upgrade protobuf to >=5,<6

[ewhauser]

resolves #

dbt-labs/dbt-core#9724

Description

This upgrade dbt-common so that it is compatible with protobuf 5.0 and greater.

Per protobuf release guidelines, there is no guarantee that major version upgrades are compatible across protobuf releases so dbt-core should change it's pinned protobuf version to the as dbt-common when it takes this dependency.

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• I have signed the CLA
• I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• I have opened an issue to add/update docs, or docs changes are not required/relevant for this PR
• I have run changie new to create a changelog entry

[github-actions]

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