Commenting the code

main.py

@@ -1,57 +1,69 @@
+# Import necessary libraries for the game.
 import pygame
 import random
 
+# Initialize Pygame and set up the game window.
 pygame.init()
-square_width = 750
-pixel_width = 50
-screen = pygame.display.set_mode([square_width] * 2)
-clock = pygame.time.Clock()
-running = True
+square_width = 750 # Width of the game window.
+pixel_width = 50 # Size of the pixels (snake and target blocks).
+screen = pygame.display.set_mode([square_width] * 2) # Create the game window.
+clock = pygame.time.Clock() # Clock to control the refresh rate.
+running = True # Control variable for the main game loop.
 
 
+# Function to generate random starting positions within the game area.
 def generate_starting_position():
     position_range = (pixel_width // 2, square_width - pixel_width // 2, pixel_width)
     return [random.randrange(*position_range), random.randrange(*position_range)]
 
 
+# Function to reset the game when the snake dies or is restarted.
 def reset():
     target.center = generate_starting_position()
     snake_pixel.center = generate_starting_position()
     return snake_pixel.copy()
 
 
+# Function to check if the snake has gone out of bounds.
 def is_out_of_bounds():
     return snake_pixel.bottom > square_width or snake_pixel.top < 0 \
         or snake_pixel.left < 0 or snake_pixel.right > square_width
 
 
+# Initialize the snake and target with their positions and sizes.
 snake_pixel = pygame.rect.Rect([0, 0, pixel_width - 2, pixel_width - 2])
 snake_pixel.center = generate_starting_position()
 snake = [snake_pixel.copy()]
-snake_direction = (0, 0)
-snake_length = 1
+snake_direction = (0, 0) # Initial direction of the snake (stationary).
+snake_length = 1 # Initial length of the snake.
 
 target = pygame.rect.Rect([0, 0, pixel_width - 2, pixel_width - 2])
 target.center = generate_starting_position()
 
+# Main game loop.
 while running:
+    # Process events (e.g., closing the window).
     for event in pygame.event.get():
         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
             running = False
 
-    screen.fill("black")
+    screen.fill("black") # Clear the screen.
 
+    # Check and handle if the snake goes out of bounds.
     if is_out_of_bounds():
+        # Reset the snake and target upon colliding with the edge.
         snake_length = 1
         target.center = generate_starting_position()
         snake_pixel.center = generate_starting_position()
         snake = [snake_pixel.copy()]
 
+    # Check if the snake has reached the target.
     if snake_pixel.center == target.center:
-        target.center = generate_starting_position()
-        snake_length += 1
+        target.center = generate_starting_position() # Move the target.
+        snake_length += 1 # Increase the length of the snake.
         snake.append(snake_pixel.copy())
 
+     # Handle keyboard input to control the direction of the snake.
     keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
     if keys[pygame.K_w]:
         snake_direction = (0, - pixel_width)
@@ -62,17 +74,19 @@ def is_out_of_bounds():
     if keys[pygame.K_d]:
         snake_direction = (pixel_width, 0)
 
+    # Draw the snake and target on the screen.
     for snake_part in snake:
         pygame.draw.rect(screen, "green", snake_part)
 
     pygame.draw.rect(screen, "red", target)
 
+    # Move the snake in the indicated direction.
     snake_pixel.move_ip(snake_direction)
-    snake.append(snake_pixel.copy())
-    snake = snake[-snake_length:]
+    snake.append(snake_pixel.copy()) # Add a new segment to the end of the snake.
+    snake = snake[-snake_length:] # Maintain the length of the snake.
 
-    pygame.display.flip()
+    pygame.display.flip() # Update the screen.
 
-    clock.tick(10)
+    clock.tick(10) # Control the refresh rate at 10 FPS.
 
-pygame.quit()
+pygame.quit() # Close Pygame when the main loop ends.