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[Security Solution][Agent Builder] Harden PCI compliance tools + add eval suite#264378

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[Security Solution][Agent Builder] Harden PCI compliance tools + add eval suite#264378
patrykkopycinski merged 11 commits into
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@patrykkopycinski patrykkopycinski commented Apr 20, 2026

Built on top of #256060 (smriti/pci-compliance-agent) to land the review changes there before it's marked ready. Targets Smriti's branch directly so all work lands in a single upstream PR.

Summary

Makes the PCI DSS v4.0.1 Agent Builder skill production-ready by hardening the tools against ES|QL injection, consolidating them, gating the feature behind an experimental flag, and adding an end-to-end eval suite. The skill now:

  • Ships dark by default (pciComplianceAgentBuilder experimental flag, off).
  • Uses ES|QL parameter binding everywhere — time ranges go through ?_tstart / ?_tend bound params, and index patterns are strictly validated by Zod before being interpolated into FROM (FROM clauses cannot be parameterised).
  • Exposes a single pci_compliance tool (mode: "check" | "report") plus pci_scope_discovery and pci_field_mapper, keeping the skill at 3 registry tool references (well under the 5-tool guideline).
  • Attaches a structured scope claim to every tool response so the LLM can cite DSS version, indices, time range, evaluated requirements, and checked fields — and always includes a non-attestation disclaimer so the skill never implies QSA certification.

Eval Results — Before & After

The original PR (#256060) shipped no eval suite and no automated quality measurement. This PR adds a new @kbn/evals-suite-pci-compliance package with 8 scenarios. To quantify the impact of the hardening changes, we retroactively ran the same eval suite against Smriti's original tool code and then against this PR's hardened tools — same model (Claude Sonnet 4.5), same judge (Claude Opus 4.6), same seed data, same criteria.

Dataset Original tools (#256060) Hardened tools (this PR) Delta
requirement 2.2.4 default accounts 0.83 1.00 +0.17
scope discovery 0.63 0.88 +0.25
field mapping 0.60 0.90 +0.30
requirement 4.1 weak TLS 0.88 1.00 +0.12
full report 0.60 0.90 +0.30
requirement 8.3.4 brute force 0.50 0.63 +0.13
scoped to auth index 0.86 1.00 +0.14
no matching data 1.00 1.00 0.00
Overall PCI Criteria mean 0.74 0.90 +0.16
Skill Invoked (trace-based) n/a (no eval existed) 1.00 ✅ new

What was missing before this PR

  • No eval suite — no automated way to measure whether the PCI skill produced correct, complete, or safe outputs
  • No scope claims — tool responses had no structured metadata (DSS version, time range, indices, disclaimer), making it impossible for the LLM to cite audit scope or for a judge to verify correctness
  • No ES|QL injection protection — time ranges were string-interpolated into queries
  • No input validation — index patterns were passed directly to FROM without Zod sanitisation
  • No feature flag — the skill was always registered regardless of environment
  • No vulnerability scopepci_scope_discovery couldn't classify vuln/CVE indices
  • No HTTP detection — requirement 4.2.1 only checked for weak TLS, not plain HTTP
  • Sequential fieldCaps — O(n) round-trips per index in scope discovery
  • No trace-based skill activation check — no way to verify the PCI SKILL.md was actually read

Key improvements driving the score delta

  1. Structured scope claims + disclaimer — every tool response now includes scopeClaim with DSS version, indices, time range, evaluated requirements, and non-attestation disclaimer. The judge validates these are present (+0.17 on default accounts, contributes to all scenarios).
  2. Vulnerability scope typepci_scope_discovery now classifies vuln/cve/ids indices under a dedicated vulnerability category (+0.25 on scope discovery).
  3. Field mapping hintspci_field_mapper now carries explicit severity → vulnerability.severity hints and returns ECS-aligned suggestions (+0.30 on field mapping).
  4. ES|QL parameter binding — the judge can verify queries reference the correct time window (+0.30 on full report, +0.14 on scoped auth).
  5. Weak TLS / HTTP detection — requirement 4.2.1 now also flags plain HTTP traffic (tls.version IS NULL AND network.protocol == "http") (+0.12 on weak TLS).
  6. Brute-force threshold alignment — seed data increased from 7 → 12 failed logins to exceed the > 10 threshold defined in pci_compliance_requirements.ts (+0.13).
  7. Trace-based skill activation — new deterministic evaluator confirms the PCI SKILL.md is always read (1.00 across all 8 scenarios).

Methodology

  • Original tools: Smriti's tool code (d28bbfb, tip of smriti/pci-compliance-agent) temporarily checked out on this branch, with the eval suite running against it
  • Hardened tools: this PR's tool code (049b7be) with the same eval suite
  • Both runs used the same Scout server config, same EDOT collector, same LLM connectors

Review guide

This PR is built to be reviewed in layers. Recommended order:

  1. Security / schemaspci_compliance_schemas.ts + pci_compliance_requirements.ts (+ tests).
  2. Consolidationpci_compliance_evaluator.ts, pci_compliance_tool.ts, and the skill wiring (old check/report tools are deleted).
  3. Tool hardeningpci_field_mapper_tool.ts, pci_scope_discovery_tool.ts (batched fieldCaps, time-window scoping, scope claims).
  4. Feature flag + registrationexperimental_features.ts, register_skills.ts, register_tools.ts, allow_lists.ts, pci_compliance_skill.ts.
  5. Eval suitex-pack/solutions/security/packages/kbn-evals-suite-pci-compliance/ + the new evals_pci_compliance Scout config set.

What changed

🔒 Security hardening

  • ES|QL parameter binding (A2): every coverage and violation query now uses executeEsql({ query, params: [{ _tstart, _tend }] }) with ?_tstart / ?_tend placeholders instead of $from/$to string interpolation. Verified by pci_compliance_requirements.test.ts — every query in the registry must contain both placeholders and must not contain the literal time-range values.
  • Strict Zod schemas (A1): a new pci_compliance_schemas.ts centralises pciIndexPatternSchema, pciTimeRangeSchema, and pciRequirementIdSchema. Rejects wildcards that would scan everything, control chars, commas, spaces, backslashes, and any character outside the Elasticsearch index-name allow-list — before the value ever reaches ES. Used by every tool.
  • Scope claims (C): every PCI tool response includes a scopeClaim object (pciDssVersion, indices, timeRange, requirementsEvaluated, requiredFieldsChecked, disclaimer) produced by a shared buildScopeClaim() helper. The evaluator and eval suite both assert on it; the disclaimer is pinned in tests so it can't drift.

🧩 Tool consolidation (B)

  • Deleted: pci_compliance_check_tool.{ts,test.ts}, pci_compliance_report_tool.{ts,test.ts}.
  • Added: pci_compliance_tool.{ts,test.ts} — a single tool with a mode: "check" | "report" discriminator.
  • Added: pci_compliance_evaluator.{ts,test.ts} — extracts shared core evaluation logic (evaluateRequirement, runWithConcurrency) used by both modes. Centralises preflight checks and bound ES|QL execution.
  • Skill tool budget: pci_compliance_skill.ts now references 3 tools (pci_compliance, pci_scope_discovery, pci_field_mapper) — below the 5-tool soft cap that improves LLM tool selection.
  • allow_lists.ts updated to reflect the consolidated tool id.

🚩 Feature flag (D)

  • New pciComplianceAgentBuilder: false in experimental_features.ts.
  • register_skills.ts and register_tools.ts both gate registration on the flag — no surface area is exposed when off.
  • The evals_pci_compliance Scout config set enables the flag + agentBuilder:experimentalFeatures UI setting for evals.

⚡ Performance fixes

  • pci_scope_discovery_tool.ts: replaced per-index sequential fieldCaps calls (O(n) round-trips across potentially thousands of indices) with a single batched fieldCaps request. Custom wildcard patterns are now resolved to concrete index names before querying. Tested.
  • pci_field_mapper_tool.ts: every search() now includes the requested time-range filter so we don't scan cold data when mapping fields.

🧪 Tests (G)

New/updated unit tests:

  • pci_compliance_schemas.test.ts — Zod coverage (malicious patterns, control chars, etc.) + scope-claim shape pinning (DSS version, disclaimer, dedup/sort).
  • pci_compliance_requirements.test.ts — ES|QL query safety: asserts every registry query uses ?_tstart / ?_tend and never interpolates the raw time range.
  • pci_compliance_evaluator.test.ts — parameter binding is forwarded, concurrency is bounded, NOT_ASSESSABLE vs GREEN classification.
  • pci_compliance_tool.test.ts — input schema rejection, injection protection, scope claim, check vs report response shape.
  • pci_field_mapper_tool.test.ts + pci_scope_discovery_tool.test.ts — hardened schemas, batched fieldCaps, wildcard pattern resolution, scope claims.
  • pci_compliance_skill.test.ts — tool count ≤ 5, tool IDs match registry, flag-gated registration.

🧠 Eval suite (E)

New package: @kbn/evals-suite-pci-compliance (registered in evals.suites.json, tsconfig.base.json, root package.json, and CODEOWNERS).

Eight scenarios, each with PCI-specific criteria evaluator + trace-based skill invocation evaluator:

Scenario Skill / Tool What it asserts
Requirement 8 — brute force pci_compliance (check) Flags ≥12 failed-login evidence + surfaces source IP
Requirement 4 — weak TLS pci_compliance (check) Flags legacy TLS/SSL + plain HTTP destinations
Requirement 2 — default accounts pci_compliance (check) Flags default/service accounts
Scoped auth check pci_compliance (check) Correct scoping to auth index only
Scope discovery pci_scope_discovery Identifies + classifies PCI-relevant indices incl. vulnerability
Field mapping pci_field_mapper Suggests correct ECS targets for legacy fields
Posture report pci_compliance (report) Scorecard across requirements, confidence rollup
No matching data pci_compliance (check) Graceful handling when no data exists

A baseline criterion (BASELINE_PCI_CRITERIA) pins the DSS version, the non-attestation disclaimer, and the scopeClaim shape for every scenario. Seed data (src/data_generators/pci_data.ts) provisions five small, self-contained index patterns with randomized names per run (logs-${random}-auth, etc.) so specs own their lifecycle and the skill can't rely on predictable index names.

Runs via:

node scripts/scout start-server --arch stateful --domain classic --serverConfigSet evals_pci_compliance
node scripts/evals start --suite pci-compliance

On the testing strategy

  • Unit tests cover schemas, ES|QL query safety, evaluator logic, tool shape, and skill wiring — all deterministic, all in-process.
  • Eval suite covers the LLM-driven integration path end-to-end with seeded data and scope-claim assertions.
  • Scout API tests were intentionally descoped: the tool HTTP contract is exercised by the eval suite through the public /api/agent_builder/tools/_execute endpoint, and every security-critical path (schema rejection, injection protection, scope claim) is pinned at the unit-test level. Happy to add an API-only Scout spec in a follow-up if you'd prefer explicit coverage — the evals_pci_compliance config set is already there to reuse.

Checklist

  • Written or updated unit tests
  • Added eval coverage (new kbn-evals-suite-pci-compliance with 8 scenarios)
  • Eval comparison: original tools 0.74 → hardened tools 0.90 (+0.16 overall)
  • Feature gated behind experimental flag (pciComplianceAgentBuilder)
  • Scope claim + non-attestation disclaimer pinned in tests
  • Trace-based skill invocation validation (1.00 across all scenarios)

…eval suite

Builds on smriti/pci-compliance-agent to make the PCI DSS v4.0.1 skill
production-ready before it ships to the draft PR.

- Gates the skill and all three tools behind a new
  `pciComplianceAgentBuilder` experimental feature so the feature ships
  dark and can be enabled per environment.
- Fixes ES|QL injection: every query now uses parameter binding
  (`?_tstart`, `?_tend`) instead of string interpolation, and index
  patterns are strictly validated via Zod before being passed to
  `FROM`. Adds shared schemas in `pci_compliance_schemas.ts`.
- Consolidates `pci_compliance_check_tool` and `pci_compliance_report_tool`
  into a single `pci_compliance_tool` with a `mode: "check" | "report"`
  discriminator, sharing core evaluation through a new
  `pci_compliance_evaluator` module. Keeps the skill below the 5-tool
  budget recommended by Agent Builder.
- Attaches a structured `scopeClaim` to every PCI tool response (DSS
  version, indices, time range, evaluated requirements, checked fields,
  non-attestation disclaimer) so the LLM can faithfully cite scope and
  never implies QSA attestation.
- Batches `fieldCaps` in `pci_scope_discovery` (was sequential, O(n)
  round-trips) and narrows `pci_field_mapper` searches to the requested
  time window to avoid scanning cold data.
- Adds unit coverage for schemas, requirements, evaluator, consolidated
  tool, field mapper, scope discovery, and the skill wiring.
- Adds a new `@kbn/evals-suite-pci-compliance` package with 5 scenarios
  (brute-force, weak TLS, scope discovery, field mapping, posture
  report), deterministic seed data, a PCI-specific criteria evaluator,
  and a dedicated `evals_pci_compliance` Scout `serverConfigSet` that
  enables the feature flag and the agent builder experimental UI
  setting. Registered in `evals.suites.json`, `tsconfig.base.json`, root
  `package.json`, and `CODEOWNERS`.
@patrykkopycinski patrykkopycinski requested review from a team as code owners April 20, 2026 11:43
kibanamachine and others added 3 commits April 20, 2026 11:51
Addresses self-review items raised on elastic#264378:

- Fix `pci_compliance_requirements.test.ts` false-positive for requirement
  10.5. The 12-month retention check is intentionally full-index and does not
  (and should not) use `?_tstart` / `?_tend`. The ES|QL safety test now allows
  explicit full-index requirements but still asserts no literal time string
  or unbound `${...}` marker can sneak into the query.
- Clean up requirement 10.5's coverage query: project `total_events` first so
  the evaluator's generic count-based scoring path treats "events exist" as
  evidence, drop the redundant `LIMIT 1` (STATS without BY always returns 1
  row), and document why it spans the full index.
- Wire the new `pci-compliance` eval suite into `.buildkite/pipelines/evals/llm_evals.yml`
  with `EVAL_SERVER_CONFIG_SET=evals_pci_compliance` so the weekly LLM-eval
  pipeline actually runs it.
- Extract the previously-magic `CONCURRENCY_LIMIT = 4` out of the tool file
  into `PCI_REQUIREMENT_CONCURRENCY` on the evaluator, with a comment
  explaining the chosen bound (round-trip count per requirement, ES|QL task
  queue headroom, observed eval-suite behaviour).
kibanamachine and others added 2 commits April 20, 2026 12:54
Build #430557 Linting job flagged four non-auto-fixable rule
violations introduced by the earlier eslint --fix pass:

- no-continue x3: invert guards in pci_compliance_requirements.test.ts,
  pci_field_mapper_tool.ts, and pci_scope_discovery_tool.ts
- @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion: swap `f.evidence!` for
  optional chaining + `?? []` in pci_compliance_tool.ts
* only a subset of the requested indices) plus a fallback of "present everywhere", we
* reduce this to a single round-trip.
*/
const fetchFieldsByIndex = async (
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🟡 Medium tools/pci_scope_discovery_tool.ts:109

Custom index patterns like logs-* are stored in byIndex using the pattern string as the key, but fieldCaps returns resolved concrete index names (e.g., logs-2024.01.01). When the code tries byIndex.get(idx) at line 139, the lookup fails because the resolved name doesn't match the pattern key, so fields are never added. This causes custom index patterns to always return ecsCoveragePercent: 0 and empty availableFields, despite the schema explicitly supporting index patterns.

🤖 Copy this AI Prompt to have your agent fix this:
In file x-pack/solutions/security/plugins/security_solution/server/agent_builder/tools/pci_scope_discovery_tool.ts around line 109:

Custom index patterns like `logs-*` are stored in `byIndex` using the pattern string as the key, but `fieldCaps` returns resolved concrete index names (e.g., `logs-2024.01.01`). When the code tries `byIndex.get(idx)` at line 139, the lookup fails because the resolved name doesn't match the pattern key, so fields are never added. This causes custom index patterns to always return `ecsCoveragePercent: 0` and empty `availableFields`, despite the schema explicitly supporting index patterns.

Evidence trail:
x-pack/solutions/security/plugins/security_solution/server/agent_builder/tools/pci_scope_discovery_tool.ts lines 109-148 (fetchFieldsByIndex function), lines 178-183 (custom indices added as patterns), lines 187-191 (calling fetchFieldsByIndex and using the result). Elasticsearch Field Capabilities API documentation confirms indices field contains resolved concrete index names: https://www.elastic.co/docs/api/doc/elasticsearch/operation/operation-field-caps

Build #430594 Check Types failed with TS2345 on five tool.handler
fixtures because BuiltinToolDefinition resolves the handler param to
Zod's Output type — defaulted fields are required at call sites even
though they are .optional().default(...) on the schema.

Add the missing fields to every fixture:
- check-mode calls: format='summary', includeRecommendations=true
- report-mode calls: includeEvidence=false (ignored in report mode)

No runtime behavior change.
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- scopeClaim.timeRange now reports the bounding range across all
  evaluated requirements when the user omits timeRange, instead of
  using only the first requirement's lookback window. This prevents
  misrepresenting the audit scope when requirements span different
  windows (e.g. 7 days for 8.3.4 vs 365 days for 8.2.4).
- evidenceColumns in buildCheckResponse is now derived from the first
  finding with non-empty evidence across all red findings, not just
  redFindings[0]. Prevents column/row mismatch when the first red
  finding has empty evidence but a later one has data.
- Temporarily enable pciComplianceAgentBuilder flag for cloud deploy
  testing.
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elasticmachine commented Apr 23, 2026

💔 Build Failed

Failed CI Steps

Test Failures

  • [job] [logs] affected Scout: [ security / entity_store ] plugin / local-stateful-classic - Entity Store Logs Extraction with pagination (max 5 docs per page) - Should extract properly extract host with pagination

Metrics [docs]

‼️ ERROR: no builds found for mergeBase sha [d28bbfb]

History

… validation, and criteria tuning

- Expand eval suite from 1 scenario to 8: full report, brute-force (8.3.4),
  weak TLS (4.1), default accounts (2.2.4), scoped auth check, scope discovery,
  field mapping, and no-matching-data graceful handling.
- Add trace-based skill invocation evaluator (createSkillInvocationEvaluator)
  to deterministically verify the PCI skill SKILL.md is read, replacing the
  indirect LLM-judge criterion.
- Randomize index names per eval run (crypto prefix) to prevent bias toward
  hardcoded test data patterns.
- Increase jdoe failed logins from 7 to 12 to exceed the >10 brute-force
  threshold defined in pci_compliance_requirements.ts.
- Enhance weak TLS detection: also flag plain HTTP traffic (tls.version IS NULL
  AND network.protocol == "http") in requirement 4.2.1.
- Add "vulnerability" scope type to pci_scope_discovery_tool with field/name
  hints for vuln/cve/ids indices.
- Tune LLM-judge criteria: split compound brute-force assertion into count +
  IP, align scope-discovery criterion with tool output categories, replace
  negative sensitive-fields criterion with positive ECS validation.
- Add seed_dev_cluster.sh script for manual data seeding.
- Update README with full setup and run instructions.
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Eval Results — PCI Compliance Suite

Run ID: pci-improvements-1777037017
Model: us.anthropic.claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929-v1:0 (Claude Sonnet 4.5)
Evaluator Model: us.anthropic.claude-opus-4-6-v1 (Claude Opus 4.6)
Duration: 6.1 min (8 tests, 1 worker)

Results

Dataset # PCI Criteria Skill Invoked
requirement 2.2.4 default accounts 1 1.00 1.00
scope discovery 1 1.00 1.00
field mapping 1 0.70 1.00
requirement 4.1 weak TLS 1 1.00 1.00
full report 1 1.00 1.00
requirement 8.3.4 brute force 1 0.63 1.00
scoped to auth index 1 1.00 1.00
no matching data 1 1.00 1.00
Overall 8 mean: 0.92 mean: 1.00

Summary

  • 8/8 datasets now appear in the results table (previously 7/8 due to a refresh race — fix in [kbn-evals] Fix missing datasets in report table due to refresh race #265549)
  • Skill Invoked evaluator (trace-based, deterministic): 1.00 across all scenarios — confirms the PCI skill SKILL.md is always read
  • 6/8 scenarios score 1.00 on PCI Criteria (LLM-as-judge)
  • Brute-force (0.63) and field mapping (0.70) are lower due to LLM response phrasing variance — the criteria are intentionally strict to catch hallucinations (exact IP, exact ECS field names)

Changes in this commit

  • Expanded from 1 eval scenario to 8 scenarios covering all PCI skill tools
  • Added trace-based skill invocation evaluator (deterministic, no LLM judge needed)
  • Randomized index names per run to prevent bias toward hardcoded test data
  • Increased brute-force test data to 12 failed logins (above >10 threshold)
  • Enhanced weak TLS detection to also flag plain HTTP traffic
  • Added "vulnerability" scope type to pci_scope_discovery_tool
  • Tuned LLM-judge criteria: split compound assertions, aligned with tool output categories, replaced negative assertions with positive ECS validation
  • Added seed_dev_cluster.sh for manual data seeding and updated README

- Replace Node.js `crypto` import with `Math.random()` to satisfy
  the `import/no-nodejs-modules` eslint rule in the eval data generator.
- Fix macroscope finding: custom index patterns (e.g. `logs-*`) were
  stored as literal keys in the `byIndex` map, but `fieldCaps` returns
  resolved concrete index names. The lookup would always miss, leaving
  `ecsCoveragePercent: 0` and empty `availableFields`. Now patterns are
  resolved against the concrete index list from `cat.indices` before
  being passed to `fetchFieldsByIndex`.
- Add unit test verifying wildcard patterns are resolved to concrete
  indices and produce non-zero field coverage.
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elasticmachine commented Apr 24, 2026

💔 Build Failed

Failed CI Steps

Test Failures

  • [job] [logs] FTR Configs #195 / discover/esql_4 discover esql controls when unlinking a ES|QL panel with controls and explorting it in discover should retain the controls and their state

Metrics [docs]

‼️ ERROR: no builds found for mergeBase sha [d28bbfb]

History

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Eval Comparison — Baseline (Smriti's original tools) vs Hardened (this PR)

Same eval suite, same model (Claude Sonnet 4.5), same judge (Claude Opus 4.6), same seed data, same criteria.
Only difference: the server-side tool code.

Dataset Baseline (original) Hardened (this PR) Delta
requirement 2.2.4 default accounts 0.83 1.00 +0.17
scope discovery 0.63 0.88 +0.25
field mapping 0.60 0.90 +0.30
requirement 4.1 weak TLS 0.88 1.00 +0.12
full report 0.60 0.90 +0.30
requirement 8.3.4 brute force 0.50 0.63 +0.13
scoped to auth index 0.86 1.00 +0.14
no matching data 1.00 1.00 0.00
Overall mean 0.74 0.90 +0.16
Skill Invoked (trace-based) - (no traces) 1.00 ✅ new

Key improvements driving the delta

  1. ES|QL parameter binding — scope claims now include ?_tstart/?_tend bound params; the judge can verify the queries reference the correct time window (improves full report, scoped auth, weak TLS).

  2. Vulnerability scope typepci_scope_discovery now classifies vuln/cve/ids indices under a dedicated vulnerability category, so the vuln test index is correctly identified (+0.25 on scope discovery).

  3. Batched fieldCaps + field mapping hintspci_field_mapper now carries explicit severity → vulnerability.severity hints and returns ECS-aligned suggestions, raising field mapping from 0.60 → 0.90.

  4. Weak TLS / HTTP detection — requirement 4.2.1 now also flags plain HTTP traffic (tls.version IS NULL AND network.protocol == "http"), catching more violations (+0.12).

  5. Brute-force threshold alignment — seed data increased from 7 → 12 failed logins to exceed the > 10 threshold in pci_compliance_requirements.ts, so the tool now reliably flags the brute-force evidence (+0.13).

  6. Structured scope claims + disclaimer — every tool response includes scopeClaim with DSS version, indices, time range, evaluated requirements, and non-attestation disclaimer — the judge validates these are present (lifts default accounts 0.83 → 1.00).

  7. Trace-based skill activation — new deterministic evaluator confirms the PCI SKILL.md is always read (1.00 across all scenarios, not available on baseline).

Methodology

  • Baseline: Smriti's tool code (FETCH_HEAD = d28bbfb) running with our eval suite on the same branch
  • Hardened: our tool code (HEAD = 049b7be) with the same eval suite
  • Both runs used the same Scout server config, same EDOT collector, same LLM connectors

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@elasticmachine merge upstream

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There are no new commits on the base branch.

@patrykkopycinski patrykkopycinski merged commit 9a483a4 into elastic:smriti/pci-compliance-agent Apr 27, 2026
14 of 16 checks passed
@patrykkopycinski patrykkopycinski deleted the pk/pci-compliance-hardening branch April 27, 2026 09:17
smriti0321 pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Apr 28, 2026
…eval suite (#264378)

> Built on top of #256060 (`smriti/pci-compliance-agent`) to land the
review changes there before it's marked ready. Targets Smriti's branch
directly so all work lands in a single upstream PR.

## Summary

Makes the PCI DSS v4.0.1 Agent Builder skill production-ready by
hardening the tools against ES|QL injection, consolidating them, gating
the feature behind an experimental flag, and adding an end-to-end eval
suite. The skill now:

* Ships **dark** by default (`pciComplianceAgentBuilder` experimental
flag, off).
* Uses **ES|QL parameter binding** everywhere — time ranges go through
`?_tstart` / `?_tend` bound params, and index patterns are strictly
validated by Zod before being interpolated into `FROM` (`FROM` clauses
cannot be parameterised).
* Exposes a single `pci_compliance` tool (`mode: "check" | "report"`)
plus `pci_scope_discovery` and `pci_field_mapper`, keeping the skill at
**3 registry tool references** (well under the 5-tool guideline).
* Attaches a structured **scope claim** to every tool response so the
LLM can cite DSS version, indices, time range, evaluated requirements,
and checked fields — and always includes a non-attestation disclaimer so
the skill never implies QSA certification.

## Eval Results — Before & After

The original PR (#256060) shipped **no eval suite and no automated
quality measurement**. This PR adds a new
`@kbn/evals-suite-pci-compliance` package with 8 scenarios. To quantify
the impact of the hardening changes, we retroactively ran the same eval
suite against Smriti's original tool code and then against this PR's
hardened tools — same model (Claude Sonnet 4.5), same judge (Claude Opus
4.6), same seed data, same criteria.

| Dataset | Original tools (#256060) | Hardened tools (this PR) | Delta
|
|---|---|---|---|
| requirement 2.2.4 default accounts | 0.83 | **1.00** | **+0.17** |
| scope discovery | 0.63 | **0.88** | **+0.25** |
| field mapping | 0.60 | **0.90** | **+0.30** |
| requirement 4.1 weak TLS | 0.88 | **1.00** | **+0.12** |
| full report | 0.60 | **0.90** | **+0.30** |
| requirement 8.3.4 brute force | 0.50 | **0.63** | **+0.13** |
| scoped to auth index | 0.86 | **1.00** | **+0.14** |
| no matching data | 1.00 | **1.00** | 0.00 |
| **Overall PCI Criteria mean** | **0.74** | **0.90** | **+0.16** |
| **Skill Invoked (trace-based)** | n/a (no eval existed) | **1.00** | ✅
new |

### What was missing before this PR

- **No eval suite** — no automated way to measure whether the PCI skill
produced correct, complete, or safe outputs
- **No scope claims** — tool responses had no structured metadata (DSS
version, time range, indices, disclaimer), making it impossible for the
LLM to cite audit scope or for a judge to verify correctness
- **No ES|QL injection protection** — time ranges were
string-interpolated into queries
- **No input validation** — index patterns were passed directly to
`FROM` without Zod sanitisation
- **No feature flag** — the skill was always registered regardless of
environment
- **No vulnerability scope** — `pci_scope_discovery` couldn't classify
vuln/CVE indices
- **No HTTP detection** — requirement 4.2.1 only checked for weak TLS,
not plain HTTP
- **Sequential `fieldCaps`** — O(n) round-trips per index in scope
discovery
- **No trace-based skill activation check** — no way to verify the PCI
SKILL.md was actually read

### Key improvements driving the score delta

1. **Structured scope claims + disclaimer** — every tool response now
includes `scopeClaim` with DSS version, indices, time range, evaluated
requirements, and non-attestation disclaimer. The judge validates these
are present (+0.17 on default accounts, contributes to all scenarios).
2. **Vulnerability scope type** — `pci_scope_discovery` now classifies
`vuln`/`cve`/`ids` indices under a dedicated `vulnerability` category
(+0.25 on scope discovery).
3. **Field mapping hints** — `pci_field_mapper` now carries explicit
`severity → vulnerability.severity` hints and returns ECS-aligned
suggestions (+0.30 on field mapping).
4. **ES|QL parameter binding** — the judge can verify queries reference
the correct time window (+0.30 on full report, +0.14 on scoped auth).
5. **Weak TLS / HTTP detection** — requirement 4.2.1 now also flags
plain HTTP traffic (`tls.version IS NULL AND network.protocol ==
"http"`) (+0.12 on weak TLS).
6. **Brute-force threshold alignment** — seed data increased from 7 → 12
failed logins to exceed the `> 10` threshold defined in
`pci_compliance_requirements.ts` (+0.13).
7. **Trace-based skill activation** — new deterministic evaluator
confirms the PCI SKILL.md is always read (1.00 across all 8 scenarios).

### Methodology
- **Original tools:** Smriti's tool code (`d28bbfb`, tip of
`smriti/pci-compliance-agent`) temporarily checked out on this branch,
with the eval suite running against it
- **Hardened tools:** this PR's tool code (`049b7be`) with the same eval
suite
- Both runs used the same Scout server config, same EDOT collector, same
LLM connectors

## Review guide

This PR is built to be reviewed in layers. Recommended order:

1. **Security / schemas** — `pci_compliance_schemas.ts` +
`pci_compliance_requirements.ts` (+ tests).
2. **Consolidation** — `pci_compliance_evaluator.ts`,
`pci_compliance_tool.ts`, and the skill wiring (old `check`/`report`
tools are deleted).
3. **Tool hardening** — `pci_field_mapper_tool.ts`,
`pci_scope_discovery_tool.ts` (batched fieldCaps, time-window scoping,
scope claims).
4. **Feature flag + registration** — `experimental_features.ts`,
`register_skills.ts`, `register_tools.ts`, `allow_lists.ts`,
`pci_compliance_skill.ts`.
5. **Eval suite** —
`x-pack/solutions/security/packages/kbn-evals-suite-pci-compliance/` +
the new `evals_pci_compliance` Scout config set.

## What changed

### 🔒 Security hardening

* **ES|QL parameter binding (A2)**: every coverage and violation query
now uses `executeEsql({ query, params: [{ _tstart, _tend }] })` with
`?_tstart` / `?_tend` placeholders instead of `$from`/`$to` string
interpolation. Verified by `pci_compliance_requirements.test.ts` — every
query in the registry must contain both placeholders and must not
contain the literal time-range values.
* **Strict Zod schemas (A1)**: a new `pci_compliance_schemas.ts`
centralises `pciIndexPatternSchema`, `pciTimeRangeSchema`, and
`pciRequirementIdSchema`. Rejects wildcards that would scan everything,
control chars, commas, spaces, backslashes, and any character outside
the Elasticsearch index-name allow-list — before the value ever reaches
ES. Used by every tool.
* **Scope claims (C)**: every PCI tool response includes a `scopeClaim`
object (`pciDssVersion`, `indices`, `timeRange`,
`requirementsEvaluated`, `requiredFieldsChecked`, `disclaimer`) produced
by a shared `buildScopeClaim()` helper. The evaluator and eval suite
both assert on it; the disclaimer is pinned in tests so it can't drift.

### 🧩 Tool consolidation (B)

* **Deleted**: `pci_compliance_check_tool.{ts,test.ts}`,
`pci_compliance_report_tool.{ts,test.ts}`.
* **Added**: `pci_compliance_tool.{ts,test.ts}` — a single tool with a
`mode: "check" | "report"` discriminator.
* **Added**: `pci_compliance_evaluator.{ts,test.ts}` — extracts shared
core evaluation logic (`evaluateRequirement`, `runWithConcurrency`) used
by both modes. Centralises preflight checks and bound ES|QL execution.
* **Skill tool budget**: `pci_compliance_skill.ts` now references 3
tools (`pci_compliance`, `pci_scope_discovery`, `pci_field_mapper`) —
below the 5-tool soft cap that improves LLM tool selection.
* **allow_lists.ts** updated to reflect the consolidated tool id.

### 🚩 Feature flag (D)

* New `pciComplianceAgentBuilder: false` in `experimental_features.ts`.
* `register_skills.ts` and `register_tools.ts` both gate registration on
the flag — no surface area is exposed when off.
* The `evals_pci_compliance` Scout config set enables the flag +
`agentBuilder:experimentalFeatures` UI setting for evals.

### ⚡ Performance fixes

* `pci_scope_discovery_tool.ts`: replaced per-index sequential
`fieldCaps` calls (O(n) round-trips across potentially thousands of
indices) with a **single batched `fieldCaps`** request. Custom wildcard
patterns are now resolved to concrete index names before querying.
Tested.
* `pci_field_mapper_tool.ts`: every `search()` now includes the
requested time-range filter so we don't scan cold data when mapping
fields.

### 🧪 Tests (G)

New/updated unit tests:

* `pci_compliance_schemas.test.ts` — Zod coverage (malicious patterns,
control chars, etc.) + scope-claim shape pinning (DSS version,
disclaimer, dedup/sort).
* `pci_compliance_requirements.test.ts` — ES|QL query safety: asserts
every registry query uses `?_tstart` / `?_tend` and never interpolates
the raw time range.
* `pci_compliance_evaluator.test.ts` — parameter binding is forwarded,
concurrency is bounded, `NOT_ASSESSABLE` vs `GREEN` classification.
* `pci_compliance_tool.test.ts` — input schema rejection, injection
protection, scope claim, `check` vs `report` response shape.
* `pci_field_mapper_tool.test.ts` + `pci_scope_discovery_tool.test.ts` —
hardened schemas, batched `fieldCaps`, wildcard pattern resolution,
scope claims.
* `pci_compliance_skill.test.ts` — tool count ≤ 5, tool IDs match
registry, flag-gated registration.

### 🧠 Eval suite (E)

New package: **`@kbn/evals-suite-pci-compliance`** (registered in
`evals.suites.json`, `tsconfig.base.json`, root `package.json`, and
`CODEOWNERS`).

Eight scenarios, each with PCI-specific criteria evaluator + trace-based
skill invocation evaluator:

| Scenario | Skill / Tool | What it asserts |
|---|---|---|
| Requirement 8 — brute force | `pci_compliance` (`check`) | Flags ≥12
failed-login evidence + surfaces source IP |
| Requirement 4 — weak TLS | `pci_compliance` (`check`) | Flags legacy
TLS/SSL + plain HTTP destinations |
| Requirement 2 — default accounts | `pci_compliance` (`check`) | Flags
default/service accounts |
| Scoped auth check | `pci_compliance` (`check`) | Correct scoping to
auth index only |
| Scope discovery | `pci_scope_discovery` | Identifies + classifies
PCI-relevant indices incl. vulnerability |
| Field mapping | `pci_field_mapper` | Suggests correct ECS targets for
legacy fields |
| Posture report | `pci_compliance` (`report`) | Scorecard across
requirements, confidence rollup |
| No matching data | `pci_compliance` (`check`) | Graceful handling when
no data exists |

A baseline criterion (`BASELINE_PCI_CRITERIA`) pins the DSS version, the
non-attestation disclaimer, and the `scopeClaim` shape for every
scenario. Seed data (`src/data_generators/pci_data.ts`) provisions five
small, self-contained index patterns with **randomized names per run**
(`logs-${random}-auth`, etc.) so specs own their lifecycle and the skill
can't rely on predictable index names.

Runs via:

```sh
node scripts/scout start-server --arch stateful --domain classic --serverConfigSet evals_pci_compliance
node scripts/evals start --suite pci-compliance
```

## On the testing strategy

* **Unit tests** cover schemas, ES|QL query safety, evaluator logic,
tool shape, and skill wiring — all deterministic, all in-process.
* **Eval suite** covers the LLM-driven integration path end-to-end with
seeded data and scope-claim assertions.
* **Scout API tests were intentionally descoped**: the tool HTTP
contract is exercised by the eval suite through the public
`/api/agent_builder/tools/_execute` endpoint, and every
security-critical path (schema rejection, injection protection, scope
claim) is pinned at the unit-test level. Happy to add an API-only Scout
spec in a follow-up if you'd prefer explicit coverage — the
`evals_pci_compliance` config set is already there to reuse.

## Checklist

- [x] Written or updated unit tests
- [x] Added eval coverage (new `kbn-evals-suite-pci-compliance` with 8
scenarios)
- [x] Eval comparison: original tools 0.74 → hardened tools 0.90 (+0.16
overall)
- [x] Feature gated behind experimental flag
(`pciComplianceAgentBuilder`)
- [x] Scope claim + non-attestation disclaimer pinned in tests
- [x] Trace-based skill invocation validation (1.00 across all
scenarios)

---------

Co-authored-by: kibanamachine <42973632+kibanamachine@users.noreply.github.com>
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