Added Coulomb_Law

physics/coulomb_law.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""
+Description : The law states that the magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional
+to the product of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
+Coulomb studied the repulsive force between bodies having electrical charges of the same sign.
+
+The unit of Electrostatic force is Newton.
+
+Coulomb’s Law gives an idea about the force between two point charges.
+By the word point charge, we mean that in physics, the size of linear charged bodies is very small as against the distance between them.
+Therefore, we consider them as point charges as it becomes easy for us to calculate the force of attraction/ repulsion between them.
+
+Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, a French physicist in 1784, measured the force between two point charges and he came up with
+the theory that the force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges.
+He also found that this force is directly proportional to the product of charges (magnitudes only).
+
+We can show it with the following explanation. Let’s say that there are two charges q1 and q2.
+The distance between the charges is ‘r’, and the force of attraction/repulsion between them is ‘F’. Then
+
+F  ∝ q1q2
+
+Or, F  ∝  1/r^2
+
+F  = k*q1*q2/ r^2
+
+where k is proportionality constant and equals to 1/4πε0.
+
+Here, ε0 is the epsilon naught and it signifies permittivity of a vacuum. The value of k comes 9 × 10^9 Nm^2/ C^2
+when we take the S.I unit of value of ε0 is 8.854 × 10^-12 C^2 N^-1 m^-2.
+
+The unit of Electrostatic force is newton.Mathematically it is written as:
+F = (k*q1*q2)/(r**2)
+
+Where, F is the Electrostatic force,q1 q2 are the intensity of two charges respecticvely ,
+r is the radius and k is coulombs constant and its value is 9×10^9 N⋅m^2⋅C^−2 .
+
+https://www.toppr.com/guides/physics/electric-charges-and-fields/coulombs-law/
+"""
+
+
+def coulombs_law(q1: float, q2: float, radius: float) -> float:
+    """
+    The Electrostatic Force formula is given as: (k*q1*q2)/(r**2)
+    >>> round(coulombs_law(15.5,20,15),2)
+    12400000000.0
+    >>> round(coulombs_law(1,15,5),2)
+    5400000000.0
+    >>> round(coulombs_law(20,-50,15),2)
+    -40000000000.0
+    >>> round(coulombs_law(-5,-8,10),2)
+    3600000000.0
+    >>> round(coulombs_law(50,100,50),2)
+    18000000000.0
+    """
+
+    if radius <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("The radius is always a positive non zero integer")
+    return ((9 * 10**9) * q1 * q2) / (radius**2)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod(verbose=True)