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all: replace Div/Mul with Rsh/Lsh if possible #29911 #1966

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Merged
AnilChinchawale merged 1 commit into from
Jan 29, 2026
Merged

all: replace Div/Mul with Rsh/Lsh if possible #29911 #1966

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion XDCx/order_processor.go
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ func (XDCx *XDCX) getTradeQuantity(quotePrice *big.Int, coinbase common.Address,
quotePrice = quoteTokenDecimal
}
if takerOrder.ExchangeAddress == makerOrder.ExchangeAddress {
if err := tradingstate.CheckRelayerFee(takerOrder.ExchangeAddress, new(big.Int).Mul(common.RelayerFee, big.NewInt(2)), statedb); err != nil {
if err := tradingstate.CheckRelayerFee(takerOrder.ExchangeAddress, new(big.Int).Lsh(common.RelayerFee, 1), statedb); err != nil {
log.Debug("Reject order Taker Exchnage = Maker Exchange , relayer not enough fee ", "err", err)
return tradingstate.Zero, false, nil, nil
}
Expand Down
8 changes: 4 additions & 4 deletions XDCx/tradingstate/settle_balance_test.go
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Expand Up @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func TestGetSettleBalance(t *testing.T) {
makerFeeRate: big.NewInt(10), // feeRate 0.1%
baseTokenDecimal: common.BasePrice,
quoteTokenDecimal: common.BasePrice,
quantityToTrade: new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(2), common.BasePrice),
quantityToTrade: new(big.Int).Lsh(common.BasePrice, 1),
},
nil,
true,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func TestGetSettleBalance(t *testing.T) {
makerFeeRate: big.NewInt(10), // feeRate 0.1%
baseTokenDecimal: common.BasePrice,
quoteTokenDecimal: common.BasePrice,
quantityToTrade: new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(2), common.BasePrice),
quantityToTrade: new(big.Int).Lsh(common.BasePrice, 1),
},
nil,
true,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ func TestGetSettleBalance(t *testing.T) {
makerFeeRate: big.NewInt(10), // feeRate 0.1%
baseTokenDecimal: common.BasePrice,
quoteTokenDecimal: common.BasePrice,
quantityToTrade: new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(2), common.BasePrice),
quantityToTrade: new(big.Int).Lsh(common.BasePrice, 1),
},
nil,
true,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ func TestGetSettleBalance(t *testing.T) {
makerFeeRate: big.NewInt(10), // feeRate 0.1%
baseTokenDecimal: common.BasePrice,
quoteTokenDecimal: common.BasePrice,
quantityToTrade: new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(2), common.BasePrice),
quantityToTrade: new(big.Int).Lsh(common.BasePrice, 1),
},
nil,
true,
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion XDCxlending/lendingstate/settle_balance.go
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Expand Up @@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ func CalculateInterestRate(finalizeTime, liquidationTime, term uint64, apr uint6
// the time interval which borrower have to pay interest
// (T + T1) / 2
timeToPayInterest := new(big.Int).Add(new(big.Int).SetUint64(term), new(big.Int).SetUint64(borrowingTime))
timeToPayInterest = new(big.Int).Div(timeToPayInterest, new(big.Int).SetUint64(2))
timeToPayInterest = new(big.Int).Rsh(timeToPayInterest, 1)

interestRate := new(big.Int).SetUint64(apr)
interestRate = new(big.Int).Mul(interestRate, timeToPayInterest)
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion XDCxlending/order_processor.go
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Expand Up @@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ func (l *Lending) getLendQuantity(
return lendingstate.Zero, lendingstate.Zero, false, nil, fmt.Errorf("fail to get tokenDecimal: Token: %v . Err: %v", collateralToken, err)
}
if takerOrder.Relayer == makerOrder.Relayer {
if err := lendingstate.CheckRelayerFee(takerOrder.Relayer, new(big.Int).Mul(common.RelayerLendingFee, big.NewInt(2)), statedb); err != nil {
if err := lendingstate.CheckRelayerFee(takerOrder.Relayer, new(big.Int).Lsh(common.RelayerLendingFee, 1), statedb); err != nil {
log.Debug("Reject order Taker Exchnage = Maker Exchange , relayer not enough fee ", "err", err)
return lendingstate.Zero, lendingstate.Zero, false, nil, nil
}
Expand Down
22 changes: 11 additions & 11 deletions XDCxlending/order_processor_test.go
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Expand Up @@ -400,11 +400,11 @@ func TestGetLendQuantity(t *testing.T) {
common.BasePrice,
depositRate,
common.BasePrice,
new(big.Int).Div(collateralLocked, big.NewInt(2)), // 1/2
new(big.Int).Rsh(collateralLocked, 1), // 1/2
lendQuantity,
lendQuantity,
},
new(big.Int).Div(lendQuantity, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(lendQuantity, 1),
false,
},
{
Expand All @@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ func TestGetLendQuantity(t *testing.T) {
common.BasePrice,
depositRate,
common.BasePrice,
new(big.Int).Div(collateralLocked, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(collateralLocked, 1),
common.Big0,
lendQuantity,
},
Expand All @@ -429,10 +429,10 @@ func TestGetLendQuantity(t *testing.T) {
depositRate,
common.BasePrice,
collateralLocked,
new(big.Int).Div(lendQuantity, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(lendQuantity, 1),
lendQuantity,
},
new(big.Int).Div(lendQuantity, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(lendQuantity, 1),
true,
},
{
Expand All @@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ func TestGetLendQuantity(t *testing.T) {
common.BasePrice,
depositRate,
common.BasePrice,
new(big.Int).Div(collateralLocked, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(collateralLocked, 1),
common.Big0,
lendQuantity,
},
Expand All @@ -471,11 +471,11 @@ func TestGetLendQuantity(t *testing.T) {
common.BasePrice,
depositRate,
common.BasePrice,
new(big.Int).Div(lendQuantity, big.NewInt(2)), // 1/2
new(big.Int).Rsh(lendQuantity, 1), // 1/2
collateralLocked,
lendQuantity,
},
new(big.Int).Div(lendQuantity, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(lendQuantity, 1),
false,
},
{
Expand All @@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ func TestGetLendQuantity(t *testing.T) {
depositRate,
common.BasePrice,
common.Big0,
new(big.Int).Div(collateralLocked, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(collateralLocked, 1),
lendQuantity,
},
common.Big0,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -514,10 +514,10 @@ func TestGetLendQuantity(t *testing.T) {
depositRate,
common.BasePrice,
collateralLocked,
new(big.Int).Div(collateralLocked, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(collateralLocked, 1),
lendQuantity,
},
new(big.Int).Div(lendQuantity, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Rsh(lendQuantity, 1),
true,
},
{
Expand Down
4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions consensus/ethash/consensus.go
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Expand Up @@ -465,10 +465,10 @@ func accumulateRewards(config *params.ChainConfig, stateDB vm.StateDB, header *t
r.Add(uncle.Number, big8)
r.Sub(r, header.Number)
r.Mul(r, blockReward)
r.Div(r, big8)
r.Rsh(r, 3)
stateDB.AddBalance(uncle.Coinbase, r, tracing.BalanceIncreaseRewardMineUncle)

r.Div(blockReward, big32)
r.Rsh(blockReward, 5)
reward.Add(reward, r)
}
stateDB.AddBalance(header.Coinbase, reward, tracing.BalanceIncreaseRewardMineBlock)
Expand Down
6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions contracts/trc21issuer/simulation/test/main.go
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Expand Up @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func airDropTokenToAccountNoXDC() {
mainAccount.Nonce = big.NewInt(int64(nonce))
mainAccount.Value = big.NewInt(0) // in wei
mainAccount.GasLimit = uint64(4000000) // in units
mainAccount.GasPrice = big.NewInt(0).Mul(common.TRC21GasPrice, big.NewInt(2))
mainAccount.GasPrice = big.NewInt(0).Lsh(common.TRC21GasPrice, 1)
trc21Instance, _ := trc21issuer.NewTRC21(mainAccount, trc21TokenAddr, client)
trc21IssuerInstance, _ := trc21issuer.NewTRC21Issuer(mainAccount, common.TRC21IssuerSMC, client)
// air drop token
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func testTransferTRC21TokenWithAccountNoXDC() {
airDropAccount.Nonce = big.NewInt(int64(nonce))
airDropAccount.Value = big.NewInt(0) // in wei
airDropAccount.GasLimit = uint64(4000000) // in units
airDropAccount.GasPrice = big.NewInt(0).Mul(common.TRC21GasPrice, big.NewInt(2))
airDropAccount.GasPrice = big.NewInt(0).Lsh(common.TRC21GasPrice, 1)
trc21Instance, _ := trc21issuer.NewTRC21(airDropAccount, trc21TokenAddr, client)
trc21IssuerInstance, _ := trc21issuer.NewTRC21Issuer(airDropAccount, common.TRC21IssuerSMC, client)

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func testTransferTrc21Fail() {
airDropAccount.Nonce = big.NewInt(int64(nonce))
airDropAccount.Value = big.NewInt(0) // in wei
airDropAccount.GasLimit = uint64(4000000) // in units
airDropAccount.GasPrice = big.NewInt(0).Mul(common.TRC21GasPrice, big.NewInt(2))
airDropAccount.GasPrice = big.NewInt(0).Lsh(common.TRC21GasPrice, 1)
trc21Instance, _ := trc21issuer.NewTRC21(airDropAccount, trc21TokenAddr, client)
trc21IssuerInstance, _ := trc21issuer.NewTRC21Issuer(airDropAccount, common.TRC21IssuerSMC, client)
balanceIssuerFee, _ := trc21IssuerInstance.GetTokenCapacity(trc21TokenAddr)
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool_test.go
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Expand Up @@ -2634,7 +2634,7 @@ func TestSetCodeTransactions(t *testing.T) {

minGasPrice := new(big.Int).Set(common.MinGasPrice)
minGasFee := uint256.MustFromBig(minGasPrice)
doubleGasFee := new(uint256.Int).Mul(new(uint256.Int).Set(minGasFee), uint256.NewInt(2))
doubleGasFee := new(uint256.Int).Lsh(new(uint256.Int).Set(minGasFee), 1)
tripleGasFee := new(uint256.Int).Mul(new(uint256.Int).Set(minGasFee), uint256.NewInt(3))
legacyReplacePrice := new(big.Int).Mul(minGasPrice, big.NewInt(10))

Expand Down
6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions core/types/transaction_signing.go
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Expand Up @@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ func NewEIP155Signer(chainId *big.Int) EIP155Signer {
}
return EIP155Signer{
chainId: chainId,
chainIdMul: new(big.Int).Mul(chainId, big.NewInt(2)),
chainIdMul: new(big.Int).Lsh(chainId, 1),
}
}

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -589,8 +589,8 @@ func deriveChainId(v *big.Int) *big.Int {
}
return new(big.Int).SetUint64((v - 35) / 2)
}
v = new(big.Int).Sub(v, big.NewInt(35))
return v.Div(v, big.NewInt(2))
v.Sub(v, big.NewInt(35))
return v.Rsh(v, 1)
Comment on lines +592 to +593
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Copilot AI Jan 29, 2026

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The variable name is inconsistent with the function signature. At line 592, v is being modified (using Sub which modifies the receiver), but this shadows the parameter v from line 584. The original code created a new big.Int with v = new(big.Int).Sub(v, big.NewInt(35)), but the updated code modifies the parameter directly with v.Sub(v, big.NewInt(35)). This changes the behavior by mutating the input parameter, which could cause unexpected side effects if the caller retains a reference to the parameter.

Suggested change
v.Sub(v, big.NewInt(35))
return v.Rsh(v, 1)
vCopy := new(big.Int).Sub(v, big.NewInt(35))
return vCopy.Rsh(vCopy, 1)

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.
}

func CacheSigner(signer Signer, tx *Transaction) {
Expand Down
13 changes: 5 additions & 8 deletions core/vm/contracts.go
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Expand Up @@ -296,10 +296,7 @@ var (
big0 = big.NewInt(0)
big1 = big.NewInt(1)
big3 = big.NewInt(3)
big4 = big.NewInt(4)
big7 = big.NewInt(7)
big8 = big.NewInt(8)
big16 = big.NewInt(16)
big20 = big.NewInt(20)
big32 = big.NewInt(32)
big64 = big.NewInt(64)
Expand All @@ -326,13 +323,13 @@ func modexpMultComplexity(x *big.Int) *big.Int {
case x.Cmp(big1024) <= 0:
// (x ** 2 // 4 ) + ( 96 * x - 3072)
x = new(big.Int).Add(
new(big.Int).Div(new(big.Int).Mul(x, x), big4),
new(big.Int).Rsh(new(big.Int).Mul(x, x), 2),
new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Mul(big96, x), big3072),
)
default:
// (x ** 2 // 16) + (480 * x - 199680)
x = new(big.Int).Add(
new(big.Int).Div(new(big.Int).Mul(x, x), big16),
new(big.Int).Rsh(new(big.Int).Mul(x, x), 4),
new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Mul(big480, x), big199680),
)
}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -370,7 +367,7 @@ func (c *bigModExp) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
adjExpLen := new(big.Int)
if expLen.Cmp(big32) > 0 {
adjExpLen.Sub(expLen, big32)
adjExpLen.Mul(big8, adjExpLen)
adjExpLen.Lsh(adjExpLen, 3)
}
adjExpLen.Add(adjExpLen, big.NewInt(int64(msb)))
// Calculate the gas cost of the operation
Expand All @@ -389,8 +386,8 @@ func (c *bigModExp) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
// ceiling(x/8)^2
//
// where is x is max(length_of_MODULUS, length_of_BASE)
gas = gas.Add(gas, big7)
gas = gas.Div(gas, big8)
gas.Add(gas, big7)
gas.Rsh(gas, 3)
gas.Mul(gas, gas)

if adjExpLen.Cmp(big1) > 0 {
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion core/vm/privacy/ringct.go
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Expand Up @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func DeserializeCompressed(curve elliptic.Curve, b []byte) *ecdsa.PublicKey {
// but this was replaced by the algorithms referenced in
// https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=162805.msg1712294#msg1712294
PPlus1Div4 := new(big.Int).Add(curve.Params().P, big.NewInt(1))
PPlus1Div4 = PPlus1Div4.Div(PPlus1Div4, big.NewInt(4))
PPlus1Div4.Rsh(PPlus1Div4, 2)
y := new(big.Int).Exp(x3, PPlus1Div4, curve.Params().P)
ybit := b[0]%2 == 1
if ybit != isOdd(y) {
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion crypto/crypto.go
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Expand Up @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ const DigestLength = 32

var (
secp256k1N = S256().Params().N
secp256k1halfN = new(big.Int).Div(secp256k1N, big.NewInt(2))
secp256k1halfN = new(big.Int).Rsh(secp256k1N, 1)
)

var errInvalidPubkey = errors.New("invalid secp256k1 public key")
Expand Down
8 changes: 4 additions & 4 deletions crypto/secp256k1/curve.go
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Expand Up @@ -205,13 +205,13 @@ func (bitCurve *BitCurve) doubleJacobian(x, y, z *big.Int) (*big.Int, *big.Int,
d.Mul(d, d) //(X1+B)²
d.Sub(d, a) //(X1+B)²-A
d.Sub(d, c) //(X1+B)²-A-C
d.Mul(d, big.NewInt(2)) //2*((X1+B)²-A-C)
d.Lsh(d, 1) //2*((X1+B)²-A-C)

e := new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(3), a) //3*A
f := new(big.Int).Mul(e, e) //E²

x3 := new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(2), d) //2*D
x3.Sub(f, x3) //F-2*D
x3 := new(big.Int).Lsh(d, 1) //2*D
x3.Sub(f, x3) //F-2*D
x3.Mod(x3, bitCurve.P)

y3 := new(big.Int).Sub(d, x3) //D-X3
Expand All @@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ func (bitCurve *BitCurve) doubleJacobian(x, y, z *big.Int) (*big.Int, *big.Int,
y3.Mod(y3, bitCurve.P)

z3 := new(big.Int).Mul(y, z) //Y1*Z1
z3.Mul(big.NewInt(2), z3) //3*Y1*Z1
z3.Lsh(z3, 1) //3*Y1*Z1
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Copilot AI Jan 29, 2026

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The comment is incorrect. The code performs a left shift by 1, which multiplies by 2, not 3. The comment should say "2Y1Z1" instead of "3Y1Z1". Note that this appears to be a pre-existing issue (the original code also multiplied by 2), so it's not introduced by this PR, but it would be good to fix it.

Suggested change
z3.Lsh(z3, 1) //3*Y1*Z1
z3.Lsh(z3, 1) //2*Y1*Z1

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.
z3.Mod(z3, bitCurve.P)

return x3, y3, z3
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion eth/gasprice/gasprice.go
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Expand Up @@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ func (oracle *Oracle) SuggestTipCap(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error) {
// - All the transactions included are sent by the miner itself.
// In these cases, use half of the latest calculated price for samping.
if len(res.values) == 0 {
res.values = []*big.Int{new(big.Int).Div(lastPrice, common.Big2)}
res.values = []*big.Int{new(big.Int).Rsh(lastPrice, 1)}
}
// Besides, in order to collect enough data for sampling, if nothing
// meaningful returned, try to query more blocks. But the maximum
Expand Down
4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions eth/util/util.go
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Expand Up @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ func RewardInflation(chain consensus.ChainReader, chainReward *big.Int, number u
}

if blockPerYear*2 <= number && number < blockPerYear*5 {
chainReward.Div(chainReward, new(big.Int).SetUint64(2))
chainReward.Rsh(chainReward, 1)
}
if blockPerYear*5 <= number {
chainReward.Div(chainReward, new(big.Int).SetUint64(4))
chainReward.Rsh(chainReward, 2)
}

return chainReward
Expand Down
4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions internal/ethapi/api.go
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Expand Up @@ -2593,7 +2593,7 @@ func (api *BlockChainAPI) GetStakerROI() float64 {
totalCap.Add(totalCap, cap)
}

holderReward := new(big.Int).Div(masternodeReward, new(big.Int).SetUint64(2))
holderReward := new(big.Int).Rsh(masternodeReward, 1)
EpochPerYear := 365 * 86400 / api.b.GetEpochDuration().Uint64()
voterRewardAYear := new(big.Int).Mul(holderReward, new(big.Int).SetUint64(EpochPerYear))
return 100.0 / float64(totalCap.Div(totalCap, voterRewardAYear).Uint64())
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2627,7 +2627,7 @@ func (api *BlockChainAPI) GetStakerROIMasternode(masternode common.Address) floa
}

// holder reward = 50% total reward of a masternode
holderReward := new(big.Int).Div(masternodeReward, new(big.Int).SetUint64(2))
holderReward := new(big.Int).Rsh(masternodeReward, 1)
EpochPerYear := 365 * 86400 / api.b.GetEpochDuration().Uint64()
voterRewardAYear := new(big.Int).Mul(holderReward, new(big.Int).SetUint64(EpochPerYear))

Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion internal/ethapi/transaction_args.go
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Expand Up @@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ func (args *TransactionArgs) setLondonFeeDefaults(ctx context.Context, head *typ
// fee is rising.
val := new(big.Int).Add(
args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas.ToInt(),
new(big.Int).Mul(head.BaseFee, big.NewInt(2)),
new(big.Int).Lsh(head.BaseFee, 1),
)
args.MaxFeePerGas = (*hexutil.Big)(val)
}
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion internal/ethapi/transaction_args_test.go
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Expand Up @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func TestSetFeeDefaults(t *testing.T) {
b = newBackendMock()
zero = (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(0))
fortytwo = (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(42))
maxFee = (*hexutil.Big)(new(big.Int).Add(new(big.Int).Mul(b.current.BaseFee, big.NewInt(2)), fortytwo.ToInt()))
maxFee = (*hexutil.Big)(new(big.Int).Add(new(big.Int).Lsh(b.current.BaseFee, 1), fortytwo.ToInt()))
al = &types.AccessList{types.AccessTuple{Address: common.Address{0xaa}, StorageKeys: []common.Hash{{0x01}}}}
)

Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion tests/fuzzers/bn256/bn256_fuzz.go
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Expand Up @@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ func normalizeGTToGnark(cloudflareOrGoogleGT []byte) *gnark.GT {
u_3 := new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(3), u) // 3*u
inner := u_6_exp2.Add(u_6_exp2, u_3) // 6*u^2 + 3*u
inner.Add(inner, big.NewInt(1)) // 6*u^2 + 3*u + 1
u_2 := new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(2), u) // 2*u
u_2 := new(big.Int).Lsh(u, 1) // 2*u
s := u_2.Mul(u_2, inner) // 2*u(6*u^2 + 3*u + 1)

// Scale the Cloudflare/Google GT element by `s`
Expand Down
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