Warn when self.log(..., logger=True) is called without a logger

[carmocca]

What does this PR do?

Part of #15662

Does your PR introduce any breaking changes? If yes, please list them.

None

Before submitting

• Was this discussed/approved via a GitHub issue? (not for typos and docs)
• Did you read the contributor guideline, Pull Request section?
• Did you make sure your PR does only one thing, instead of bundling different changes together?
• [n/a] Did you make sure to update the documentation with your changes? (if necessary)
• Did you write any new necessary tests? (not for typos and docs)
• Did you verify new and existing tests pass locally with your changes?
• Did you list all the breaking changes introduced by this pull request?
• Did you update the CHANGELOG? (not for typos, docs, test updates, or minor internal changes/refactors)

PR review

• Is this pull request ready for review? (if not, please submit in draft mode)
• Check that all items from Before submitting are resolved
• Make sure the title is self-explanatory and the description concisely explains the PR
• Add labels and milestones (and optionally projects) to the PR so it can be classified

cc @Borda @carmocca @Blaizzy

[github-actions]

⚡ Required checks status: All passing 🟢

Groups summary

🟢 pytorch_lightning: Tests workflow

Check ID	Status
pl-cpu (macOS-11, pytorch, 3.8, 1.11)	success	✅
pl-cpu (macOS-11, pytorch, 3.9, 1.12)	success	✅
pl-cpu (macOS-11, pytorch, 3.10, 1.13)	success	✅
pl-cpu (macOS-11, pytorch, 3.8, 1.10, oldest)	success	✅
pl-cpu (ubuntu-20.04, pytorch, 3.8, 1.10)	success	✅
pl-cpu (ubuntu-20.04, pytorch, 3.9, 1.11)	success	✅
pl-cpu (ubuntu-20.04, pytorch, 3.10, 1.12)	success	✅
pl-cpu (ubuntu-20.04, pytorch, 3.10, 1.13)	success	✅
pl-cpu (ubuntu-20.04, pytorch, 3.7, 1.10, oldest)	success	✅
pl-cpu (windows-2022, pytorch, 3.9, 1.11)	success	✅
pl-cpu (windows-2022, pytorch, 3.10, 1.12)	success	✅
pl-cpu (windows-2022, pytorch, 3.10, 1.13)	success	✅
pl-cpu (windows-2022, pytorch, 3.7, 1.10, oldest)	success	✅
pl-cpu (slow, macOS-11, pytorch, 3.7, 1.11)	success	✅
pl-cpu (slow, ubuntu-20.04, pytorch, 3.7, 1.11)	success	✅
pl-cpu (slow, windows-2022, pytorch, 3.7, 1.11)	success	✅
pl-cpu (macOS-11, lightning, 3.8, 1.13)	success	✅
pl-cpu (ubuntu-20.04, lightning, 3.8, 1.13)	success	✅
pl-cpu (windows-2022, lightning, 3.8, 1.13)	success	✅

🟢 pytorch_lightning: Azure GPU

Check ID	Status
pytorch-lightning (GPUs)	success	✅

🟢 pytorch_lightning: Azure HPU

Check ID	Status
pytorch-lightning (HPUs)	success	✅

🟢 pytorch_lightning: Azure IPU

Check ID	Status
pytorch-lightning (IPUs)	success	✅

🟢 pytorch_lightning: Docs

Check ID	Status
make-doctest (pytorch)	success	✅
make-html (pytorch)	success	✅

🟢 mypy

Check ID	Status
mypy	success	✅

🟢 install

Check ID	Status
install-pkg (ubuntu-22.04, app, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (ubuntu-22.04, app, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (ubuntu-22.04, lite, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (ubuntu-22.04, lite, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (ubuntu-22.04, pytorch, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (ubuntu-22.04, pytorch, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (ubuntu-22.04, lightning, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (ubuntu-22.04, lightning, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (macOS-12, app, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (macOS-12, app, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (macOS-12, lite, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (macOS-12, lite, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (macOS-12, pytorch, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (macOS-12, pytorch, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (macOS-12, lightning, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (macOS-12, lightning, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (windows-2022, app, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (windows-2022, app, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (windows-2022, lite, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (windows-2022, lite, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (windows-2022, pytorch, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (windows-2022, pytorch, 3.10)	success	✅
install-pkg (windows-2022, lightning, 3.7)	success	✅
install-pkg (windows-2022, lightning, 3.10)	success	✅

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