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feat(lmcache): add DSV4 page and slot offload - #1880

Merged
valarLip merged 35 commits into
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feature/dsv4-lmcache-page-slot
Aug 19, 2026
Merged

valarLip merged 35 commits into
mainfrom
feature/dsv4-lmcache-page-slot

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@yhl-amd

@yhl-amd yhl-amd commented Aug 13, 2026 •

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Summary

  • route page-major DSV4 compressed KV through the standard LMCache chunked store/retrieve path
  • persist full per-request compressor and SWA state as a fail-closed AOS1 sidecar
  • add generation-safe TP/MultiConnector lifecycle handling, bounded staging/backpressure, and comprehensive regression coverage

Test plan

  • pytest -q tests/test_deepseek_v4_transfer_regions.py tests/test_kv_aggregator.py tests/test_lmcache_offload_config.py tests/test_lmcache_offload_connector.py tests/test_lmcache_offload_v4_page_slot.py tests/test_lmcache_offload_disk_integration.py tests/test_lmcache_offload_gpu_disk_e2e.py tests/test_multi_connector.py tests/test_page_region_codec.py tests/test_per_req_cache_decoupling.py tests/test_scheduler.py tests/test_slot_sidecar_codec.py tests/test_slot_sidecar_format.py tests/test_slot_sidecar_store.py tests/test_state_checkpoint.py tests/test_v4_pool_geometry.py (781 passed, 7 prerequisite skips)
  • ruff check and black --check on all changed Python files
  • python3 -m compileall on changed packages and git diff --check
  • real DeepSeek-V4-Pro TP8 ROCm serve regression with standalone LMCache PAGE/SLOT CPU offload

ROCm regression results

Validated at commit 4cf68dea with DeepSeek-V4-Pro, TP8, FP8 KV/index cache, and standalone DSV4 PAGE/SLOT LMCache LocalCPU offload.

GSM8K two-pass offload regression

Workload: GSM8K 20-shot, 1,319 questions, concurrency 32.

Metric Pass 1 Pass 2
Flexible exact match 0.9507 0.9530
Strict exact match 0.9515 0.9538
Wall time 472 s 218 s
  • Pass 2 was 2.17x faster than Pass 1.
  • Pass 2 completed 1,316 logical CPU loads, with 1,316 x 8 = 10,528 successful rank-local completions; the remaining 3 requests were served by the native HBM prefix cache.
  • Load miss, load/save failure, OOM, traceback, and checkpoint drop/eviction counts were all zero.
  • Accuracy did not regress.

LMBenchmark CxS recompute vs offload

Workload: C=2, S=4, eight 262,144-token sources, one seed plus three follow-up turns, answer length 20, max_num_seqs=2.

The HBM capacity gate was 524,288 < 1,498,624 < 2,097,152 tokens (active pair < HBM capacity < full working set), forcing older prefixes out of HBM while keeping the active pair safe.

Metric Recompute LMCache offload Comparison
Completed requests 32/32 32/32 no failures
Benchmark wall time 378 s 177 s 2.14x faster
All-request E2E p50 24.47 s 8.70 s 2.81x faster
Follow-up E2E p50 24.36 s 3.09 s 7.89x faster
Follow-up E2E mean 23.03 s 5.70 s 4.04x faster
  • Offload was faster for all 24/24 follow-up requests.
  • Startup confirmed PAGE+SLOT registration and LocalCPUBackend on all 8/8 ranks.
  • Final counters: load_requests=18, loaded_tokens=4,128,768, load_failures=0, save_requests=110, saved_tokens=1,884,928, loads_pending=0, and saves_pending=0.
  • All 18 logical loads restored exactly 229,376 tokens and produced a complete 8-rank profile (18 x 8 = 144), all with status=ok.
  • Logical load latency: p50 272 ms, p95 4.79 s, max 10.01 s.
  • No load miss, rejected save, SLOT-sidecar failure, checkpoint drop/eviction, OOM, traceback, staging failure, or submission failure was observed.

Measurement caveat: concurrent MoE generation is numerically non-deterministic, and later turns include earlier generated text. The two variants therefore differed by 6 cumulative prompt tokens out of approximately 7.54M (7,544,640 vs 7,544,646) and by 3 completion tokens (660 vs 657). Request keys, source data, questions, and benchmark configuration were identical.

Made with Cursor

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🏷️ CI Guide

Runs automatically on every eligible PR before approval:

  • ✅ Pre Checkin: Black, Ruff, catalog schema validation, non-GPU unit tests

Heavy model tests:

  • ✅ Run after the PR is approved and Pre Checkin passes
  • ✅ Run immediately when an approval review is submitted
  • ✅ Can be requested before approval with labels
Label Tests
ci:full Run all heavy PR model tests: native ATOM, vLLM, and SGLang
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Heavy jobs are skipped when the PR is not approved and no matching ci:* label is present.
Add labels via the sidebar or gh pr edit 1880 --add-label <label>

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Remaining comments which cannot be posted as a review comment to avoid GitHub Rate Limit

ruff

⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from contextlib import contextmanager
import importlib.util
from pathlib import Path
import sys
import types
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferTensors
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.atom_page_region_codec import ATOMPageRegionCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.slot_sidecar_codec import ATOMSlotSidecarCodec
from atom.model_engine.kv_block import STATE_SLOT_CLASS
from atom.model_ops.attentions.v4_pool_geometry import UnifiedPoolGeometry


⚠️ [ruff] <B017> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not assert blind exception: Exception

with pytest.raises(Exception):


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from copy import deepcopy
from dataclasses import dataclass
import sys
import types
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
from atom.kv_transfer.offload import config as offcfg


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation import KVConnectorOutput, KVOutputAggregator
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.multi.multi_connector import (
MultiConnectorMetadata,
MultiConnectorScheduler,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import (
ConnectorMetadata,
KVTransferRegion,
LoadOperationId,
SaveOperationId,
connector_metadata_has_work,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload import config as offcfg
from atom.kv_transfer.offload import connector as connector_module
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.atom_kv_byte_codec import ATOMKVByteCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.atom_lmcache_gpu_connector import (
ATOMLMCacheGPUConnector,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.atom_page_region_codec import ATOMPageRegionCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.connector import (
LMCacheOffloadConnector,
LMCacheOffloadConnectorScheduler,
_chained_prefix_hashes,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import (
ATOMRawBytesLMCacheMetadata,
LMCacheOffloadMetadata,
LMCacheReqMeta,
SlotLoadSpec,
SlotSaveSpec,
)
from atom.model_engine.block_manager import BlockManager
from atom.model_engine.scheduler import Scheduler
from atom.model_engine.sequence import SequenceStatus
from conftest import MockConfig


⚠️ [ruff] <PIE807> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer dict over useless lambda

self.storage_manager = SimpleNamespace(list_backends=lambda: {})


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from contextlib import contextmanager, nullcontext
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import logging
import threading
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.multi.multi_connector import (
MultiConnector,
MultiConnectorMetadata,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import (
ConnectorMetadata,
KVConnectorOutput,
SaveOperationId,
KVTransferRegion,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload import connector as connector_module
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.connector import (
LMCacheOffloadConnector,
_compute_slot_fingerprint,
_env_nonnegative_float,
_env_positive_float,
_wait_for_publication,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import (
LMCacheOffloadMetadata,
LMCacheReqMeta,
LoadSpec,
SaveSpec,
SlotLoadSpec,
SlotSaveSpec,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.slot_sidecar_format import (
HEADER_BYTES,
SidecarFormatError,
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <C408> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unnecessary dict() call (rewrite as a literal)

kwargs = dict(
model_tag="org/model",
page_namespace="org/model::atom-page-v1-current",
kv_dtype="fp8",
compress_ratios=[4, 128, 0],
block_size=64,
num_slots=4,
slot_regions=regions,
tp_size=2,
tp_rank=1,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <RET501> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not explicitly return None in function if it is the only possible return value


⚠️ [ruff] <PLR1711> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Useless return statement at end of function


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from collections import deque
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import (
ConnectorMetadata,
KVConnectorOutput,
LoadOperationId,
SaveOperationId,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.multi.multi_connector import (
MultiConnector,
MultiConnectorMetadata,
MultiConnectorScheduler,
)
from atom.model_engine.scheduler import Scheduler


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception

except Exception as exc:


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from contextlib import nullcontext
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import threading
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferRegion
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.slot_sidecar_admission import SlotSidecarAdmission
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.slot_sidecar_codec import ATOMSlotSidecarCodec


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import struct
import zlib
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.offload import slot_sidecar_format
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.slot_sidecar_format import (
HEADER_BYTES,
LAYOUT_VERSION,
MAGIC,
SidecarFormatError,
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar_tensor,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
finalize_sidecar_tensor_,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import dataclass
import sys
import types
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)

from atom.kv_transfer.offload.slot_sidecar_format import ( # noqa: E402


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)

from atom.kv_transfer.offload.slot_sidecar_store import ( # noqa: E402


⚠️ [ruff] <TRY004> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer TypeError exception for invalid type

raise RuntimeError("MemoryObj has no backing tensor")

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Remaining comments which cannot be posted as a review comment to avoid GitHub Rate Limit

ruff

⚠️ [ruff] <S110> reported by reviewdog 🐶
try-except-pass detected, consider logging the exception

except Exception:
pass


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception

except Exception as exc:


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception

except Exception as exc:


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from collections.abc import Sequence
from dataclasses import dataclass
import logging
import operator
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferRegion
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.copy_plan import CopyTile, PageCopy, build_copy_tiles


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from collections import OrderedDict
from collections.abc import Iterator, MutableSet
import hashlib
import json
import os


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import dataclass
import hashlib
from numbers import Integral
import struct
import zlib
import torch


⚠️ [ruff] <TRY004> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer TypeError exception for invalid type

raise AssertionError("legacy AOS1 decode did not snapshot payload")


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from collections.abc import Sequence
from dataclasses import dataclass
import logging
from numbers import Integral
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferRegion
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.copy_plan import PageCopy


⚠️ [ruff] <TRY004> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer TypeError exception for invalid type

raise ValueError(f"{name} must be an integer")


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from contextlib import contextmanager
import logging
import threading
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import SlotSidecarKey


⚠️ [ruff] <TRY004> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer TypeError exception for invalid type

raise RuntimeError("LMCache allocation did not expose a tensor")


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (unused: BLE001)

except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001 # third-party storage boundary


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (unused: BLE001)

except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001 # third-party storage boundary


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (unused: BLE001)

except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001 # malformed third-party object


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from contextlib import contextmanager
import importlib.util
from pathlib import Path
import sys
import types
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferTensors
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.page_region_codec import ATOMPageRegionCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.slot_codec import ATOMSlotSidecarCodec
from atom.model_engine.kv_block import STATE_SLOT_CLASS
from atom.model_ops.attentions.v4_pool_geometry import UnifiedPoolGeometry


⚠️ [ruff] <B017> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not assert blind exception: Exception

with pytest.raises(Exception):


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from copy import deepcopy
from dataclasses import dataclass
import sys
import types
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
from atom.kv_transfer.offload import config as offcfg


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation import KVConnectorOutput, KVOutputAggregator
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.multi.multi_connector import (
MultiConnectorMetadata,
MultiConnectorScheduler,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import (
ConnectorMetadata,
KVTransferRegion,
LoadOperationId,
SaveOperationId,
connector_metadata_has_work,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload import config as offcfg
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid import policy as connector_module
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.dense.kv_byte_codec import (
DenseKVByteCodec,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.dense.gpu_connector import (
DenseGPUConnector,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.dense.connector import DenseOffloadConnector
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.page_region_codec import ATOMPageRegionCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.connector import (
HybridOffloadConnector as LMCacheOffloadConnector,
HybridOffloadScheduler as LMCacheOffloadConnectorScheduler,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.policy import (
_chained_prefix_hashes,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import (
ATOMRawBytesLMCacheMetadata,
LMCacheOffloadMetadata,
LMCacheReqMeta,
SlotLoadSpec,
SlotSaveSpec,
)
from atom.model_engine.block_manager import BlockManager
from atom.model_engine.scheduler import Scheduler
from atom.model_engine.sequence import SequenceStatus
from conftest import MockConfig


⚠️ [ruff] <PIE807> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer dict over useless lambda

self.storage_manager = SimpleNamespace(list_backends=lambda: {})


⚠️ [ruff] <PIE807> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer list over useless lambda

take_rejected=lambda: [],


⚠️ [ruff] <PIE807> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer list over useless lambda

take_rejected=lambda: [],


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import ATOMRawBytesLMCacheMetadata
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import (
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.store import SlotSidecarStore


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferRegion
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.dense.kv_byte_codec import (
DenseKVByteCodec,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.dense.gpu_connector import (
DenseGPUConnector,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.page_region_codec import ATOMPageRegionCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import ATOMRawBytesLMCacheMetadata
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.slot_codec import ATOMSlotSidecarCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import (
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.store import SlotSidecarStore


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from contextlib import contextmanager, nullcontext
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import logging
import threading
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.multi.multi_connector import (
MultiConnector,
MultiConnectorMetadata,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import (
ConnectorMetadata,
KVConnectorOutput,
SaveOperationId,
KVTransferRegion,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid import connector as connector_module
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.connector import (
HybridOffloadConnector as LMCacheOffloadConnector,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.policy import (
_compute_slot_fingerprint,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.connector import (
_env_nonnegative_float,
_env_positive_float,
_wait_for_publication,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import (
LMCacheOffloadMetadata,
LMCacheReqMeta,
LoadSpec,
SaveSpec,
SlotLoadSpec,
SlotSaveSpec,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import (
HEADER_BYTES,
SidecarFormatError,
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.store import SlotSidecarCorruptionError


⚠️ [ruff] <C408> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unnecessary dict() call (rewrite as a literal)

kwargs = dict(
model_tag="org/model",
page_namespace="org/model::atom-page-v1-current",
kv_dtype="fp8",
compress_ratios=[4, 128, 0],
block_size=64,
kv_head_dim=512,
index_head_dim=128,
num_slots=4,
slot_regions=regions,
tp_size=2,
tp_rank=1,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <RET501> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not explicitly return None in function if it is the only possible return value


⚠️ [ruff] <PLR1711> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Useless return statement at end of function


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from collections import deque
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import (
ConnectorMetadata,
KVConnectorOutput,
LoadOperationId,
SaveOperationId,
SendOperationId,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.multi.multi_connector import (
MultiConnector,
MultiConnectorMetadata,
MultiConnectorScheduler,
)
from atom.model_engine.scheduler import Scheduler


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.profiles import build_dsv4_profile
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.policy import (
select_pending_sidecar_boundary,
sidecar_boundary_tokens,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception

except Exception as exc:


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from contextlib import nullcontext
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import threading
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferRegion
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.admission import SlotSidecarAdmission
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.slot_codec import ATOMSlotSidecarCodec


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import struct
import zlib
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid import sidecar_format as slot_sidecar_format
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import (
HEADER_BYTES,
LAYOUT_VERSION,
MAGIC,
SidecarFormatError,
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar_tensor,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
finalize_sidecar_tensor_,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import dataclass
import sys
import types
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)

from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import ( # noqa: E402


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)

from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.store import ( # noqa: E402


⚠️ [ruff] <TRY004> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer TypeError exception for invalid type

raise RuntimeError("MemoryObj has no backing tensor")


⚠️ [ruff] <SIM117> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Use a single with statement with multiple contexts instead of nested with statements

with pytest.raises(SlotSidecarCorruptionError):
with store.borrow(_key()):

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ruff

⚠️ [ruff] <PIE807> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer list over useless lambda

take_rejected=lambda: [],


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import ATOMRawBytesLMCacheMetadata
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import (
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.store import SlotSidecarStore


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferRegion
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.dense.kv_byte_codec import (
DenseKVByteCodec,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.dense.gpu_connector import (
DenseGPUConnector,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.page_region_codec import ATOMPageRegionCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import ATOMRawBytesLMCacheMetadata
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.slot_codec import ATOMSlotSidecarCodec
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import (
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.store import SlotSidecarStore


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from contextlib import contextmanager, nullcontext
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import logging
import threading
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.multi.multi_connector import (
MultiConnector,
MultiConnectorMetadata,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import (
ConnectorMetadata,
KVConnectorOutput,
SaveOperationId,
KVTransferRegion,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid import connector as connector_module
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.connector import (
HybridOffloadConnector as LMCacheOffloadConnector,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.policy import (
_compute_slot_fingerprint,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.connector import (
_env_nonnegative_float,
_env_positive_float,
_wait_for_publication,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.metadata import (
LMCacheOffloadMetadata,
LMCacheReqMeta,
LoadSpec,
SaveSpec,
SlotLoadSpec,
SlotSaveSpec,
)
from atom.model_engine.state_pool import StateCheckpointCopy
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import (
HEADER_BYTES,
SidecarFormatError,
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.store import SlotSidecarCorruptionError


⚠️ [ruff] <C408> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unnecessary dict() call (rewrite as a literal)

kwargs = dict(
model_tag="org/model",
page_namespace="org/model::atom-page-v1-current",
kv_dtype="fp8",
compress_ratios=[4, 128, 0],
block_size=64,
kv_head_dim=512,
index_head_dim=128,
num_slots=4,
slot_regions=regions,
tp_size=2,
tp_rank=1,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <RET501> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not explicitly return None in function if it is the only possible return value


⚠️ [ruff] <PLR1711> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Useless return statement at end of function


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from collections import deque
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import (
ConnectorMetadata,
KVConnectorOutput,
LoadOperationId,
SaveOperationId,
SendOperationId,
)
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.multi.multi_connector import (
MultiConnector,
MultiConnectorMetadata,
MultiConnectorScheduler,
)
from atom.model_engine.scheduler import Scheduler


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.profiles import build_dsv4_profile
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.policy import (
select_pending_sidecar_boundary,
sidecar_boundary_tokens,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <BLE001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Do not catch blind exception: Exception

except Exception as exc:


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from contextlib import nullcontext
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import threading
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.disaggregation.types import KVTransferRegion
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.admission import SlotSidecarAdmission
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.slot_codec import ATOMSlotSidecarCodec


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import FrozenInstanceError
import struct
import zlib
import pytest
import torch
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid import sidecar_format as slot_sidecar_format
from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import (
HEADER_BYTES,
LAYOUT_VERSION,
MAGIC,
SidecarFormatError,
SlotSidecarHeader,
SlotSidecarKey,
decode_sidecar_tensor,
decode_sidecar,
encode_sidecar,
finalize_sidecar_tensor_,
)


⚠️ [ruff] <I001> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted

from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import dataclass
import sys
import types
from types import SimpleNamespace
import pytest


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)

from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.sidecar_format import ( # noqa: E402


⚠️ [ruff] <RUF100> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Unused noqa directive (non-enabled: E402)

from atom.kv_transfer.offload.hybrid.store import ( # noqa: E402


⚠️ [ruff] <TRY004> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Prefer TypeError exception for invalid type

raise RuntimeError("MemoryObj has no backing tensor")


⚠️ [ruff] <SIM117> reported by reviewdog 🐶
Use a single with statement with multiple contexts instead of nested with statements

with pytest.raises(SlotSidecarCorruptionError):
with store.borrow(_key()):

@zufayu
zufayu requested a review from ZhangLirong-amd August 14, 2026 01:31
@yhl-amd

yhl-amd commented Aug 17, 2026

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Contributor Author

Real DSV4-Pro MTP + LMCache CPU E2E update

Configuration:

  • DeepSeek-V4-Pro, TP=8, MTP=3, FP8 KV
  • LMCache local CPU, native prefix caching disabled
  • GSM8K 20-shot, limit=1, greedy, identical request for both passes
  • max-num-batched-tokens=1024 so the 3326-token prompt crosses valid PAGE+SLOT boundaries

Results:

  • Pass 1 snapshot: prefill chunks 1024 + 1024 + 1024 + 254. SLOT sidecars were published on all 8 TP ranks at boundaries 1024, 2048, and 3072 (24 successful publications total).
  • Pass 2 hit: all 8 ranks reported hbm=0, lmc=3072, retrieved=3072, status=ok. All 8 SLOT sidecars were restored at boundary 3072, 27,142,400 bytes per rank.
  • GSM8K: both passes produced answer 18 with exact_match=1.
  • MTP pass 1: 60 draft / 35 accepted (58.33%). Pass 2: 57 draft / 36 accepted (63.16%).
  • API request time: 4.23s -> 2.86s on the warmed service.
  • No SLOT save/load failures, failed_loading, traceback, runtime error, or GPU fault signatures.

Caveat: functional correctness passes, but strict token parity does not. The cold response and offload-hit response use slightly different wording while both extract to 18. This was reproduced after a full-shape warmup and with the experimental deferred MTP proposal path both enabled and disabled, so it is not a first-JIT or deferred-proposal-only effect. If acceptance requires byte-for-byte generation equality, that item remains open.

The real MTP startup also exposed a PAGE namespace serialization failure because speculative_config contains torch.dtype. I fixed it in validation/pr1880 at 507b692 (133 targeted tests passed). That fix is not yet on this PR head.

@yhl-amd
yhl-amd force-pushed the feature/dsv4-lmcache-page-slot branch from e31c121 to 507b692 Compare August 17, 2026 05:46
@yhl-amd

yhl-amd commented Aug 17, 2026

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Contributor Author

Update: the rebased validation commit chain has now been pushed to this PR head. feature/dsv4-lmcache-page-slot now points to 507b692 and includes both the unified PAGE/SLOT adaptation and the torch.dtype PAGE-namespace startup fix described above. CI has been retriggered.

@valarLip
valarLip merged commit 5d771f7 into main Aug 19, 2026
38 of 40 checks passed
@valarLip
valarLip deleted the feature/dsv4-lmcache-page-slot branch August 19, 2026 02:48
ganyi1996ppo added a commit that referenced this pull request Aug 19, 2026
… a -1 interval

Rebased onto main's PAGE-backed checkpoint work (#1874, #1894, #1943, #1880),
which rewrote this subsystem underneath the branch. Squashed to one commit
because the three original commits each re-conflicted against the new base and
against each other's resolutions; the reasoning from all three is kept below.

--- allocate state slots per need, not by group

A "state cache group" was `1 + num_spec` slots wide and was the unit of
everything: allocation, admission, sizing, and the checkpoint index. But a
checkpoint has no speculation to roll back -- it holds a committed state -- so
filing one cost a full group and wasted `num_spec/(1 + num_spec)` of its bytes.
At two speculative tokens that is two thirds.

The slot is now the unit. `--state-checkpoint-slots 64` buys 64 checkpoints for
64 slots instead of 192, and the slots it no longer takes stay in the paged KV
pool. This is only possible because a request's slots need not be adjacent,
which the kernels never required: the ssm kernel gathers each index out of the
indices tensor and the conv path is handed column 0 alone. Contiguity was
manufactured by `prepare_state_indices` writing `arange(base, base + width)`;
it now writes the seq's own slot list straight in.

`StateGroupPool` -> `StateSlotPool`, `Sequence.per_req_cache_group` ->
`state_slots`, whose element 0 is the committed state. The setter re-points [0]
and preserves [1:], because speculation scratch persists across forwards.
`--state-checkpoint-groups` still parses, as an alias.

--- -1 turns off the interval ladder without turning off checkpointing

The interval is a guess about where reuse will resume; a demand rung is a
position a request was actually refused at. On the SemiAnalysis cc-traces the
8192 ladder placed ~30x the writes of the demand rung alone and caught reuse the
demand already reaches -- 0.0% of resumes landed on a ladder rung -- while every
rung costs the prompt that keeps it an extra prefill chunk.

  >0  a rung every N tokens (unchanged, still the default)
   0  state checkpointing off entirely (unchanged)
  -1  no interval rungs; the demand rung and prompt-end anchor still place them

-1 rather than reusing 0 because 0 is the documented contract and is reachable
by accident: the grid snap rounds an off-grid interval down and can land on 0,
so a --block-size typo currently fails safe. Three of the four sites are not the
arithmetic you would guess -- `pos % interval` under -1 admits *every* position
rather than none, and `pos - last < -1` is true for every pos.

--- make the demand rung switchable

A demand rung is 47% of checkpoint writes on the cc-traces and reads back 2.8%
of the time, against 85.2% for a prompt-end anchor. Gated independently of
--state-checkpoint-interval-tokens, because the demand is not part of the
interval grid. Default unchanged. The refusal is still measured when the
placement is off -- switching off a rung must not blind the diagnostic that
justifies it.

--- reconciliation with main

Dropped: the copy/pending-checkpoint path (`_commit_pending`, `record_copy`,
`take_copies`, `Sequence.pending_checkpoint`). DeepSeek-V4 checkpointing moved
to `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator`, and `StateSlotPool` now rejects
`transfer.copies` outright. The fork path (GDN), where the measured wins are, is
kept in full.

`readable_midstep` is carried on main's `StateTransfer` in `state_runtime.py`
(wire format included) rather than on the branch's copy.

Two bugs this rebase exposed, both fixed here:

- `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator` did not implement the midstep half of the
  `StateCache` protocol, so `checkpoint_cut` raised on every V4 batch. A PAGE
  image is not readable midstep, so the three methods are the no-ops the
  protocol documents.
- `_record_checkpoint_end` could place the anchor past the last matchable block.
  `can_allocate` stops one block short of the prompt, so a checkpoint filed
  under the final block's hash is one no scan looks up -- and being stored, it
  evicted the ladder rung that would have served the resume, taking an identical
  re-request from 8 hit blocks to 0. Capped at `(n_hash_blocks - 1) * hbs`.

Tests: `tests/test_state_checkpoint.py` 170 passed. Full suite 45 failed /
2300 passed, a strict subset of origin/main's own 114 pre-existing failures --
zero regressions, verified by set difference against a clean origin/main
worktree. black clean; ruff no new findings.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
ganyi1996ppo added a commit that referenced this pull request Aug 19, 2026
… a -1 interval

Rebased onto main's PAGE-backed checkpoint work (#1874, #1894, #1943, #1880),
which rewrote this subsystem underneath the branch. Squashed to one commit
because the three original commits each re-conflicted against the new base and
against each other's resolutions; the reasoning from all three is kept below.

--- allocate state slots per need, not by group

A "state cache group" was `1 + num_spec` slots wide and was the unit of
everything: allocation, admission, sizing, and the checkpoint index. But a
checkpoint has no speculation to roll back -- it holds a committed state -- so
filing one cost a full group and wasted `num_spec/(1 + num_spec)` of its bytes.
At two speculative tokens that is two thirds.

The slot is now the unit. `--state-checkpoint-slots 64` buys 64 checkpoints for
64 slots instead of 192, and the slots it no longer takes stay in the paged KV
pool. This is only possible because a request's slots need not be adjacent,
which the kernels never required: the ssm kernel gathers each index out of the
indices tensor and the conv path is handed column 0 alone. Contiguity was
manufactured by `prepare_state_indices` writing `arange(base, base + width)`;
it now writes the seq's own slot list straight in.

`StateGroupPool` -> `StateSlotPool`, `Sequence.per_req_cache_group` ->
`state_slots`, whose element 0 is the committed state. The setter re-points [0]
and preserves [1:], because speculation scratch persists across forwards.
`--state-checkpoint-groups` still parses, as an alias.

--- -1 turns off the interval ladder without turning off checkpointing

The interval is a guess about where reuse will resume; a demand rung is a
position a request was actually refused at. On the SemiAnalysis cc-traces the
8192 ladder placed ~30x the writes of the demand rung alone and caught reuse the
demand already reaches -- 0.0% of resumes landed on a ladder rung -- while every
rung costs the prompt that keeps it an extra prefill chunk.

  >0  a rung every N tokens (unchanged, still the default)
   0  state checkpointing off entirely (unchanged)
  -1  no interval rungs; the demand rung and prompt-end anchor still place them

-1 rather than reusing 0 because 0 is the documented contract and is reachable
by accident: the grid snap rounds an off-grid interval down and can land on 0,
so a --block-size typo currently fails safe. Three of the four sites are not the
arithmetic you would guess -- `pos % interval` under -1 admits *every* position
rather than none, and `pos - last < -1` is true for every pos.

--- make the demand rung switchable

A demand rung is 47% of checkpoint writes on the cc-traces and reads back 2.8%
of the time, against 85.2% for a prompt-end anchor. Gated independently of
--state-checkpoint-interval-tokens, because the demand is not part of the
interval grid. Default unchanged. The refusal is still measured when the
placement is off -- switching off a rung must not blind the diagnostic that
justifies it.

--- DeepSeek-V4

Unaffected by the slot-vs-group change, and that claim is now checked rather
than asserted: DSV4 declares `entries_per_req=1` unconditionally (the MTP/DSpark
lookahead widens the slot via `win_with_spec`, it never multiplies the count),
so `state_slots_per_req == 1`, `pop_many(1)` pops the same index `pop()` did,
and slot == group exactly as before. `v4_pool_geometry.py` and `sub_pool_spec.py`
are untouched, so the `_physical_slots` reversal and DSV4's pool size are both
byte-identical to main. DSV4 passes no `extra_entries`, so `--state-checkpoint-
slots` is inert for it.

The *anchor*, though, did reach DSV4 -- and cost it. `PagedStateCheckpointCoord-
inator.applies()` is true for any V4 seq, so `_record_checkpoint_end` reserved a
prompt-end anchor and `checkpoint_cut` shortened a prefill chunk onto it. But the
coordinator files one pending checkpoint per seq (`_pending[id(seq)]`, and it
`del`s `boundary_blocks`), so the prompt-end checkpoint landing a chunk later
overwrote the anchor before either was stored. Measured: one extra prefill chunk
per prompt for a hit rate that did not move (identical re-send 0 blocks either
way, continuation 11 either way).

So the anchor is now gated on `keeps_interior_boundaries`, which `StateSlotPool`
answers True (each boundary is its own slot in the index, so both survive) and
the PAGE coordinator answers False. Asked as a capability rather than by naming
the backend, so a future multi-boundary copy class opts in by answering yes.
DSV4 is back to main's one-cut prefill; GDN keeps the anchor. Pinned by
`test_a_last_boundary_only_class_is_not_anchored_for`.

--- reconciliation with main

Dropped: the copy/pending-checkpoint path (`_commit_pending`, `record_copy`,
`take_copies`, `Sequence.pending_checkpoint`). DeepSeek-V4 checkpointing moved
to `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator`, and `StateSlotPool` now rejects
`transfer.copies` outright. The fork path (GDN), where the measured wins are, is
kept in full.

`readable_midstep` is carried on main's `StateTransfer` in `state_runtime.py`
(wire format included) rather than on the branch's copy.

Two bugs this rebase exposed, both fixed here:

- `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator` did not implement the midstep half of the
  `StateCache` protocol, so `checkpoint_cut` raised on every V4 batch. This was
  introduced *by this branch*, not latent in main: `readable_midstep` does not
  exist on main at all, and main's `checkpoint_cut` never consults it. A PAGE
  image is not readable midstep, so the three methods are the no-ops the
  protocol documents.
- `_record_checkpoint_end` could place the anchor past the last matchable block.
  `can_allocate` stops one block short of the prompt, so a checkpoint filed
  under the final block's hash is one no scan looks up -- and being stored, it
  evicted the ladder rung that would have served the resume, taking an identical
  re-request from 8 hit blocks to 0. Capped at `(n_hash_blocks - 1) * hbs`.

Tests: `tests/test_state_checkpoint.py` 171 passed; the state/checkpoint and
DSV4/LMCache suites together 632 passed. Full suite 45 failed /
2300 passed, a strict subset of origin/main's own 114 pre-existing failures --
zero regressions, verified by set difference against a clean origin/main
worktree. black clean; ruff no new findings.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
ganyi1996ppo added a commit that referenced this pull request Aug 27, 2026
… a -1 interval

Rebased onto main's PAGE-backed checkpoint work (#1874, #1894, #1943, #1880),
which rewrote this subsystem underneath the branch. Squashed to one commit
because the three original commits each re-conflicted against the new base and
against each other's resolutions; the reasoning from all three is kept below.

--- allocate state slots per need, not by group

A "state cache group" was `1 + num_spec` slots wide and was the unit of
everything: allocation, admission, sizing, and the checkpoint index. But a
checkpoint has no speculation to roll back -- it holds a committed state -- so
filing one cost a full group and wasted `num_spec/(1 + num_spec)` of its bytes.
At two speculative tokens that is two thirds.

The slot is now the unit. `--state-checkpoint-slots 64` buys 64 checkpoints for
64 slots instead of 192, and the slots it no longer takes stay in the paged KV
pool. This is only possible because a request's slots need not be adjacent,
which the kernels never required: the ssm kernel gathers each index out of the
indices tensor and the conv path is handed column 0 alone. Contiguity was
manufactured by `prepare_state_indices` writing `arange(base, base + width)`;
it now writes the seq's own slot list straight in.

`StateGroupPool` -> `StateSlotPool`, `Sequence.per_req_cache_group` ->
`state_slots`, whose element 0 is the committed state. The setter re-points [0]
and preserves [1:], because speculation scratch persists across forwards.
`--state-checkpoint-groups` still parses, as an alias.

--- -1 turns off the interval ladder without turning off checkpointing

The interval is a guess about where reuse will resume; a demand rung is a
position a request was actually refused at. On the SemiAnalysis cc-traces the
8192 ladder placed ~30x the writes of the demand rung alone and caught reuse the
demand already reaches -- 0.0% of resumes landed on a ladder rung -- while every
rung costs the prompt that keeps it an extra prefill chunk.

  >0  a rung every N tokens (unchanged, still the default)
   0  state checkpointing off entirely (unchanged)
  -1  no interval rungs; the demand rung and prompt-end anchor still place them

-1 rather than reusing 0 because 0 is the documented contract and is reachable
by accident: the grid snap rounds an off-grid interval down and can land on 0,
so a --block-size typo currently fails safe. Three of the four sites are not the
arithmetic you would guess -- `pos % interval` under -1 admits *every* position
rather than none, and `pos - last < -1` is true for every pos.

--- make the demand rung switchable

A demand rung is 47% of checkpoint writes on the cc-traces and reads back 2.8%
of the time, against 85.2% for a prompt-end anchor. Gated independently of
--state-checkpoint-interval-tokens, because the demand is not part of the
interval grid. Default unchanged. The refusal is still measured when the
placement is off -- switching off a rung must not blind the diagnostic that
justifies it.

--- DeepSeek-V4

Unaffected by the slot-vs-group change, and that claim is now checked rather
than asserted: DSV4 declares `entries_per_req=1` unconditionally (the MTP/DSpark
lookahead widens the slot via `win_with_spec`, it never multiplies the count),
so `state_slots_per_req == 1`, `pop_many(1)` pops the same index `pop()` did,
and slot == group exactly as before. `v4_pool_geometry.py` and `sub_pool_spec.py`
are untouched, so the `_physical_slots` reversal and DSV4's pool size are both
byte-identical to main. DSV4 passes no `extra_entries`, so `--state-checkpoint-
slots` is inert for it.

The *anchor*, though, did reach DSV4 -- and cost it. `PagedStateCheckpointCoord-
inator.applies()` is true for any V4 seq, so `_record_checkpoint_end` reserved a
prompt-end anchor and `checkpoint_cut` shortened a prefill chunk onto it. But the
coordinator files one pending checkpoint per seq (`_pending[id(seq)]`, and it
`del`s `boundary_blocks`), so the prompt-end checkpoint landing a chunk later
overwrote the anchor before either was stored. Measured: one extra prefill chunk
per prompt for a hit rate that did not move (identical re-send 0 blocks either
way, continuation 11 either way).

So the anchor is now gated on `keeps_interior_boundaries`, which `StateSlotPool`
answers True (each boundary is its own slot in the index, so both survive) and
the PAGE coordinator answers False. Asked as a capability rather than by naming
the backend, so a future multi-boundary copy class opts in by answering yes.
DSV4 is back to main's one-cut prefill; GDN keeps the anchor. Pinned by
`test_a_last_boundary_only_class_is_not_anchored_for`.

--- reconciliation with main

Dropped: the copy/pending-checkpoint path (`_commit_pending`, `record_copy`,
`take_copies`, `Sequence.pending_checkpoint`). DeepSeek-V4 checkpointing moved
to `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator`, and `StateSlotPool` now rejects
`transfer.copies` outright. The fork path (GDN), where the measured wins are, is
kept in full.

`readable_midstep` is carried on main's `StateTransfer` in `state_runtime.py`
(wire format included) rather than on the branch's copy.

Two bugs this rebase exposed, both fixed here:

- `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator` did not implement the midstep half of the
  `StateCache` protocol, so `checkpoint_cut` raised on every V4 batch. This was
  introduced *by this branch*, not latent in main: `readable_midstep` does not
  exist on main at all, and main's `checkpoint_cut` never consults it. A PAGE
  image is not readable midstep, so the three methods are the no-ops the
  protocol documents.
- `_record_checkpoint_end` could place the anchor past the last matchable block.
  `can_allocate` stops one block short of the prompt, so a checkpoint filed
  under the final block's hash is one no scan looks up -- and being stored, it
  evicted the ladder rung that would have served the resume, taking an identical
  re-request from 8 hit blocks to 0. Capped at `(n_hash_blocks - 1) * hbs`.

Tests: `tests/test_state_checkpoint.py` 171 passed; the state/checkpoint and
DSV4/LMCache suites together 632 passed. Full suite 45 failed /
2300 passed, a strict subset of origin/main's own 114 pre-existing failures --
zero regressions, verified by set difference against a clean origin/main
worktree. black clean; ruff no new findings.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
@ganyi1996ppo ganyi1996ppo mentioned this pull request Aug 27, 2026
ganyi1996ppo added a commit that referenced this pull request Aug 27, 2026
… a -1 interval

Rebased onto main's PAGE-backed checkpoint work (#1874, #1894, #1943, #1880),
which rewrote this subsystem underneath the branch. Squashed to one commit
because the three original commits each re-conflicted against the new base and
against each other's resolutions; the reasoning from all three is kept below.

--- allocate state slots per need, not by group

A "state cache group" was `1 + num_spec` slots wide and was the unit of
everything: allocation, admission, sizing, and the checkpoint index. But a
checkpoint has no speculation to roll back -- it holds a committed state -- so
filing one cost a full group and wasted `num_spec/(1 + num_spec)` of its bytes.
At two speculative tokens that is two thirds.

The slot is now the unit. `--state-checkpoint-slots 64` buys 64 checkpoints for
64 slots instead of 192, and the slots it no longer takes stay in the paged KV
pool. This is only possible because a request's slots need not be adjacent,
which the kernels never required: the ssm kernel gathers each index out of the
indices tensor and the conv path is handed column 0 alone. Contiguity was
manufactured by `prepare_state_indices` writing `arange(base, base + width)`;
it now writes the seq's own slot list straight in.

`StateGroupPool` -> `StateSlotPool`, `Sequence.per_req_cache_group` ->
`state_slots`, whose element 0 is the committed state. The setter re-points [0]
and preserves [1:], because speculation scratch persists across forwards.
`--state-checkpoint-groups` still parses, as an alias.

--- -1 turns off the interval ladder without turning off checkpointing

The interval is a guess about where reuse will resume; a demand rung is a
position a request was actually refused at. On the SemiAnalysis cc-traces the
8192 ladder placed ~30x the writes of the demand rung alone and caught reuse the
demand already reaches -- 0.0% of resumes landed on a ladder rung -- while every
rung costs the prompt that keeps it an extra prefill chunk.

  >0  a rung every N tokens (unchanged, still the default)
   0  state checkpointing off entirely (unchanged)
  -1  no interval rungs; the demand rung and prompt-end anchor still place them

-1 rather than reusing 0 because 0 is the documented contract and is reachable
by accident: the grid snap rounds an off-grid interval down and can land on 0,
so a --block-size typo currently fails safe. Three of the four sites are not the
arithmetic you would guess -- `pos % interval` under -1 admits *every* position
rather than none, and `pos - last < -1` is true for every pos.

--- make the demand rung switchable

A demand rung is 47% of checkpoint writes on the cc-traces and reads back 2.8%
of the time, against 85.2% for a prompt-end anchor. Gated independently of
--state-checkpoint-interval-tokens, because the demand is not part of the
interval grid. Default unchanged. The refusal is still measured when the
placement is off -- switching off a rung must not blind the diagnostic that
justifies it.

--- DeepSeek-V4

Unaffected by the slot-vs-group change, and that claim is now checked rather
than asserted: DSV4 declares `entries_per_req=1` unconditionally (the MTP/DSpark
lookahead widens the slot via `win_with_spec`, it never multiplies the count),
so `state_slots_per_req == 1`, `pop_many(1)` pops the same index `pop()` did,
and slot == group exactly as before. `v4_pool_geometry.py` and `sub_pool_spec.py`
are untouched, so the `_physical_slots` reversal and DSV4's pool size are both
byte-identical to main. DSV4 passes no `extra_entries`, so `--state-checkpoint-
slots` is inert for it.

The *anchor*, though, did reach DSV4 -- and cost it. `PagedStateCheckpointCoord-
inator.applies()` is true for any V4 seq, so `_record_checkpoint_end` reserved a
prompt-end anchor and `checkpoint_cut` shortened a prefill chunk onto it. But the
coordinator files one pending checkpoint per seq (`_pending[id(seq)]`, and it
`del`s `boundary_blocks`), so the prompt-end checkpoint landing a chunk later
overwrote the anchor before either was stored. Measured: one extra prefill chunk
per prompt for a hit rate that did not move (identical re-send 0 blocks either
way, continuation 11 either way).

So the anchor is now gated on `keeps_interior_boundaries`, which `StateSlotPool`
answers True (each boundary is its own slot in the index, so both survive) and
the PAGE coordinator answers False. Asked as a capability rather than by naming
the backend, so a future multi-boundary copy class opts in by answering yes.
DSV4 is back to main's one-cut prefill; GDN keeps the anchor. Pinned by
`test_a_last_boundary_only_class_is_not_anchored_for`.

--- reconciliation with main

Dropped: the copy/pending-checkpoint path (`_commit_pending`, `record_copy`,
`take_copies`, `Sequence.pending_checkpoint`). DeepSeek-V4 checkpointing moved
to `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator`, and `StateSlotPool` now rejects
`transfer.copies` outright. The fork path (GDN), where the measured wins are, is
kept in full.

`readable_midstep` is carried on main's `StateTransfer` in `state_runtime.py`
(wire format included) rather than on the branch's copy.

Two bugs this rebase exposed, both fixed here:

- `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator` did not implement the midstep half of the
  `StateCache` protocol, so `checkpoint_cut` raised on every V4 batch. This was
  introduced *by this branch*, not latent in main: `readable_midstep` does not
  exist on main at all, and main's `checkpoint_cut` never consults it. A PAGE
  image is not readable midstep, so the three methods are the no-ops the
  protocol documents.
- `_record_checkpoint_end` could place the anchor past the last matchable block.
  `can_allocate` stops one block short of the prompt, so a checkpoint filed
  under the final block's hash is one no scan looks up -- and being stored, it
  evicted the ladder rung that would have served the resume, taking an identical
  re-request from 8 hit blocks to 0. Capped at `(n_hash_blocks - 1) * hbs`.

Tests: `tests/test_state_checkpoint.py` 171 passed; the state/checkpoint and
DSV4/LMCache suites together 632 passed. Full suite 45 failed /
2300 passed, a strict subset of origin/main's own 114 pre-existing failures --
zero regressions, verified by set difference against a clean origin/main
worktree. black clean; ruff no new findings.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
valarLip pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Aug 28, 2026
* feat(state-cache): per-slot allocation, a switchable demand rung, and a -1 interval

Rebased onto main's PAGE-backed checkpoint work (#1874, #1894, #1943, #1880),
which rewrote this subsystem underneath the branch. Squashed to one commit
because the three original commits each re-conflicted against the new base and
against each other's resolutions; the reasoning from all three is kept below.

--- allocate state slots per need, not by group

A "state cache group" was `1 + num_spec` slots wide and was the unit of
everything: allocation, admission, sizing, and the checkpoint index. But a
checkpoint has no speculation to roll back -- it holds a committed state -- so
filing one cost a full group and wasted `num_spec/(1 + num_spec)` of its bytes.
At two speculative tokens that is two thirds.

The slot is now the unit. `--state-checkpoint-slots 64` buys 64 checkpoints for
64 slots instead of 192, and the slots it no longer takes stay in the paged KV
pool. This is only possible because a request's slots need not be adjacent,
which the kernels never required: the ssm kernel gathers each index out of the
indices tensor and the conv path is handed column 0 alone. Contiguity was
manufactured by `prepare_state_indices` writing `arange(base, base + width)`;
it now writes the seq's own slot list straight in.

`StateGroupPool` -> `StateSlotPool`, `Sequence.per_req_cache_group` ->
`state_slots`, whose element 0 is the committed state. The setter re-points [0]
and preserves [1:], because speculation scratch persists across forwards.
`--state-checkpoint-groups` still parses, as an alias.

--- -1 turns off the interval ladder without turning off checkpointing

The interval is a guess about where reuse will resume; a demand rung is a
position a request was actually refused at. On the SemiAnalysis cc-traces the
8192 ladder placed ~30x the writes of the demand rung alone and caught reuse the
demand already reaches -- 0.0% of resumes landed on a ladder rung -- while every
rung costs the prompt that keeps it an extra prefill chunk.

  >0  a rung every N tokens (unchanged, still the default)
   0  state checkpointing off entirely (unchanged)
  -1  no interval rungs; the demand rung and prompt-end anchor still place them

-1 rather than reusing 0 because 0 is the documented contract and is reachable
by accident: the grid snap rounds an off-grid interval down and can land on 0,
so a --block-size typo currently fails safe. Three of the four sites are not the
arithmetic you would guess -- `pos % interval` under -1 admits *every* position
rather than none, and `pos - last < -1` is true for every pos.

--- make the demand rung switchable

A demand rung is 47% of checkpoint writes on the cc-traces and reads back 2.8%
of the time, against 85.2% for a prompt-end anchor. Gated independently of
--state-checkpoint-interval-tokens, because the demand is not part of the
interval grid. Default unchanged. The refusal is still measured when the
placement is off -- switching off a rung must not blind the diagnostic that
justifies it.

--- DeepSeek-V4

Unaffected by the slot-vs-group change, and that claim is now checked rather
than asserted: DSV4 declares `entries_per_req=1` unconditionally (the MTP/DSpark
lookahead widens the slot via `win_with_spec`, it never multiplies the count),
so `state_slots_per_req == 1`, `pop_many(1)` pops the same index `pop()` did,
and slot == group exactly as before. `v4_pool_geometry.py` and `sub_pool_spec.py`
are untouched, so the `_physical_slots` reversal and DSV4's pool size are both
byte-identical to main. DSV4 passes no `extra_entries`, so `--state-checkpoint-
slots` is inert for it.

The *anchor*, though, did reach DSV4 -- and cost it. `PagedStateCheckpointCoord-
inator.applies()` is true for any V4 seq, so `_record_checkpoint_end` reserved a
prompt-end anchor and `checkpoint_cut` shortened a prefill chunk onto it. But the
coordinator files one pending checkpoint per seq (`_pending[id(seq)]`, and it
`del`s `boundary_blocks`), so the prompt-end checkpoint landing a chunk later
overwrote the anchor before either was stored. Measured: one extra prefill chunk
per prompt for a hit rate that did not move (identical re-send 0 blocks either
way, continuation 11 either way).

So the anchor is now gated on `keeps_interior_boundaries`, which `StateSlotPool`
answers True (each boundary is its own slot in the index, so both survive) and
the PAGE coordinator answers False. Asked as a capability rather than by naming
the backend, so a future multi-boundary copy class opts in by answering yes.
DSV4 is back to main's one-cut prefill; GDN keeps the anchor. Pinned by
`test_a_last_boundary_only_class_is_not_anchored_for`.

--- reconciliation with main

Dropped: the copy/pending-checkpoint path (`_commit_pending`, `record_copy`,
`take_copies`, `Sequence.pending_checkpoint`). DeepSeek-V4 checkpointing moved
to `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator`, and `StateSlotPool` now rejects
`transfer.copies` outright. The fork path (GDN), where the measured wins are, is
kept in full.

`readable_midstep` is carried on main's `StateTransfer` in `state_runtime.py`
(wire format included) rather than on the branch's copy.

Two bugs this rebase exposed, both fixed here:

- `PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator` did not implement the midstep half of the
  `StateCache` protocol, so `checkpoint_cut` raised on every V4 batch. This was
  introduced *by this branch*, not latent in main: `readable_midstep` does not
  exist on main at all, and main's `checkpoint_cut` never consults it. A PAGE
  image is not readable midstep, so the three methods are the no-ops the
  protocol documents.
- `_record_checkpoint_end` could place the anchor past the last matchable block.
  `can_allocate` stops one block short of the prompt, so a checkpoint filed
  under the final block's hash is one no scan looks up -- and being stored, it
  evicted the ladder rung that would have served the resume, taking an identical
  re-request from 8 hit blocks to 0. Capped at `(n_hash_blocks - 1) * hbs`.

Tests: `tests/test_state_checkpoint.py` 171 passed; the state/checkpoint and
DSV4/LMCache suites together 632 passed. Full suite 45 failed /
2300 passed, a strict subset of origin/main's own 114 pre-existing failures --
zero regressions, verified by set difference against a clean origin/main
worktree. black clean; ruff no new findings.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

* remove gpu unit test

Signed-off-by: ganyi <ygan@amd.com>

* remove the triton import part

Signed-off-by: ganyi <ygan@amd.com>

* match main's array('i') token_ids contract in a relocation test

`#1990` added an assertion that `Block.token_ids` is an `array('i')`, not a
list -- a list never compares equal to what the production publish paths
store, so every hit on the block would read as a hash collision. This test
was written before that landed and still passed a bare list.

The file already has `toks()` for exactly this; the test just did not use it.

* feat(state-cache): keep Kimi-K3's KDA checkpoints as PAGE images

A KDA Active Slot is 53.6 MiB. Held as a checkpoint it competed with live
requests for the pool that admits them, so retaining one cost the workload the
concurrency it was retained for. Held as PAGE units it is 127 ordinary KV
blocks -- 0.112% of the paged pool -- drawn from the same free list as
everything else and evicted by the same LRU.

This is the mechanism `main` already ships and DeepSeek-V4 already uses
(`PagedStateCheckpointCoordinator`). Nothing about the coordinator changes;
what is added is the source side of the copy for a state that is two strided
tensors rather than one contiguous slab.

`plan_segmented_copy` intersects two ordered byte streams and needs neither
block alignment nor equal segments, so the state tensors keep their layout: a
slot is 138 ranges (69 conv + 69 ssm) and the planner cuts them against 127
units. `_checkpoint_layer_ranges` is the sole owner of that order -- both the
sizes and the addresses read it, because a plan cut against one order and
addressed through another lands whole layers in the wrong unit.

Two things the port had to get right, both now asserted rather than assumed:

- A PAGE unit is a *logical* block, but `kv_cache` is shaped in physical ones
  and K3's `block_ratio` is 128. `_page_unit_regions` derives its stride from
  `runner.block_size` and checks `num_rows * region == page_unit_bytes`, so a
  granularity mix-up is a startup error instead of 127 blocks of scrambled
  state. Unit ids are range-checked against the logical count for the same
  reason.
- K3's slots are strided by `num_slots`, so an off-by-one in
  `(layer * num_slots + slot)` lands inside a neighbouring request's live state
  rather than off the end of the tensor. V4 cannot fail this way and its tests
  do not look for it; `test_no_bystander_slot_is_touched` does.

`state_spec` now asks for no spare checkpoint slots under PAGE.
`--state-checkpoint-slots` buys Active Slots for checkpoints to sit in, which a
copy does not need -- 1.7 GiB reserved for nothing, and it is the same memory
the paged pool wants in order to absorb the images.

Both fall back to `fork` under pipeline parallelism and RapidServe, where
`get_num_blocks` raises on a copying transfer: answering `copy` there would
turn "K3 keeps no state cache" into "K3 does not start".

The dtype objection in the old `state_transfer` docstring is retired, not
ignored. It was that `_state_dtypes` gives kimi_linear an fp32 v side while the
chunked states are bf16, so a checkpoint cut from the kernel's `h` would hand
cached requests a rounded state. A PAGE image is copied out of the slot and
back into a slot -- both fp32, no kernel output in between, no conversion
anywhere. Both dtypes are named in the layout id, so a build that changed
either cannot read another's images.

Not yet flipped on in anger: `execute_paged_state_copies` is reachable only
from `build()`, and the GPU verification (probe at conc 1 and 8 against the
known-good 0/1 and 0/8, then GSM8K, then a matched-N hit-rate A/B) is the next
step.

Known follow-up, measured before it is fixed: the coordinator keeps one
checkpoint per sequence (`_pending` is last-writer-wins), where the fork path
indexed every boundary. A 24k prompt files at 8192/16384/24576 today and would
keep only the last. If the A/B shows the drop, the lever is to make `_pending`
hold a list -- deliberately not bundled here, because a mechanism swap plus a
policy change is a regression nobody can attribute.

* feat(state-cache): keep every boundary a PAGE seq reaches, not just its last

`_pending` was keyed by sequence, so a prompt's second checkpoint overwrote its
first before either was stored. That made the prompt-end anchor worthless --
it sits under a block from the prompt's end, lands in the same or the adjacent
prefill chunk, and was reliably the loser. `_record_checkpoint_end` reads
`keeps_interior_boundaries` and duly declined to reserve one.

Keyed by `(sequence, prefix hash)` both survive. Reaching the *same* hash twice
still collapses, which is what the hash in the key is for: that is one boundary
reached again, not two boundaries.

This matters because the anchor is the placement that pays. The measurement is
already in `_record_checkpoint_end`'s docstring: of 4,808 cc-trace resumes with
a nonzero KV hit, 93.5% land on a previous prompt end and 0.0% on the 8192
ladder. The ladder was cutting a prefill chunk every 8192 tokens to store
something nothing ever resumed from -- and on this workload a prompt averages
117k tokens, so that is ~14 rungs per request, each one a shortened forward and
an image in the paged pool.

What makes keeping both affordable is the price a PAGE image pays: 127 blocks,
0.112% of the paged pool, against a whole 53.6 MiB Active Slot under `fork`.
The measured run that preceded this kept 1,508 checkpoints with
`checkpoints_evicted: 0` -- capacity was never the binding constraint.

Run with `--state-checkpoint-interval-tokens -1` to drop the ladder entirely
and leave the anchor and the demand as the only two placements.

Three tests changed rather than deleted, because each pinned the old behaviour
deliberately and each now pins its replacement:

- `test_latest_pending_checkpoint_replaces_the_previous_intent` becomes
  `test_two_boundaries_of_one_seq_are_both_stored`, plus a new sibling for the
  same-hash-twice case.
- `test_a_last_boundary_only_class_is_not_anchored_for` becomes
  `test_both_classes_are_anchored_for`.
- Two demand tests rested a tightened pool on "exactly one image"; a prompt now
  stores two, so they spend down to the deepest -- which is both the resume
  target and what `_next_victim` would keep longest.

Not yet measured. The preceding PAGE run at conc 8 reached 91.79% at N=791
against a 96.9% trace ceiling; this is the change aimed at that gap, and the
A/B is the next step.

* refactor(state-cache): drop the parts of the PR nothing reads

Three removals, none of which change behaviour. Verified against the same
4610-passed baseline, and `ruff` on the touched files goes 16 -> 14 findings.

`cache_pressure.py` had no importer anywhere in the tree, and the log field
its regex parses (`Cached/Total:`) was renamed to `Cached/Reusable:` by this
same PR -- so it could not have matched a line this branch produces.

`keeps_interior_boundaries` was a capability hook with one reader and no
implementor that answered `False`: the `getattr` default was `True`, both
classes set `True`, and the case it existed for -- the PAGE coordinator
overwriting its own anchor -- was fixed earlier in this branch by re-keying
`_pending` on `(seq, hash)`. The measurement that justified it (of 4,808
cc-trace resumes with a nonzero KV hit, 93.5% land on a previous prompt end,
0.0% on the 8192 ladder) moves onto `checkpoint`, which is where the key it
argues for lives.

`_log_frequency` and its four `reqs_*` counters cost four `__slots__` entries
and four per-request branches to render one log line, and are read by nothing
else -- not `metrics.py`, not either aggregation tuple in `llm_engine.py`.
`_log_pools` stays: its three rates are pure ratios of totals already kept,
and the paged/state split is this PR's central claim. `_log_pressure` stays
because `checkpoints_*` and `demands_recorded` do reach Prometheus.

Left alone deliberately: the `record_relocation` / `take_relocations` /
`relocate_state_slots` chain is equally unreachable, but it is that way on
`main` too. Deleting main's debt from this branch would widen the diff it is
meant to narrow.

* docs(state-cache): tighten the comments this PR added

No code changes; 375 tests pass and `ruff` on the touched files stays at 14
findings against main's 16.

The bf16/fp32 accuracy argument was written out in full three times --
`GDNStateMixin.state_transfer`, `pop_last_intermediate_states`, and inverted
again in `_KimiMLAGDNCommon.state_transfer` -- each time as a rebuttal to an
objection nobody raised, and two of the three cited
`tests/test_gdn_state_checkpoint_gpu.py`, deleted in a04ce7f. It now lives
once, in the present tense, where the dtypes are chosen; the other two point
at it. That alone is ~30 lines and both dead citations.

Two measurements had spread to four and five sites. The prompt-end anchor's
read-back rate stays in `_record_checkpoint_end`, which exists because of it;
the demand rung's stays in `mark_speculative`, the only place it decides
behaviour, and in the `--state-checkpoint-demand` help text, where a CLI user
cannot follow a code reference. `config.py`, `envs.py`, `sequence.py`,
`page_unit_checkpoint.py` and `checkpointers_at` now reference rather than
restate, so there is one copy to update when the number moves.

The rest is history that git already holds: what an earlier Python-loop
version got wrong, what the upstream branch does with `state_cache_base`,
what this pool "used to allocate", which objection "kept this on fork". Each
is restated as the invariant it was arguing for. Also two stragglers of the
group->slot rename in `attention_gdn.py`, and a call-site comment in
`gdn_attn.py` that restated `_checkpoint_targets`' own docstring.

Left long on purpose: `_page_unit_regions`' logical-vs-physical block-id trap
(K3's block_ratio is 128, and getting it wrong scrambles 127 blocks silently),
`_assert_checkpoint_geometry_still_holds`, the conv-window claim in
`state_transfer`, and `CacheStats`' argument for `reusable` over `full` as the
denominator -- that last reads like a rebuttal but the objection is one a
reader will actually raise.

* docs: describe the two model-agnostic features and the instrumentation

The description covered only the K3 PAGE port, which is 1,221 of the 4,694
added lines. Three things it shipped were undocumented:

Per-slot allocation. `StateGroupPool` -> `StateSlotPool`, and a request's state
goes from one fixed-width group of `1 + num_spec` adjacent slots to a list of
ids that need not be adjacent. The point is that a checkpoint takes one slot
rather than a whole group, since a resumed prefix has no speculation to roll
back. Documents the one consumer that reads past element 0 -- the spec-decode
path, which stopped deriving the set from `base = group * slots_per_group` --
and states why DeepSeek-V4 is a rename rather than a behaviour change.

Midstep checkpoints. A mamba-like backend can now take every boundary a forward
covers out of the chunk kernel's own `h`, instead of having its prefill cut so
the forward *ends* on each one. Covers the reserve/publish/cancel split (the
bytes do not exist when the destination must be chosen), the `is_end` targets
that read the runtime slot because `h` does not hold the final state, and the
paired gate in `checkpoint_cut`/`checkpointers_at` -- suppressing one alone
keeps zero checkpoints with no error. Names Qwen3-Next and Qwen3.5 as the
models on this path and K3 as the one that cannot be, and adds the latter to
the follow-ups.

Hit-rate instrumentation. Every measurement in this PR was read off these
lines. The `[Cache Stats]` denominator was `full`, which includes the trailing
block `can_allocate` never matches -- so it charged both pools for a block
neither was offered and reported an unreachable ceiling; it is now `reusable`.
`[Cache Pools]` splits the series into `paged * state = combined`, which is
what showed the paged index matching 99.4% while the state gate discarded it.
`[Checkpoint Fates]` separates four fates that argue for different fixes, and
`kept: 1508, dropped: 0, evicted: 0` is the evidence behind the "capacity
stopped being the binding constraint" claim.

Also refreshes the numbers the rebase and the two cleanup commits invalidated:
33 files / +4694, the current commit hashes, the per-file table, and the test
baseline (4610 passed / 50 pre-existing failures, 40 of them sglang files that
score identically on origin/main).

* docs(state-cache): KDA's interior h exists; aiter just does not return it

The follow-up said K3 cannot be `readable_midstep` because
`chunk_kimi_delta_attn` "exposes only `output_final_state`". True of the API,
misleading about the cause: in aiter's
`_triton_kernels/chunk_delta_attn/chunk_fwd.py` the per-chunk `h` is computed
at line 170 -- by `chunk_gated_delta_rule_fwd_h`, the same function the GDN
path uses -- consumed by `chunk_gla_fwd_o`, then set to None at line 202 and
left out of the returned tuple.

So the two backends differ in plumbing, not in what their kernels produce.
ATOM vendors GDN's chunk entry under `model_ops/fla_ops/`, which is why
`keep_intermediate_states` could be added there; KDA goes out to aiter, which
has no equivalent. Whoever picks this up is adding a return value, not an
algorithm -- worth stating, because the old wording invites the conclusion
that the kernel would have to be rewritten.

Behaviour is unchanged: K3 stays `readable_midstep = False` and keeps cutting
a chunk per placement. Under the shipped anchor-only policy that is 0% of
prompts cut at 1.00 checkpoints per request, since the anchor lands where the
last prefill chunk was going to end anyway.

* test(gdn): pin the claim readable_midstep rests on, on real hardware

`readable_midstep` asserts that `h[:, j]` is the recurrent state after
`j * 64` tokens, and `BlockManager` acts on it by suppressing `checkpoint_cut`
outright -- the prefill runs full length and the boundaries are harvested from
`h` afterwards. If that assertion is false, every checkpoint the readable path
stores is subtly wrong: a resuming request inherits a state its prefix never
produced, silently.

`TestMidstepCheckpoints` pins everything *around* the claim (which positions
are chosen, reserve/publish/cancel, that the cut is suppressed) but stubs the
kernel, so it cannot see the claim itself fail. This asks the kernel.

Measured on MI355, 8 chunks of 64: all 7 interior boundaries are **bit-exact**
against a forward stopped at that position -- `torch.equal`, not a tolerance,
which is the right bar because both arms round the same fp32 value into the
same dtype (`h` is `k.new_empty`; `_state_dtypes` returns `config.torch_dtype`).

Two smaller guards alongside it: popping consumes the reference, so a later
layer cannot read the previous one's `h` and file it under its own slot; and a
forward that was not asked to keep retains nothing, so the plugins that never
pop do not pin a large tensor past their last forward.

Needs one GPU and a few hundred MB -- no server, no TP, no weights -- and
skips at module level otherwise, following `test_compress_chunk_equivalence`.

* docs: record the midstep hardware result, and narrow what is still unmeasured

"Qwen3.5 is not measured" was true when written and is now too blunt. The claim
`readable_midstep` rests on -- that `h[:, j]` equals the state a forward
stopped at `j * 64` would leave -- has been asked of the kernel directly: 7 of 7
interior boundaries bit-exact on MI355. That belongs in Verification, because it
is the one part of the midstep path a CPU test cannot reach and a failure there
would be silent.

What remains unmeasured is narrower and worth saying precisely: no server has
been stood up on a readable backend, so there is no hit rate, accuracy, or TTFT
for it. Named the three things a single sequence through one kernel cannot show
-- the per-sequence `chunk_offsets[row]` base with two prefills in a batch, the
ordering an `is_end` target depends on, and a resume landing on a stored midstep
boundary -- so the gap is actionable rather than a blanket disclaimer.

* fix(state-cache): address review findings 1, 7, 10 and the instrumentation

Findings from @valarLip on #2045, each re-verified against the code rather
than taken on report -- two of the sixteen did not survive that check
(`_rehome_checkpoint` does not exist; `chunk_gated_delta_rule` carries
`@torch.compiler.disable`, so the CUDA-graph half of #12 cannot happen).

**#1, a regression this branch introduced.** `eb058321d` re-keyed `_pending`
to `(seq, hash)` so two boundaries of one prompt could coexist, and did not
touch the drain, which still resolves a single `seq.state_slot` for all of
them. Both images are then copied out of whatever the last forward left there,
filing the earlier hash over the later state -- a request resuming on it
continues from ahead of its own prefix, and `_validate_paged_state_op` passes
because layout, size and unit count are all still correct.

`_supersede` keeps one pending boundary per sequence. Ordinarily a drain
follows every forward and both boundaries are stored correctly from their own
slots; the exception is a pass that schedules nothing, where
`state_maintenance_ops=None` carries `_pending` into the next drain. The newer
boundary wins because it is the one the slot holds, and the older is counted
`dropped` -- it is reuse the placement asked for and did not get. The two tests
that pinned the old behaviour asserted coexistence without asserting each was
stored from its own slot, which the drain cannot do; they now pin the fix and a
sibling covers the ordinary drain-between-forwards case.

**#7** was the same invariant read from the other end: the descriptor buffer is
sized `2 * max_num_seqs` on "one store per sequence", which the re-key removed
and `_supersede` restores. No resize -- the docstrings here and in
`deepseek_v4_attn.py` now name what holds the bound instead of asserting it.

**#2/#3/#4/#5/#8 are all on the midstep write path, so `readable_midstep` goes
back to False.** The write path declines on six conditions `commit_midstep`
cannot see and publishes the hash regardless; `_checkpoint_targets` indexes
three differently scoped sequence lists with one `i`; the SSM read floors to a
64 grid `midstep_positions` does not enforce (`hash_block_size` defaults to
16); the conv window is `conv_kernel-1+num_spec` in the kernel and
`conv_kernel-1` in the guard. Each stores a findable image holding the wrong
state. None of it has run under a server -- K3 takes the PAGE path and cannot
reach it -- so the honest state is off. The machinery and its bit-exactness
test stay; `test_midstep_is_off_in_production.py` pins the decision, and is
deliberately not behind `importorskip` so the non-GPU runner actually runs it.

**#10** `pool_pressure` read `self.state`, which under PAGE is a different
object built with `StateTransfer.none()` that never sees a `checkpoint()`. It
printed four zeros for the life of the server while `checkpoint_funnel`, the
next method, reported the real numbers from the coordinator.

Smaller: `chunks_cut_for_end` and `checkpoints_orphaned` reach both aggregation
whitelists (a cut counter without its sibling is unreadable; `orphaned` argues
for a bigger paged pool where `evicted` argues for a bigger state pool);
`paged_hit` is dropped as a second name for `compressed_hit`;
`_warn_if_unschedulable` compares against `state_slots_per_req` again, so a
pool too narrow for one request warns instead of waiting forever in silence.

`clear_index` still moves no counter, now stated as a decision: each fate
argues for a different fix and an operator emptying the cache argues for none.

* fix(state-cache): address review findings 6, 9, 11, 13 and 14

**#9 inverts the policy it implements, on the majority of prompts.**
`mark_speculative` exists so a guessed resume point is spent before a known
one -- anchors are read back 85.2% of the time against a demand rung's 2.8%.
Both call sites gated on `if anchor and pos != anchor`, so a seq whose
`checkpoint_end_pos` is 0 demoted *nothing* and filed its guesses at the LRU
tail beside real anchors. `_record_checkpoint_end` leaves it at 0 on four
paths, one being every prompt too short for a keepable end -- the common shape
of an agentic first turn. `_anchor_of` answers None rather than 0 there, which
compares unequal to every position, so those seqs demote everything. Shared by
both sites because two spellings of one rule is how they drift apart.

`publish_midstep(seq=None)` still demotes nothing, now as the stated other end
of the rule: a caller with no sequence cannot tell a guess from knowledge, and
over-keeping costs one eviction where over-demoting spends an anchor.

**#6 could take the engine down over a log line.** The two asserts run for
every prefill seq, over counters with four independent writers -- the
CPU-offload wake sets `num_cached_tokens` without touching the hit-block
counters the rest derive from, so an LMCache resume that loads more prefix than
the GPU index held produces `cached > wanted` legitimately. Now a warning and a
clamp, which also removes a behaviour difference between `-O` and not.

**#11 had two consumers disagreeing about what -1 means.** `BlockManager`
clamps to `max(-1, ...)` and reads -1 as "grid off, anchor and demand still
placing"; the DSV4 offload policy clamped to `max(0, ...)`, folding it into 0,
which for that consumer means no sidecar checkpoints at all -- so the engine
kept checkpointing while offload resume silently degraded to zero reuse. With
no grid to align to the sidecar now takes `resume_alignment` alone.

**#13b/#13c.** `_extend_hash_chain` sat one line above the `_has_page_units`
refusal, so a 128k prompt queued behind a full pool paid ~2000 xxhash rounds
per waiting request per pass for a list that was then discarded. Moved below
it; verified nothing between consumes it, and that its one reader is
`midstep_positions`. The comment claiming it "reads `checkpoint_end_pos`" was
false and is replaced with what actually orders the call.

**#14.** `chunk_gated_delta_rule_fwd` returned `h` unconditionally, so the
caller's frame pinned ~33 MB for the rest of that layer's forward even with
`keep_intermediate_states=False` -- every GDN prefill with checkpointing off,
which is the default, and every vLLM/SGLang/rtpllm caller. The flag now reaches
the producer, so the reference dies with the fwd frame. No compute changes; the
kernel computed it either way. `test_gdn_midstep_state_gpu.py` covers both
values and still passes on hardware.

Suite: 4622 passed against 4618 before, with the same 50 pre-existing failures.

* docs: carry the slot rename into the guides, and document the new knobs

The rename landed in code and left five guides describing a `group` model that
no longer exists. One of them was actively dangerous: the `deallocate` snippet
in the scheduling guide released `seq.per_req_cache_group` — a single slot —
where the real function calls `release_many(seq.state_slots)`. Copied as
written it leaks `num_spec` slots per request, and admission cannot see the
loss because it gates on the free list this never returns them to.

Corrected across `scheduling_kv_cache_guide.md` (the pool construction snippet,
the allocation and deallocation prose, the pool-field list, the Sequence table,
and the fork-checkpoint capacity paragraph), plus the Sequence rows in
`architecture_guide.md` and the GDN state paragraph in
`model_support_guide.md`. `state_slots` is documented as a list with `[0]`
committed and `[1:]` rollback, explicitly not adjacent, with `state_slot` as
the property over element 0 — which is the contract a backend has to know
before it indexes anything.

Newly documented rather than merely renamed:

  * `--state-checkpoint-interval-tokens -1`. The guides described `0` as the
    only off switch, so the ladder-off-but-anchor-on regime this PR added was
    reachable and undocumented.
  * `--state-checkpoint-slots` (and its `--state-checkpoint-groups` alias),
    with the note that a PAGE backend zeroes it out.
  * `--state-checkpoint-demand` / `--no-state-checkpoint-demand`.
  * `ATOM_STATE_CHECKPOINT_DEMAND`, under a new "State checkpoints" section in
    `environment_variables.md` — it had no entry at all.

Every symbol the guides now name was checked to exist in `atom/`. The two
`*_plan.md` files still say `group`; they are dated design notes rather than
reference docs, and rewriting them would misrepresent what was planned.

* revert: drop two changes that belong to other PRs

Neither touches per-request state, checkpoints, or the pools. They rode along
on this branch and widen its review surface for no reason.

`triton_merge_attn_states.py` moves `prefill_tokens_with_context` off
`tl.constexpr`. That is a real fix — a per-batch token count as a constexpr
mints a fresh kernel per distinct batch size, 184 of them in one 8-minute
agentic run — but it is an attention-kernel compile-time bug, not a state-cache
one, and belongs in a PR that says so.

`tests/plugin/test_vllm_kimi_k3.py` moved its registry check out-of-process to
survive `sys.modules` damage other plugin tests do. Also genuine, also
unrelated; verified it does not pollute the session on its own.

`test_rtpllm_forward_context_semantics.py` is NOT reverted, though it looked
like the same category. Its change makes the stubs it installs restore what
they displaced, and without it `atom.model_ops.attention_gdn` and
`atom.utils.forward_context` stay shadowed for the rest of the session:
reverting it turned 3 collection errors into 6, taking
`test_cudagraph_capture_bounds.py` (9 passed alone) and three sglang plugin
modules down with `cannot import name ... (unknown location)`. That is
load-bearing for whether this branch's own suite can be run at all.

* remove --state-checkpoint-slots, which never took effect

The flag sized a flat cushion of spare Active Slots for checkpoints to sit in.
It defaults to 0, DeepSeek-V4 never declared it, and Kimi-K3 overrode it back
to 0 — so on every shipped path it added nothing, and the only configuration
where it did anything was GDN's `fork` with someone passing a value by hand,
which no measurement in this PR or before it covers.

What it was for is real: a checkpoint held as a slot competes with live
requests, so how many can be retained is set by concurrency rather than by how
much reuse the traffic has. The PAGE path solves that properly, by keeping the
image in KV blocks instead of a slot. A cushion would buy the same decoupling
for `fork` at the price of a knob nobody can size without measuring first.

Removing it collapses two things it had propped up. `_KimiMLAGDNCommon.state_spec`
existed only to zero the field and is deleted — with the flag gone the base
spec is already right, and `super()` needs no correction. And
`TestTheSpareSlotsGoBackToTheKvPool` went with it: it monkeypatched
`GDNStateMixin.state_spec` to a lambda returning a literal `extra_entries=32`,
so it asserted against its own stub and would have passed unchanged if
production stopped reading the field altogether. That is the shape @valarLip
flagged, and deleting the feature removes the test's subject rather than its
substitute.

`SubPoolSpec.extra_entries` stays. It is the sizing layer's general capability,
no backend passes a nonzero value today, and the test that pins its arithmetic
now says so — a future cushion should get a flat one, not `width x` what it
asked for.

4620 passed against 4622 before, the difference being the two deleted tests;
same 50 pre-existing failures. `ruff` on the touched files matches origin/main
exactly.

* test: keep the midstep watch on the CPU-only side of the aiter line

`test_gdn_does_not_declare_itself_midstep_readable` reached
`GDNStateMixin.state_transfer`, which means importing `gdn_attn`, which
imports aiter at module level. The non-GPU CI runner installs CPU torch and
neither aiter nor triton, so that is a collection-time
ModuleNotFoundError, not a skip -- it failed the job.

Split the flag's two halves by what a CPU runner can actually see. The PAGE
coordinator's `readable_midstep`, the three-call midstep protocol on
`StateCache`, and `StateTransfer`'s field are all pure Python and stay
watched here. GDN's declaration is the half that needs aiter; it belongs
with the kernel tests, and the docstring now says so rather than leaving the
next reader to rediscover it by breaking CI.

Coverage lost is one assertion, not the mechanism: `TestMidstepCheckpoints`
builds its own `StateTransfer(readable_midstep=True)` and exercises the
write path regardless of what production declares.

---------

Signed-off-by: ganyi <ygan@amd.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Guanbao Yu <Guanbao.Yu@amd.com>
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