fix: support managing cluster with multiple argocd instances and annotation based tracking (#20222)

[alexmt]

Cherry-picks #20222 into 2.13

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 54.16667% with 55 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 54.97%. Comparing base (8340e1e) to head (015abb2).
Report is 40 commits behind head on release-2.13.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
util/kube/kube.go	38.88%	9 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
controller/state.go	60.00%	6 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
util/webhook/webhook.go	12.50%	6 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
util/argo/argo.go	25.00%	5 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
util/argo/resource_tracking.go	64.70%	4 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
controller/sync.go	33.33%	3 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
controller/cache/cache.go	50.00%	2 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
reposerver/cache/cache.go	81.25%	3 Missing ⚠️
server/application/application.go	40.00%	2 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
util/settings/settings.go	50.00%	2 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
... and 1 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##           release-2.13   #20483      +/-   ##
================================================
- Coverage         54.98%   54.97%   -0.02%     
================================================
  Files               320      320              
  Lines             54514    54601      +87     
================================================
+ Hits              29976    30017      +41     
- Misses            21972    22007      +35     
- Partials           2566     2577      +11     

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