[8.19](backport #45667) Bump prometheus/prometheus to 0.305.0

[mergify]

Proposed commit message

Bump prometheus/prometheus to 0.305.0

This resolves a breaking change to the textparser constructor and some deprecations. Because the internal representation of labels changed, we also needed to update some loops. The changes were caused by the following upstream change: prometheus/prometheus#16228.

This is update blocks the update to Otel 0.130.0 in agent. This is the version of the prometheus library used by the prometheus receiver. When importing both beats and that receiver, we get a conflict. CC @andrzej-stencel

Checklist

• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• [ ] I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• [ ] I have made corresponding change to the default configuration files
• [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• [ ] I have added an entry in CHANGELOG.next.asciidoc or CHANGELOG-developer.next.asciidoc.

Related issues

• Relates Update otel v0.130.0 elastic-agent#9054

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This is an automatic backport of pull request #45667 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

[mergify]

Cherry-pick of d243194 has failed:

On branch mergify/bp/8.19/pr-45667
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/8.19'.

You are currently cherry-picking commit d24319456.
  (fix conflicts and run "git cherry-pick --continue")
  (use "git cherry-pick --skip" to skip this patch)
  (use "git cherry-pick --abort" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)

Changes to be committed:
	modified:   NOTICE.txt
	modified:   metricbeat/helper/prometheus/textparse.go
	modified:   metricbeat/module/openmetrics/collector/data.go

Unmerged paths:
  (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
	deleted by us:   docs/reference/metricbeat/metricbeat-metricset-openmetrics-collector.md
	both modified:   go.mod
	both modified:   go.sum
	both modified:   metricbeat/module/openmetrics/collector/_meta/data.json

To fix up this pull request, you can check it out locally. See documentation: https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/reviewing-changes-in-pull-requests/checking-out-pull-requests-locally

[elasticmachine]

Pinging @elastic/elastic-agent-data-plane (Team:Elastic-Agent-Data-Plane)

[mergify]

This pull request has not been merged yet. Could you please review and merge it @swiatekm? 🙏