 specs

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Looks good @iankressin! Just left a small suggestion to adjust how we introduce/use the term "blob", along with tiny punctuation/capitalization fixes. Then we should be able to get this in!

@@ -198,9 +198,9 @@ Finally, we should note that L2 > L1 message calls between contracts need to acc

Optimistic rollups use a gas fee scheme, much like Ethereum, to denote how much users pay per transaction. Fees charged on optimistic rollups depends on the following components:

1. **State write**: Optimistic rollups publish transaction data and block headers (consisting of the previous block header hash, state root, batch root) to Ethereum as `calldata`. The minimum cost of an Ethereum transaction is 21,000 gas. Optimistic rollups can reduce the cost of writing the transaction to L1 by batching multiple transactions in a single block (which amortizes the 21k gas over multiple user transactions).
1. **State write**: Optimistic rollups publish transaction data and block headers (consisting of the previous block header hash, state root, batch root) to Ethereum as `blobs`. [EIP-4844](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4844) introduced a cost-effective solution for including data on-chain. `blobs` is a new transaction field that allows rollups to post compressed state transition data to Ethereum L1 Unlike `calldata`, which remains permanently on-chain, blobs are short-lived and can be pruned from clients after [4096 epochs](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/81f3ea8322aff6b9fb15132d050f8f98b16bdba4/configs/mainnet.yaml#L147) (approximately 18 days). By using `blobs` to post batches of compressed transactions, Optimistic rollups can significantly reduce the cost of writing transactions to L1.
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Suggested change
1. **State write**: Optimistic rollups publish transaction data and block headers (consisting of the previous block header hash, state root, batch root) to Ethereum as `blobs`. [EIP-4844](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4844) introduced a cost-effective solution for including data on-chain. `blobs` is a new transaction field that allows rollups to post compressed state transition data to Ethereum L1 Unlike `calldata`, which remains permanently on-chain, blobs are short-lived and can be pruned from clients after [4096 epochs](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/81f3ea8322aff6b9fb15132d050f8f98b16bdba4/configs/mainnet.yaml#L147) (approximately 18 days). By using `blobs` to post batches of compressed transactions, Optimistic rollups can significantly reduce the cost of writing transactions to L1.
1. **State write**: Optimistic rollups publish transaction data and block headers (consisting of the previous block header hash, state root, batch root) to Ethereum as a `blob`, or "binary large object". [EIP-4844](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4844) introduced a cost-effective solution for including data on-chain. A `blob` is a new transaction field that allows rollups to post compressed state transition data to Ethereum L1. Unlike `calldata`, which remains permanently on-chain, blobs are short-lived and can be pruned from clients after [4096 epochs](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/81f3ea8322aff6b9fb15132d050f8f98b16bdba4/configs/mainnet.yaml#L147) (approximately 18 days). By using blobs to post batches of compressed transactions, optimistic rollups can significantly reduce the cost of writing transactions to L1.

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Update "How do optimistic rollup fees work?" on Optimistic rollups
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