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Expand Up @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Make sure that you have correctly hooked `direnv` into your shell by modifying y
If you haven't edited a config file then you probably haven't configured `direnv` properly (and things might not work later).
</Callout>

## Get access to a sepolia node
## Get access to a Sepolia node

You'll be deploying a OP Stack Rollup chain that uses a Layer 1 blockchain to host and order transaction data.
The OP Stack Rollups were designed to use EVM Equivalent blockchains like Ethereum, OP Mainnet, or standard Ethereum testnets as their L1 chains.
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion pages/builders/node-operators/tutorials.mdx
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Expand Up @@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ This section provides information on various node operations. It covers running

<Card title="Building a node from source" href="/builders/node-operators/tutorials/node-from-source" />

<Card title="Running an op sepolia node from source" href="/builders/node-operators/tutorials/testnet" />
<Card title="Running an OP Sepolia node from source" href="/builders/node-operators/tutorials/testnet" />
</Cards>
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions pages/stack/fault-proofs.mdx
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Expand Up @@ -22,4 +22,6 @@ Documentation covering Cannon, Challenger, Explainer, Fp Components, Fp Security
<Card title="Fault proofs Mainnet security" href="/stack/fault-proofs/fp-security" />

<Card title="Fault proof VM - MIPS.sol" href="/stack/fault-proofs/mips" />

<Card title="Asterisc" href="/stack/fault-proofs/asterisc" />
</Cards>
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions pages/stack/fault-proofs/_meta.json
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Expand Up @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
"explainer": "Fault proofs explainer",
"fp-components": "FP system components",
"cannon": "FPVM: Cannon",
"asterisc": "Asterisc",
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"challenger": "OP-Challenger",
"mips": "MIPS.sol",
"fp-security": "FP Mainnet security"
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76 changes: 76 additions & 0 deletions pages/stack/fault-proofs/asterisc.mdx
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---
title: Asterisc
lang: en-US
description: Learn about Asterisc
---

# Asterisc

[Asterisc](https://github.com/protolambda/asterisc/tree/master) is an alternative fault-proof VM for the OP Stack, crafted to validate RISC-V program execution via an interactive fraud-proof mechanism. Asterisc delivers a minimalist yet powerful solution for optimistic rollup fraud-proofing through Go. Leveraging the RISC-V architecture, it offers:
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* Support for 64-bit operations
* Concurrent yet deterministic threading
* Compatibility with RISC-V's expanding ecosystem
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Read more about fault-proofs in our [Fault-proof explainer](/stack/fault-proofs/explainer)

## How it works

Asterisc enables parties to reach consensus on shared execution trace states. In cases of dispute, it identifies the diverging execution step. Commitments are generated for memory, registers, CSR, and VM states across the execution trace, with disputed steps emulated within the EVM to resolve inconsistencies.

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Similar to a comment above, it's not Asterisc alone that "enables parties to reach consensus on shared execution trace states". It's the fault proof program (Kona in this case) running in a fault proof VM (Asterisc in this case) that does this.


Ready to dive in? Keep reading or head over to the [Asterisc repo](https://github.com/protolambda/asterisc/tree/master).
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## Getting started

1. Read through the [additional repo docs](https://github.com/protolambda/asterisc/tree/master/docs).
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2. Use Foundry to compile the associated smart contracts.
3. Compile test binaries using the [`Makefile`](https://github.com/protolambda/asterisc/blob/master/tests/go-tests/Makefile).
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4. Execute `rvgo` tests to validate both on-chain and off-chain operations through RISC-V unit tests.

## Key components

* **`rvgo`:** A Go-based RISC-V emulator with two operational modes:
* **`Fast Mode`:** Executes one instruction per step on the VM state.
* **`Slow Mode`:** Emulates one instruction per step using a VM state oracle.
* **`rvsol`:** A Solidity/Yul implementation of the slow-mode step for EVM compatibility.

### Yul in Solidity

Yul is chosen for its simplicity and precision, offering direct mirroring with Go code while retaining critical features like underflow/overflow behavior and untyped operations.

[See the repo](https://github.com/protolambda/asterisc/blob/master/README.md#why-use-yul-in-solidity) for a deeper dive on Yul and fast/slow modes.
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## Supported RISC-V subsets

Here's a few key subsets. For the complete list, see the [repo](https://github.com/protolambda/asterisc?tab=readme-ov-file#risc-v-subset-support).

* `RV32I`: Base 32-bit instruction set
* `RV64I`: 64-bit instruction set
* `RV32M` and `RV64M`: Multiplication
* `RV32A` and `RV64A`: Atomics
* Compact instructions for Rust: Work in progress

Unsupported operations are implemented as no-ops, ensuring compatibility with the Go runtime.

## FAQ

The following section highlights specific advantages that Asterisc provides over other fault-proof systems.

### Benefits over Cannon

[Cannon](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/cannon/), originally developed by [`geohot`](https://github.com/geohot/) and now maintained by Optimism, offers similar functionality but has key differences:

* Cannon operates on a 32-bit MIPS architecture, whereas Asterisc uses RISC-V.
* Asterisc supports 64-bit operations and deterministic threading, making it more future-ready.

### Benefits over Cartesi

[Cartesi](https://github.com/cartesi/) provides RISC-V fraud-proofing for a full machine, including numerous additional features. However, this added complexity can introduce risks. Asterisc focuses on simplicity by running single-process executions with minimal system calls.

### Benefits over WebAssembly

Arbitrum's WebAssembly-based fraud-proofing leverages a business-source license and transformation to WAVM, limiting its general usability. In contrast, Asterisc is open-source under the MIT license, offering broader applicability.

## Contributing

Asterisc is designed to run Go programs for fraud-proofing optimistic rollups. Contributions that align with its goals of simplicity, minimalism, and compatibility are highly encouraged.
23 changes: 14 additions & 9 deletions words.txt
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Expand Up @@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ Allnodes
Allocs
allocs
ANDI
Ankr
Apeworx
Arweave
Asterisc
asterisc
authrpc
Badgeholder's
Badgeholders
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -49,6 +50,7 @@ Brotli
brotli
Callouts
callouts
Cartesi
CCIP
Celestia
Celestia's
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -148,7 +150,6 @@ holesky
IERC
IGNOREPRICE
ignoreprice
Immunefi
implicity
Inator
inator
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -197,7 +198,6 @@ minsuggestedpriorityfee
Mintable
Mintplex
MIPSEVM
Mitigations
Monitorism
Moralis
Mordor
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -292,8 +292,6 @@ Proxied
Proxyd
proxyd
pseudorandomly
Pyth
Pyth's
QRNG
Quicknode
quicknode
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -326,9 +324,6 @@ runbooks
RWAs
safedb
Schnorr
SEPOLIA
Sepolia
sepolia
seqnr
SEQUENCERHTTP
sequencerhttp
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -400,12 +395,22 @@ VMDEBUG
vmdebug
VMODULE
vmodule
voxel
Warpcast
WAVM
xlarge
XORI
xtensibility
ZKPs
ZKVM
Zora
zora
Sepolia
voxel
sepolia
SEPOLIA
Pyth
Pyth's
Ankr
Mitigations
Immunefi
Arbitrum's