Fix precompile reason print when nothing

[IanButterworth]

Fixup on #52619

Fixes manual compilecache calls and expands tests to cover this logging path which is only a debug on non-interactive

Base.compilecache(Base.identify_package("OrdinaryDiffEq"))
┌ Error: Exception while generating log record in module Base at loading.jl:2598
│   exception =
│    MethodError: no method matching list_reasons(::Nothing)
│
│    Closest candidates are:
│      list_reasons(::Dict{String, Int64})
│       @ Base loading.jl:3319
│
│    Stacktrace:
│      [1] macro expansion
│        @ Base ./logging.jl:376 [inlined]
│      [2] compilecache(pkg::Base.PkgId, path::String, internal_stderr::IO, internal_stdout::IO, keep_loaded_modules::Bool; reasons::Nothing)
...

[IanButterworth]

Windows failure is #52679