[ty] Hand-roll memoization caches for constraint sets #23538

Acknowledged Regression: -5.67%

❌ 2 (👁 2) regressed benchmarks
✅ 24 untouched benchmarks
⏩ 30 skipped benchmarks¹

	Mode	Benchmark	`BASE`	`HEAD`	Efficiency
👁	WallTime	`sympy`	64 s	67 s	-4.41%
👁	Simulation	`ty_micro[many_enum_members_2]`	167.7 ms	177.8 ms	-5.67%

_{Comparing dcreager/constraint-builder (2bf7659) with main (48cf24d)}

30 benchmarks were skipped, so the baseline results were used instead. If they were deleted from the codebase, click here and archive them to remove them from the performance reports. ↩