defer: enable loop lowering

.github/actions/setup-deps/action.yml

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ runs:
     - name: Install macOS dependencies
       if: runner.os == 'macOS'
       shell: bash
+      env:
+        HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALLED_DEPENDENTS_CHECK: 1
       run: |
         brew update
 

.github/workflows/doc.yml

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ on:
     branches:
       - "**"
       - "!dependabot/**"
+      - "!xgopilot/**"
   pull_request:
     branches: ["**"]
 
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
           node-version: "20"
 

.github/workflows/fmt.yml

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ on:
     branches:
       - "**"
       - "!dependabot/**"
+      - "!xgopilot/**"
   pull_request:
     branches: ["**"]
 

.github/workflows/go.yml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ on:
     branches:
       - "**"
       - "!dependabot/**"
+      - "!xgopilot/**"
   pull_request:
     branches: ["**"]
 

.github/workflows/llgo.yml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ on:
     branches:
       - "**"
       - "!dependabot/**"
+      - "!xgopilot/**"
   pull_request:
     branches: ["**"]
 
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ jobs:
           wget -P ./_demo/c/llama2-c https://huggingface.co/karpathy/tinyllamas/resolve/main/stories15M.bin
 
       - name: Upload model as artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
         with:
           name: llama2-model
           path: ./_demo/c/llama2-c/stories15M.bin
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           llvm-version: ${{matrix.llvm}}
       - name: Download model artifact
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
         with:
           name: llama2-model
           path: ./_demo/c/llama2-c/

.github/workflows/release-build.yml

@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ name: Release Build
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: ["**"]
+    branches:
+      - "**"
+      - "!dependabot/**"
+      - "!xgopilot/**"
     tags: ["*"]
   pull_request:
     branches: ["**"]
@@ -79,39 +82,39 @@ jobs:
             release --verbose --skip=publish,nfpm,snapcraft --snapshot --clean
 
       - name: Upload Darwin AMD64 Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
         with:
           name: llgo-darwin-amd64
           path: .dist/*darwin-amd64.tar.gz
           retention-days: 3
           include-hidden-files: true
 
       - name: Upload Darwin ARM64 Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
         with:
           name: llgo-darwin-arm64
           path: .dist/*darwin-arm64.tar.gz
           retention-days: 3
           include-hidden-files: true
 
       - name: Upload Linux AMD64 Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
         with:
           name: llgo-linux-amd64
           path: .dist/*linux-amd64.tar.gz
           retention-days: 3
           include-hidden-files: true
 
       - name: Upload Linux ARM64 Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
         with:
           name: llgo-linux-arm64
           path: .dist/*linux-arm64.tar.gz
           retention-days: 3
           include-hidden-files: true
 
       - name: Upload Checksums
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
         with:
           name: llgo-checksums
           path: .dist/*checksums.txt
@@ -155,7 +158,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           go-version: ${{ matrix.go-version }}
       - name: Download Platform Artifact
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
         with:
           name: llgo-${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}
           path: .

.github/workflows/targets.yml

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ on:
     branches:
       - "**"
       - "!dependabot/**"
+      - "!xgopilot/**"
   pull_request:
     branches: ["**"]
 

CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+# LLGo Project AI Assistant Guide
+
+This document provides essential information for AI assistants to help fix bugs and implement features in the LLGo project.
+
+## About LLGo
+
+LLGo is a Go compiler based on LLVM designed to better integrate Go with the C ecosystem, including Python and JavaScript. It's a subproject of the XGo project that aims to expand the boundaries of Go/XGo for game development, AI and data science, WebAssembly, and embedded development.
+
+## Project Structure
+
+- `cmd/llgo` - Main llgo compiler command (usage similar to `go` command)
+- `cl/` - Core compiler logic that converts Go packages to LLVM IR
+- `ssa/` - LLVM IR file generation using Go SSA semantics
+- `internal/build/` - Build process orchestration
+- `runtime/` - LLGo runtime library
+- `chore/` - Development tools (llgen, llpyg, ssadump, etc.)
+- `_demo/` - Example programs demonstrating C/C++ interop (`c/hello`, `c/qsort`) and Python integration (`py/callpy`, `py/numpy`)
+- `_cmptest/` - Comparison tests to verify the same program gets the same output with Go and LLGo
+
+## Development Environment
+
+For detailed dependency requirements and installation instructions, see the [Dependencies](README.md#dependencies) and [How to install](README.md#how-to-install) sections in the README.
+
+## Testing & Validation
+
+The following commands and workflows are essential when fixing bugs or implementing features in the LLGo project:
+
+### Run all tests
+```bash
+go test ./...
+```
+
+**Note:** Some tests may fail if optional dependencies (like Python) are not properly configured. The test suite includes comprehensive tests for:
+- Compiler functionality
+- SSA generation
+- C interop
+- Python integration (requires Python development headers)
+
+### Write and run tests for your changes
+
+When adding new functionality or fixing bugs, create appropriate test cases:
+
+```bash
+# Add your test to the relevant package's *_test.go file
+# Then run tests for that package
+go test ./path/to/package
+
+# Or run all tests
+go test ./...
+```
+
+**Important:** The `LLGO_ROOT` environment variable must be set to the repository root when running llgo commands during development.
+
+### Update out.ll files after modifying compiler IR generation
+
+**CRITICAL:** When you modify the compiler's IR generation logic (especially in `ssa/` or `cl/` packages), you MUST update all out.ll test files under the `cl/` directory.
+
+#### Understanding out.ll files
+
+The `out.ll` files under the `cl/` directory are comparison IR files that serve as reference outputs for the test suite:
+- They are generated by `llgen` from the corresponding `in.go` files in the same directory
+- They reflect the current compiler's LLVM IR representation of the Go source code
+- They are used by tests to verify that the compiler generates correct and consistent IR output
+
+#### Required steps after modifying IR generation logic
+
+1. **Reinstall the tools** to apply your compiler changes:
+   ```bash
+   go install -v ./chore/gentests
+   go install -v ./chore/llgen
+   ```
+
+2. **Regenerate out.ll files**:
+
+   **For batch updates (recommended)** - Use `gentests` to regenerate all test files:
+   ```bash
+   gentests
+   ```
+   This will automatically regenerate all out.ll files in these directories:
+   - `cl/_testlibc`
+   - `cl/_testlibgo`
+   - `cl/_testrt`
+   - `cl/_testgo`
+   - `cl/_testpy`
+   - `cl/_testdata`
+
+   **For individual test inspection** - Use `llgen` to regenerate specific test directories:
+   ```bash
+   llgen cl/_testgo/interface
+   llgen cl/_testrt/tpmethod
+   ```
+
+3. **Verify the changes** make sense by reviewing the diff in the out.ll files
+
+4. **Commit the updated out.ll files** along with your compiler changes
+
+#### Why this matters
+
+This process ensures that:
+- The test suite reflects the current compiler behavior
+- Changes to IR generation are properly documented and reviewed
+- Future regressions can be detected by comparing against the reference output
+
+## Code Quality
+
+Before submitting any code updates, you must run the following formatting and validation commands:
+
+### Format code
+```bash
+go fmt ./...
+```
+
+**Important:** Always run `go fmt ./...` before committing code changes. This ensures consistent code formatting across the project.
+
+### Run static analysis
+```bash
+go vet ./...
+```
+
+**Note:** Currently reports some issues related to lock passing by value in `ssa/type_cvt.go` and a possible unsafe.Pointer misuse in `cl/builtin_test.go`. These are known issues.
+
+
+## Common Development Tasks
+
+### Build the entire project
+```bash
+go build -v ./...
+```
+
+### Build llgo command specifically
+```bash
+go build -o llgo ./cmd/llgo
+```
+
+### Check llgo version
+```bash
+llgo version
+```
+
+### Install llgo for system-wide use
+```bash
+./install.sh
+```
+
+### Build development tools
+```bash
+go install -v ./cmd/...
+go install -v ./chore/...
+```
+
+## Key Modules for Understanding
+
+- `ssa` - Generates LLVM IR using Go SSA semantics
+- `cl` - Core compiler converting Go to LLVM IR
+- `internal/build` - Orchestrates the compilation process
+
+## Debugging
+
+### Disable Garbage Collection
+For testing purposes, you can disable GC:
+```bash
+LLGO_ROOT=/path/to/llgo llgo run -tags nogc .
+```
+
+## LLGO_ROOT Environment Variable
+
+**CRITICAL:** Always set `LLGO_ROOT` to the repository root when running llgo during development:
+
+```bash
+export LLGO_ROOT=/path/to/llgo
+# or
+LLGO_ROOT=/path/to/llgo llgo run .
+```
+
+## Important Notes
+
+1. **Testing Requirement:** All bug fixes and features MUST include tests
+2. **Demo Directory:** Examples in `_demo` are prefixed with `_` to prevent standard `go` command from trying to compile them
+3. **Defer in Loops:** LLGo intentionally does not support `defer` in loops (considered bad practice)
+4. **C Ecosystem Integration:** LLGo uses `go:linkname` directive to link external symbols through ABI
+5. **Python Integration:** Third-party Python libraries require separate installation of library files
+

README.md

@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ All Go syntax (including `cgo`) is already supported. Here are some examples:
 
 ### Defer
 
-LLGo `defer` does not support usage in loops. This is not a bug but a feature, because we think that using `defer` in a loop is a very unrecommended practice.
+LLGo now supports `defer` within loops, matching Go's semantics of executing defers in LIFO order for every iteration. The usual caveat from Go still applies: be mindful of loop-heavy defer usage because it allocates per iteration.
 
 
 ### Garbage Collection (GC)
@@ -323,6 +323,7 @@ Here are the Go packages that can be imported correctly:
 * [hash/adler32](https://pkg.go.dev/hash/adler32)
 * [hash/crc32](https://pkg.go.dev/hash/crc32) (partially)
 * [hash/crc64](https://pkg.go.dev/hash/crc64)
+* [hash/maphash](https://pkg.go.dev/hash/maphash) (partially)
 * [crypto](https://pkg.go.dev/crypto)
 * [crypto/md5](https://pkg.go.dev/crypto/md5)
 * [crypto/sha1](https://pkg.go.dev/crypto/sha1)

_demo/c/stacksave/stacksave_amd64.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//go:build amd64
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"unsafe"
+	_ "unsafe"
+)
+
+//go:linkname getsp llgo.stackSave
+func getsp() unsafe.Pointer
+
+//go:linkname asmFull llgo.asm
+func asmFull(instruction string, regs map[string]any) uintptr { return 0 }
+
+func main() {
+	sp := asmFull("movq %rsp, {}", nil)
+
+	if sp != uintptr(getsp()) {
+		panic("invalid stack pointer")
+	}
+}

_demo/c/stacksave/stacksave_arm64.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//go:build arm64
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"unsafe"
+	_ "unsafe"
+)
+
+//go:linkname getsp llgo.stackSave
+func getsp() unsafe.Pointer
+
+//go:linkname asmFull llgo.asm
+func asmFull(instruction string, regs map[string]any) uintptr { return 0 }
+
+func main() {
+	sp := asmFull("mov {}, sp", nil)
+
+	if sp != uintptr(getsp()) {
+		panic("invalid stack pointer")
+	}
+}