CICD: add container build

[algolucky]

Summary

Adds a GitHub Actions container workflow and other updates.

Supported Platforms

• linux/amd64
• linux/arm64

Image Sizes

Tags

• feature/*, rel/*, and master branches (e.g. feature/testing -> feature-testing)
• tag (e.g. v3.13.1-stable)
• long commit SHA (e.g. f06c481)

Notable Changes

• removed the use of ./scripts/dev_install.sh.
  • coming after make build this was another build.
  • this forced the CHANNEL to always be dev even when building other branches like rel/stable.
  • this also removed the creation of dataTemplate. the functionality was replaced by instead copying config.json.example to the correct location in run.sh in start_new_public_network
• switched builder to use ubuntu:18.04 instead of golang:$GO_VERSION-slim
• creates and uses the algorand user inside the container.
  • moved the COPY of files from builder to after user creation and used --chown flag in COPY statement.
• removed python and git-core from the installation step in the builder.
• added --install-no-recommends to all apt-get install -y invocations.
• consolidated EXPOSE and ENV statements when possible.
• set GOPATH in builder image ENV.
• removed default for CHANNEL build argument.
• added a step in install.sh to remove artifacts that are not required.

Test Plan

• internal dog fooding
• sandbox (TBD)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #4927 (d49a8bb) into master (5979c09) will decrease coverage by 0.02%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #4927      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   53.54%   53.52%   -0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         431      431              
  Lines       53533    53533              
==========================================
- Hits        28662    28651      -11     
- Misses      22644    22656      +12     
+ Partials     2227     2226       -1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
ledger/tracker.go	74.26% <0.00%> (-3.80%)	⬇️
crypto/merkletrie/trie.go	66.42% <0.00%> (-2.19%)	⬇️
crypto/merkletrie/node.go	91.62% <0.00%> (-1.87%)	⬇️
catchup/peerSelector.go	98.95% <0.00%> (-1.05%)	⬇️
cmd/tealdbg/debugger.go	72.69% <0.00%> (-0.81%)	⬇️
ledger/acctupdates.go	69.24% <0.00%> (-0.25%)	⬇️
network/wsNetwork.go	64.74% <0.00%> (ø)
ledger/testing/randomAccounts.go	56.61% <0.00%> (ø)
catchup/service.go	70.53% <0.00%> (+0.72%)	⬆️
ledger/catchpointtracker.go	58.49% <0.00%> (+0.79%)	⬆️
... and 1 more

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[algojack]

lgtm

[excalq]

Nice work!

[winder]

Changes look great. Mainly just had some questions / minor suggestions.

[algolucky]

thank you @winder for the suggestions, I'd like to address your comments in a fast-follow PR. they are all valid.