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[HIP] Fix ar_ll128_unroll2 hang on consecutive calls of different sizes - #6446

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AndreasKaratzas merged 9 commits into
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AndreasKaratzas:akaratza_ll128_fixed_slot_stride
Oct 16, 2026
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AndreasKaratzas merged 9 commits into
ROCm:mainfrom
AndreasKaratzas:akaratza_ll128_fixed_slot_stride

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@AndreasKaratzas AndreasKaratzas commented Oct 12, 2026 •

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ar_ll128_unroll2, the gfx9 LL128 all-reduce from #5272, can deadlock when consecutive calls have different message sizes. We hit it in vLLM CI on MI355 (Kimi-K3 at TP2) as an RCCL watchdog timeout. This PR fixes the scratch layout and adds a regression test.

Root cause and fix

The bank offset and per-rank slot stride are both derived from the current message size (total_group * 128 * 2 / 4). Consecutive calls alternate banks, but those banks only stay disjoint when both calls have the same size. A rank that has all its peers' data for call k moves on to call k+1 while a slower peer is still reading call k. With a different size, its call-(k+1) stores can land on the peer's unread slots. That leaves the peer polling forever for the call-k flag, and every other rank then waits on the peer.

A word-level model of the store and poll addresses predicts the overwritten range of every hang we captured: 16 at TP2 and 1 at TP4, all decoded with rocgdb. In the TP4 case, rank 2 is stuck in a 32768-element call. 136 of the 274 groups it polls in rank 3's slot, words [61440, 70144), already hold the next epoch's flag, written by rank 0's 28800-element call. That is exactly the predicted range. Whether a size sequence is exposed depends on which bank each size lands in: at TP4, [32768, 28800] repeated never overlaps, while [32768, 32768, 28800] does.

The fix uses a fixed per-rank stride, kLL128SlotStride, sized for kLL128PocCapBytes. Every allowed size then fits within one slot, so a call-(k+1) store can never reach a call-k slot. The scratch now always spans the 4 MiB-cap worst case that the existing comment already reserves: 22.1, 40.0 and 75.8 MB at TP2, TP4 and TP8. That fits in the tmp region of both vLLM (256 MiB) and the AITER default (2 GiB). The LL128 region still starts at kLLPocRegionBytes, so this does not interact with the two-stage kernel, including the tail path from #5807. Launch configuration and dispatch are unchanged.

Test

test_allreduce_ll128_mixed_size_regression runs back-to-back LL128 all-reduces of three sizes per round and checks the results exactly. Rank 1 forces KFD queue evictions so it falls behind inside the kernel, as on a busy host, and a watchdog turns a deadlock into a failure. It runs under --regression at TP2 and TP4; TP8 never dispatches LL128.

MI355X (gfx950), ROCm 7.2.3. "Unpatched" is the shipped v0.1.24.post1 build; a local rebuild of the same source hangs the same way.

Test Unpatched Patched
TP2, [114688, 114688, 57344] 14/14 hang 27/27 pass
TP4, [32768, 32768, 28800] 5/5 hang 10/10 pass
vLLM Kimi-K3 TP2 test, queue evictions 6/6 hang 0/10
vLLM Kimi-K3 TP2 test, quiet host 0/114 0/112

Performance

Unpatched and patched builds alternated on the same GPUs, 5 runs each. Values are mean ± sd.

ar_ll128_unroll2 kernel time (rocprofv3) Unpatched (µs) Patched (µs)
TP2, 57344 6.10 ± 0.15 6.14 ± 0.13
TP2, 114688 8.97 ± 0.62 8.64 ± 0.11
TP2, 229376 15.75 ± 0.38 15.49 ± 0.29
TP2, 458752 23.61 ± 0.31 23.36 ± 0.31
TP4, 28800 17.37 ± 0.30 17.54 ± 0.45
TP4, 32768 17.37 ± 0.34 17.45 ± 0.49
vLLM bench serve, Kimi-K3-8L dummy, TP2 (4096 in / 256 out, conc 16) Unpatched Patched
Output throughput (tok/s) 2494.1 ± 10.7 2498.0 ± 2.3
Mean TTFT (ms) 530.5 ± 7.0 531.3 ± 2.0
Mean TPOT (ms) 4.186 ± 0.010 4.172 ± 0.005

The test_allreduce_custom sweep (CUDA graph, bf16, 3 runs) shows no change at any size beyond launch-overhead noise, which affects calls under about 12 µs. Above that, every size agrees within 0.6%.

test_allreduce_custom sweep, TP2 and TP4

TP2

Elements Path Unpatched (µs) Patched (µs) Patched / unpatched
1024 LL 11.39 ± 0.59 11.45 ± 0.42 1.005
2048 LL 11.49 ± 0.14 10.66 ± 0.41 0.928
4096 LL 10.67 ± 0.66 10.34 ± 1.06 0.969
7168 LL 9.55 ± 0.64 8.29 ± 2.98 0.868
8192 LL 10.89 ± 0.65 10.16 ± 0.67 0.933
14336 LL 11.09 ± 0.28 10.02 ± 0.59 0.904
16384 LL 10.34 ± 0.21 9.80 ± 0.16 0.948
28672 LL 10.00 ± 0.11 9.87 ± 0.36 0.987
32768 LL 9.86 ± 0.58 9.71 ± 0.44 0.984
57344 LL128 9.31 ± 0.45 9.88 ± 0.27 1.062
65536 LL128 10.00 ± 0.83 9.77 ± 1.74 0.977
114688 LL128 8.50 ± 0.41 8.24 ± 0.08 0.969
131072 LL128 9.10 ± 0.35 8.85 ± 0.08 0.973
229376 LL128 12.76 ± 0.06 12.73 ± 0.12 0.998
262144 LL128 14.04 ± 0.07 14.01 ± 0.15 0.998
458752 LL128 21.75 ± 0.06 21.75 ± 0.16 1.000
523776 23.56 ± 0.04 23.67 ± 0.22 1.005
524288 23.67 ± 0.13 23.63 ± 0.10 0.999
524800 23.55 ± 0.11 23.55 ± 0.17 1.000
917504 37.53 ± 0.12 37.59 ± 0.07 1.002
1048576 42.37 ± 0.20 42.32 ± 0.12 0.999
1835008 69.43 ± 0.03 69.45 ± 0.22 1.000
2097152 78.55 ± 0.10 78.60 ± 0.21 1.001
3670016 133.66 ± 0.05 133.58 ± 0.10 0.999
4194304 151.74 ± 0.16 151.69 ± 0.18 1.000
7340032 264.58 ± 1.50 266.18 ± 0.32 1.006
8388608 301.44 ± 0.95 300.34 ± 0.14 0.996
14680064 524.23 ± 0.55 524.01 ± 0.32 1.000
16777216 596.74 ± 1.02 596.32 ± 0.45 0.999
29360128 1040.26 ± 1.19 1039.30 ± 0.75 0.999
33554432 1185.68 ± 0.33 1185.37 ± 0.24 1.000

TP4

Elements Path Unpatched (µs) Patched (µs) Patched / unpatched
1024 LL 11.38 ± 0.44 11.77 ± 0.10 1.034
2048 LL 11.30 ± 0.28 11.30 ± 0.53 1.000
4096 LL 10.68 ± 0.32 10.75 ± 1.06 1.007
7168 LL 9.89 ± 1.82 11.36 ± 0.48 1.149
8192 LL 10.02 ± 1.24 11.07 ± 0.22 1.105
14336 LL 10.37 ± 0.54 10.41 ± 0.68 1.004
16384 LL 9.43 ± 0.28 9.75 ± 0.42 1.034
28672 LL 9.71 ± 0.95 10.31 ± 0.29 1.061
32768 LL128 9.28 ± 0.46 9.87 ± 0.80 1.063
57344 9.20 ± 0.32 8.42 ± 0.61 0.915
65536 8.37 ± 0.80 8.18 ± 0.39 0.978
114688 10.04 ± 0.60 11.98 ± 3.71 1.193
131072 10.14 ± 0.37 11.19 ± 2.55 1.103
229376 9.15 ± 0.37 9.22 ± 0.17 1.008
262144 9.70 ± 0.41 9.25 ± 0.28 0.953
458752 12.21 ± 0.10 12.24 ± 0.06 1.002
523776 13.18 ± 0.13 13.20 ± 0.07 1.001
524288 13.18 ± 0.17 13.22 ± 0.11 1.003
524800 13.18 ± 0.12 13.19 ± 0.07 1.000
917504 20.36 ± 0.08 20.42 ± 0.09 1.003
1048576 23.41 ± 0.03 23.53 ± 0.15 1.005
1835008 36.81 ± 0.04 36.95 ± 0.15 1.004
2097152 42.11 ± 0.14 42.14 ± 0.07 1.001
3670016 71.46 ± 0.14 71.72 ± 0.24 1.004
4194304 80.73 ± 0.18 80.93 ± 0.30 1.002
7340032 139.60 ± 0.28 139.68 ± 0.05 1.001
8388608 155.55 ± 0.25 155.64 ± 0.16 1.001
14680064 278.90 ± 1.76 279.53 ± 1.89 1.002
16777216 306.83 ± 0.23 306.87 ± 0.36 1.000
29360128 534.92 ± 1.00 535.20 ± 0.39 1.001
33554432 609.53 ± 0.70 609.57 ± 0.82 1.000

#5616 (gfx1250 LL128) uses the same size-dependent stride and would need the same change.

AI assistance (Claude Code) was used to investigate and draft this change. Every line was reviewed by the submitter.

AndreasKaratzas and others added 2 commits October 12, 2026 11:34
ar_ll128_unroll2 derived its per-rank slot stride and bank offset from the
current message size. When a rank ran ahead into the next call with a
different size, its writes into the peer's scratch could land in slots the
peer had not read yet from the previous call, overwriting payload and flag
words, so the peer spun forever on a flag that never matched its epoch.

Use a fixed per-rank stride sized for kLL128PocCapBytes so both banks and
all rank slots have the same layout for every message size. The scratch
footprint equals the previous worst case, which the reused tmp region
already has to hold.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Karatzas <akaratza@amd.com>
Run back-to-back LL128 all-reduces of different sizes, with three sizes per
round so each size alternates scratch banks, and check every result exactly.
Rank 1 forces queue evictions so it falls behind inside the kernel, as on a
busy host, and a watchdog turns a deadlock into a failure. Covers TP2 and TP4
under --regression.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Karatzas <akaratza@amd.com>
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🏷️ CI Guide

Runs automatically on every PR:

  • ✅ Pre-checks (submodule verification, code formatting)
  • ✅ Aiter op tests (gfx942 + gfx950)
  • ✅ Triton tests on MI35X (only when aiter/ops/triton/** or related paths are changed)

Extended tests (opt-in via labels):

Label Tests
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ci:triton-355 Run the full Triton test suite on MI35X, not only the tests the change affects
ci:windows Windows JIT op smoke test on the gfx1201 ROCm runner
ci:multi-gpu Aiter multi-GPU tests on the 8-GPU runner
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ci:atom ATOM benchmark: DeepSeek-R1-0528, GPT-OSS-120B
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@AndreasKaratzas

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This was the second time that I m editing all reduce so I thought to adda unit test this time.

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AndreasKaratzas marked this pull request as ready for review October 12, 2026 19:49
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AndreasKaratzas requested a review from a team October 12, 2026 19:49
@github-actions github-actions Bot added the HIP label Oct 12, 2026
@ChuanLi1101

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The bank offset and the per-rank slot both used the current message size, so a faster rank could overwrite a slower rank's unread slots when the next call had a different size. The stride is now fixed for the 4 MiB cap, so every size stays in its own slot. gfx942 and gfx950 share this kernel.

The new test returns at tp 8. Multi-GPU CI runs this file with no -t, so it never reaches the TP2 and TP4 cases that hang. Spawning those two sizes in the test would cover them.

…ocation

Multi-GPU CI runs the test file with no arguments, so the LL128 regression
got the default TP8, which has no LL128 range, and returned without running.
Run it at each of TP2 and TP4 that fits in the requested TP size instead.
Also update the --regression help and the dispatch comment's worst-case
scratch size, which the fixed stride moved to TP4.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Karatzas <akaratza@amd.com>
@AndreasKaratzas AndreasKaratzas added the ci:multi-gpu Trigger multi-GPU op tests on PR label Oct 13, 2026
@AndreasKaratzas

AndreasKaratzas commented Oct 13, 2026 •

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@ChuanLi1101 Done. With no -t, the test got TP8 and returned before running any LL128 size. Latest commit now runs it at TP2 and TP4 whenever the regression runs (by default and under --regression), within the GPUs -t allows, so the default CI invocation covers both. I also ran python3 op_tests/multigpu_tests/test_custom_allreduce.py on 8xMI355X. The patched build passed 3/3. The shipped v0.1.24.post1 build hung every time: 2/2 at TP2, and 1/1 at TP4 with TP2 removed. --regression without -t gave the same result (3/3 pass, 2/2 hang). I added ci:multi-gpu so this PR's CI runs it.

On gfx942: agreed, it dispatches the same kernel with the same thresholds, so it gets the same fix. I only tested on gfx950, and multi-GPU CI runs on MI350X only, but I think it should be enough for the purposes of this PR unless the reviewers also would like gfx942 testing.

ChuanLi1101
ChuanLi1101 previously approved these changes Oct 13, 2026

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Thanks, this addresses my concern. The default multi-GPU CI invocation now runs both TP2 and TP4 regression cases. The shared gfx942/gfx950 kernel gets the same fix. LGTM.

…hang

The regression forces rank skew by repeatedly evicting rank 1's queues. On
a host where restoring the queues is slow, the evictions alone can starve a
rank past the 30 s watchdog with no deadlock. When a window stalls, any rank
now stops the evictions through a shared event and waits 60 s more; only a
window that still does not finish is reported as a hang.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Karatzas <akaratza@amd.com>
Comment thread op_tests/multigpu_tests/test_custom_allreduce.py Outdated
zufayu
zufayu previously approved these changes Oct 14, 2026
@zufayu
zufayu requested a review from TennyWang1223 October 14, 2026 07:56
@zufayu

zufayu commented Oct 14, 2026

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Thanks for the fix. The PR is currently blocked by the required Aiter Test Gate, specifically the MI350X 8-GPU job.

The important failure appears directly related to this PR: the newly added test_allreduce_ll128_mixed_size_regression still hangs in the TP2 case on CI:

rank=0 LL128 hang before iteration=99
sizes=[114688, 114688, 57344]

Could you please investigate why the fix is not taking effect on the CI runner (or whether the regression test needs adjustment)? A simple rerun may not be sufficient because this is the exact scenario the PR is intended to fix.

There is also a separate test_comm_fused_moe.py failure reporting that gfx950 requires a compatible mori.cco installation. That looks like a CI environment issue unrelated to this PR.

The evictions that force rank skew behave differently with the host's KFD
driver: on the multi-GPU CI runner they wedged the evicted rank itself, so
the test failed with the fixed kernel. By default the regression now runs
the mixed-size LL128 sequence with exact checks and a plain hang watchdog;
AITER_TEST_LL128_EVICT=1 turns the evictions back on for local stress runs.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Karatzas <akaratza@amd.com>
@AndreasKaratzas

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@zufayu I hope now test is in a better state (I tested it locally 10 times in a loop)

@zufayu

zufayu commented Oct 15, 2026

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The CI failure is caused by a missing or incompatible MORI CCO installation on the MI350X runner, not by PR #6446; its custom all-reduce tests pass, while the gate only propagates the unrelated comm-fused MoE failure.

@zufayu

zufayu commented Oct 15, 2026

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FYI, #6571 has now been merged into main. It skips the comm-fused MoE test when a compatible MORI CCO is unavailable, so the unrelated test_comm_fused_moe.py CI failure seen here should be resolved after updating this branch to the latest main.

Please update/rebase the branch and rerun CI. The remaining result to focus on is test_allreduce_ll128_mixed_size_regression, which previously still reported the TP2 LL128 hang for sizes [114688, 114688, 57344].

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Karatzas <akaratza@amd.com>
@AndreasKaratzas

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Merged main (including #6571). On the last run, test_custom_allreduce.py passed and the gate only failed on the comm-fused MoE test, so this should be clear now.

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@zufayu I think now it should be good. The failure seems to be some sort of log file not collected for some reason which should be resolvable by a retry or something

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AndreasKaratzas merged commit 6907f85 into ROCm:main Oct 16, 2026
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AndreasKaratzas deleted the akaratza_ll128_fixed_slot_stride branch October 16, 2026 04:27
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