[7.17](backport #38175) github-action: support check/lint/pre-commit

[mergify]

Proposed commit message

• WHAT: github-action: support check/lint/pre-commit.
• WHY: remove support in Jenkins for low-hanging fruit. It was partially done in the past in action: run check, check-default and pre-commit #32723

Further actions

• Update branch-protection:
  • Add pre-commit / pre-commit

Checklist

• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• I have made corresponding change to the default configuration files
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• I have added an entry in CHANGELOG.next.asciidoc or CHANGELOG-developer.next.asciidoc.

Author's Checklist

• [ ]

How to test this PR locally

Related issues

Use cases

Screenshots

Logs

---

This is an automatic backport of pull request #38175 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

[mergify]

Cherry-pick of bef2cc6 has failed:

On branch mergify/bp/7.17/pr-38175
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/7.17'.

You are currently cherry-picking commit bef2cc6beb.
  (fix conflicts and run "git cherry-pick --continue")
  (use "git cherry-pick --skip" to skip this patch)
  (use "git cherry-pick --abort" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)

Changes to be committed:
	new file:   .github/workflows/pre-commit.yml

Unmerged paths:
  (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
	both modified:   .pre-commit-config.yaml

To fix up this pull request, you can check it out locally. See documentation: https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/reviewing-changes-in-pull-requests/checking-out-pull-requests-locally

[botelastic]

This pull request doesn't have a Team:<team> label.

[mergify]

This pull request has not been merged yet. Could you please review and merge it @v1v? 🙏