Tangent stripping functionality

[AstitvaAggarwal]

closes issue #472 and other related issues.

[github-actions]

Mooncake.jl documentation for PR #683 is available at:
https://chalk-lab.github.io/Mooncake.jl/previews/PR683/

[github-actions]

Performance Ratio:
Ratio of time to compute gradient and time to compute function.
Warning: results are very approximate! See here for more context.

┌────────────────────────────┬──────────┬──────────┬─────────┬─────────────┬─────────┐
│                      Label │   Primal │ Mooncake │  Zygote │ ReverseDiff │  Enzyme │
│                     String │   String │   String │  String │      String │  String │
├────────────────────────────┼──────────┼──────────┼─────────┼─────────────┼─────────┤
│                   sum_1000 │ 100.0 ns │      1.8 │     1.0 │        5.51 │    8.21 │
│                  _sum_1000 │ 941.0 ns │     6.76 │  1530.0 │        33.1 │    1.09 │
│               sum_sin_1000 │  6.89 μs │     2.07 │    1.61 │        10.0 │    2.06 │
│              _sum_sin_1000 │  5.77 μs │     2.39 │   246.0 │        12.0 │    2.26 │
│                   kron_sum │ 365.0 μs │     36.0 │    4.89 │       203.0 │    11.8 │
│              kron_view_sum │ 375.0 μs │     37.4 │    10.3 │       220.0 │    6.08 │
│      naive_map_sin_cos_exp │  2.13 μs │     2.19 │ missing │        7.13 │    2.34 │
│            map_sin_cos_exp │  2.16 μs │     2.38 │    1.48 │        6.06 │    2.85 │
│      broadcast_sin_cos_exp │  2.26 μs │     2.26 │    2.33 │        1.46 │    2.24 │
│                 simple_mlp │ 196.0 μs │      6.4 │    1.67 │        12.2 │    3.42 │
│                     gp_lml │ 242.0 μs │     9.07 │    3.73 │     missing │    6.73 │
│ turing_broadcast_benchmark │  1.96 ms │     3.54 │ missing │        25.3 │ missing │
│         large_single_block │ 390.0 ns │     4.39 │  4670.0 │        31.0 │    2.18 │
└────────────────────────────┴──────────┴──────────┴─────────┴─────────────┴─────────┘

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.

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