GH-35099: [CI][Packaging] Upgrade vcpkg to 2023.04.15 Release

.env

@@ -96,8 +96,7 @@ DEVTOOLSET_VERSION=
 # Please also update the crossbow configuration in order to keep the github
 # actions cache up to date for the macOS wheels:
 #   https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/blob/master/.github/workflows/cache_vcpkg.yml
-# TODO: Update to an official release tag https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/35099
-VCPKG="b619a233fbf7b2c9765fb4458f3ecb05bd3166e3"    # 2023.04.03
+VCPKG="501db0f17ef6df184fcdbfbe0f87cde2313b6ab1"    # 2023.04.15 Release
 
 # This must be updated when we update
 # ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-vs2017.dockerfile.

ci/vcpkg/ports.patch

@@ -49,18 +49,5 @@ index 0000000000..a57ce0c22f
 +   return v & ~(mask << (8 * n));
 +-#endif
 + }
-+ 
++
 + static inline bool LeftShiftOverflows(uint8_t value, uint32_t shift) {
-diff --git a/scripts/cmake/vcpkg_find_acquire_program.cmake b/scripts/cmake/vcpkg_find_acquire_program.cmake
-index 4611af6..d11936f 100644
---- a/scripts/cmake/vcpkg_find_acquire_program.cmake
-+++ b/scripts/cmake/vcpkg_find_acquire_program.cmake
-@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ function(vcpkg_find_acquire_program program)
-             set(paths_to_search "${DOWNLOADS}/tools/python/${tool_subdirectory}")
-             vcpkg_list(SET post_install_command "${CMAKE_COMMAND}" -E rm python310._pth)
-         else()
--            set(program_name python3)
-+            set(program_name python)
-             set(brew_package_name "python")
-             set(apt_package_name "python3")
-         endif()