Loguru: a header-only C++ logging library.

At a glance

Documentation

Documentation can be found at https://emilk.github.io/loguru/index.html.

License

This software is in the public domain. Where that dedication is not recognized, you are granted a perpetual, irrevocable license to copy and modify this file as you see fit.

That being said, I would appreciate credit! If you find Loguru useful, tweet me at @ernerfeldt mail me at [email protected].

Why another logging library?

I have yet to come across a nice, light-weight logging library for C++ that does everything I want. So I made one!

In particular, I want logging that produces logs that are both human-readable and easily grep:ed. I also want to be able to hook into the logging process to print some of the more severe messages on-screen in my app (for dev-purposes).

Features:

• Header only
  • No linking woes! Just include and enjoy.
• Small, simple library.
  • Small header with no #includes for fast compile times (see separate heading).
  • No dependencies.
  • Cross-platform
• Flexible:
  • User can install callbacks for logging (e.g. to draw log messages on screen in a game).
  • User can install callbacks for fatal error (e.g. to pause an attached debugger or throw an exception).
• Support multiple file outputs, either trunc or append:
  • e.g. a logfile with just the latest run at low verbosity (high readability).
  • e.g. a full logfile at highest verbosity which is appended to on every run.
• Full featured:
  • Verbosity levels.
  • Supports assertions: CHECK_F(fp != nullptr, "Failed to open '%s'", filename)
  • Supports abort: ABORT_F("Something went wrong, debug value is %d", value).
• Stack traces printed on abort.
  • Stack traces are cleaned up somewhat.
    • Before cleanup: some_function_name(std::__1::vector<std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, std::__1::allocator<std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > > > const&)
    • After cleanup: some_function_name(std::vector<std::string> const&)
  • Stack traces are printed the right way:
    • Chronological order with the most relevant at the end.
• (most) signals writes stack traces.
• Fast:
  • When configured in unbuffered mode (loguru::g_flush_interval_ms = 0):
    • 6-8 us when logging to stderr + file (rMBP + SSD + Clang).
    • About 25%-75% faster than GLOG on my MacBook Pro (Clang).
    • About the same as GLOG on my Linux Desktop (GCC).
  • With loguru::g_flush_interval_ms set to ~100 ms:
    • 3-5 us when logging to stderr + file (rMBP + SSD + Clang).
    • About twice as fast as GLOG.
• Drop-in replacement for most of GLOG (except for setup code).
• Choose between using printf-style or std::cout-style formatting.
• Compile-time checked printf-formating (on supported compilers).
• Support for fmtlib formatting.
  • Add #define LOGURU_USE_FMTLIB 1, before including loguru.hpp
  • You also need to set up the fmtlib include directory for building as well as linking against fmtlib, alternatively use the FMT_HEADER_ONLY preprocessor definition.
• Assertion failures are marked with noreturn for the benefit of the static analyzer and optimizer.
• All logging also written to stderr.
  • With colors on supported terminals.
• Thread-safe.
• Can be configured to either:
  • Flush every loguru::g_flush_interval_ms in a background thread
  • Flushes output on each call so you won't miss anything even on hard crashes (and still faster than buffered GLOG!).
• Prefixes each log line with:
  • Date and time to millisecond precision.
  • Application uptime to millisecond precision.
  • Thread name or id (you can set the name with loguru::set_thread_name).
  • File and line.
  • Log level.
  • Indentation (see Scopes).
• Error context:
  • Catch the values of local variables and print them only on a crash (see Error context).
• Scopes (see Scopes).
• grep:able logs:
  • Each line has all the info you need (e.g. date).
  • You can easily filter out high verbosity levels after the fact.

Compiling

Just include <loguru.hpp> where you want to use Loguru. Then, in one .cpp file:

	#define LOGURU_IMPLEMENTATION 1
	#include <loguru.hpp>

Make sure you compile with -std=c++11 -lpthread -ldl on relevant environments.

Usage

#include <loguru.hpp>
...
// Optional, but useful to time-stamp the start of the log.
// Will also detect verbosity level on command line as -v.
loguru::init(argc, argv);

// Put every log message in "everything.log":
loguru::add_file("everything.log", loguru::Append, loguru::Verbosity_MAX);

// Only log INFO, WARNING, ERROR and FATAL to "latest_readable.log":
loguru::add_file("latest_readable.log", loguru::Truncate, loguru::Verbosity_INFO);

// Only show most relevant things on stderr:
loguru::g_stderr_verbosity = 1;

LOG_SCOPE_F(INFO, "Will indent all log messages within this scope.");
LOG_F(INFO, "I'm hungry for some %.3f!", 3.14159);
LOG_F(2, "Will only show if verbosity is 2 or higher");
VLOG_F(get_log_level(), "Use vlog for dynamic log level (integer in the range 0-9, inclusive)");
LOG_IF_F(ERROR, badness, "Will only show if badness happens");
auto fp = fopen(filename, "r");
CHECK_F(fp != nullptr, "Failed to open file '%s'", filename);
CHECK_GT_F(length, 0); // Will print the value of `length` on failure.
CHECK_EQ_F(a, b, "You can also supply a custom message, like to print something: %d", a + b);

// Each function also comes with a version prefixed with D for Debug:
DCHECK_F(expensive_check(x)); // Only checked #if !NDEBUG
DLOG_F(INFO, "Only written in debug-builds");

// Turn off writing to stderr:
loguru::g_stderr_verbosity = loguru::Verbosity_OFF;

// Turn off writing err/warn in red:
loguru::g_colorlogtostderr = false;

// Throw exceptions instead of aborting on CHECK fails:
loguru::set_fatal_handler([](const loguru::Message& message){
	throw std::runtime_error(std::string(message.prefix) + message.message);
});

If you prefer logging with streams:

#define LOGURU_WITH_STREAMS 1
#include <loguru.hpp>
...
LOG_S(INFO) << "Look at my custom object: " << a.cross(b);
CHECK_EQ_S(pi, 3.14) << "Maybe it is closer to " << M_PI;

Grep:able logs

# Only show warnings, errors and fatal messages:
cat logfile.txt | egrep "[^0-9]\|"

# Ignore verbosity-levels 4 and above:
cat logfile.txt | egrep "[^4-9]\|"

# Only show verbosity-level 6:
cat logfile.txt | egrep "6\|"

# Only show messages from the main thread:
cat logfile.txt | egrep "\[main thread     \]"

No includes in loguru.h

I abhor logging libraries that #include's everything from iostream to windows.h into every compilation unit in your project. Logging should be frequent in your source code, and thus as lightweight as possible. Loguru's header has no #includes. This means it will not slow down the compilation of your project.

In a test of a medium-sized project, including loguru.hpp instead of glog/logging.hpp everywhere gave about 10% speedup in compilation times.

Note, however, that this gives you the bare-bones version of Loguru with printf-style logging. If you want std::ostream style logging (or GLOG functionality) you need to #define LOGURU_WITH_STREAMS 1 before #include <loguru.hpp>, and that will make loguru.hpp include <sstream>. No away around it!

Scopes

The library supports scopes for indenting the log-file. Here's an example:

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	loguru::init(argc, argv);
	LOG_SCOPE_FUNCTION(INFO);
	LOG_F(INFO, "Doing some stuff...");
	for (int i=0; i<2; ++i) {
		VLOG_SCOPE_F(1, "Iteration %d", i);
		auto result = some_expensive_operation();
		LOG_IF_F(WARNING, result == BAD, "Bad result");
	}
	LOG_F(INFO, "Time to go!");
	return 0;
}

This will output:

date       time         ( uptime  ) [ thread name/id ]                   file:line     v|
2015-10-04 15:28:30.547 (   0.000s) [main thread     ]             loguru.cpp:184      0| arguments:       ./loguru_test test -v1
2015-10-04 15:28:30.548 (   0.000s) [main thread     ]             loguru.cpp:185      0| Verbosity level: 1
2015-10-04 15:28:30.548 (   0.000s) [main thread     ]             loguru.cpp:186      0| -----------------------------------
2015-10-04 15:28:30.548 (   0.000s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:108      0| { int main_test(int, char **)
2015-10-04 15:28:30.548 (   0.000s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:109      0| .   Doing some stuff...
2015-10-04 15:28:30.548 (   0.000s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:111      1| .   { Iteration 0
2015-10-04 15:28:30.681 (   0.133s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:111      1| .   } 0.133 s: Iteration 0
2015-10-04 15:28:30.681 (   0.133s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:111      1| .   { Iteration 1
2015-10-04 15:28:30.815 (   0.267s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:113      0| .   .   Bad result
2015-10-04 15:28:30.815 (   0.267s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:111      1| .   } 0.134 s: Iteration 1
2015-10-04 15:28:30.815 (   0.267s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:115      0| .   Time to go!
2015-10-04 15:28:30.815 (   0.267s) [main thread     ]        loguru_test.cpp:108      0| } 0.267 s: int main_test(int, char **)

Which looks like this in the terminal:

(Notice how verbosity levels higher than 0 are slightly gray).

Scopes affects logging on all threads.

Error context

A stack trace gives you the names of the function at the point of a crash. With ERROR_CONTEXT, you can also get the values of select local variables. ERROR_CONTEXT is in effect a logging that only occurs if there is a crash.

Usage:

void process_customers(const std::string& filename)
{
    ERROR_CONTEXT("Processing file", filename.c_str());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_customers; ++i) {
	    ERROR_CONTEXT("Customer index", i);
	    if (i == 42) { crashy_code(); }
    }
}

The context is in effect during the scope of the ERROR_CONTEXT. To get the contents of the stack manually, use loguru::get_error_context().

Example result:

------------------------------------------------
[ErrorContext]                main.cpp:416   Processing file:    "customers.json"
[ErrorContext]                main.cpp:417   Customer index:     42
------------------------------------------------

Error contexts are printed automatically on crashes. Note that values captured by ERROR_CONTEXT are only printed on a crash. They do not litter the log file otherwise. They also have a very small performance hit (about 12 nanoseconds per ERROR_CONTEXT on my MacBook Pro, compared to about 4-7 milliseconds a line in the logfile).

ERROR_CONTEXT works with built-in types (float, int, char etc) as well as const char*. You can also add support for your own types by overloading loguru::ec_to_text (see loguru.hpp for details).

The ERROR_CONTEXT feature of Loguru is actually orthogonal to the logging. If you want to, you can use Loguru just for its ERROR_CONTEXT (and use some other library for logging). You can print the error context stack at any time like this:

auto text = loguru::get_error_context();
printf("%s", text.c_str());
some_stream << text.c_str(); // Or like this

Streams vs printf#

Some logging libraries only supports stream style logging, not printf-style. This means that what in Loguru is:

LOG_F(INFO, "Some float: %+05.3f", number);

in Glog becomes something along the lines of:

LOG(INFO) << "Some float: " << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(5) << std::setprecision(3) << number;

Loguru allows you to use whatever style you prefer.

Limitations and TODO

• Rename ERROR to avoid conflict with windows.h macro?
• File-only logging: LOG_F(FILE, "Always written to file, never to stderr")
• Windows limitations:
  • No stack-traces (you can add them yourself with loguru::set_fatal_handler).
  • No signal handlers.