Polo

Polo travels through your database and creates sample snapshots so you can work with real world data in any environment.

Polo takes an ActiveRecord::Base seed object and traverses every whitelisted ActiveRecord::Association generating SQL INSERTs along the way.

You can then save those SQL INSERTS to .sql file and import the data to your favorite environment.

Motivation

Read our blog post or check out this presentation.

Usage

Given the following data model:

class Chef < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :recipes
  has_many :ingredients, through: :recipes
end

class Recipe < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :recipes_ingredients
  has_many :ingredients, through: :recipes_ingredients
end

class Ingredient < ActiveRecord::Base
end

class RecipesIngredient < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :recipe
  belongs_to :ingredient
end

Simple ActiveRecord Objects

inserts = Polo.explore(Chef, 1)

INSERT INTO `chefs` (`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, 'Netto')

Where Chef is the seed object class, and 1 is the seed object id.

Simple Associations

inserts = Polo.explore(Chef, 1, :recipes)

INSERT INTO `chefs` (`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, 'Netto')
INSERT INTO `recipes` (`id`, `title`, `num_steps`, `chef_id`) VALUES (1, 'Turkey Sandwich', NULL, 1)
INSERT INTO `recipes` (`id`, `title`, `num_steps`, `chef_id`) VALUES (2, 'Cheese Burger', NULL, 1)

Complex nested associations

inserts = Polo.explore(Chef, 1, :recipes => :ingredients)

INSERT INTO `chefs` (`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, 'Netto')
INSERT INTO `recipes` (`id`, `title`, `num_steps`, `chef_id`) VALUES (1, 'Turkey Sandwich', NULL, 1)
INSERT INTO `recipes` (`id`, `title`, `num_steps`, `chef_id`) VALUES (2, 'Cheese Burger', NULL, 1)
INSERT INTO `recipes_ingredients` (`id`, `recipe_id`, `ingredient_id`) VALUES (1, 1, 1)
INSERT INTO `recipes_ingredients` (`id`, `recipe_id`, `ingredient_id`) VALUES (2, 1, 2)
INSERT INTO `recipes_ingredients` (`id`, `recipe_id`, `ingredient_id`) VALUES (3, 2, 3)
INSERT INTO `recipes_ingredients` (`id`, `recipe_id`, `ingredient_id`) VALUES (4, 2, 4)
INSERT INTO `ingredients` (`id`, `name`, `quantity`) VALUES (1, 'Turkey', 'a lot')
INSERT INTO `ingredients` (`id`, `name`, `quantity`) VALUES (2, 'Cheese', '1 slice')
INSERT INTO `ingredients` (`id`, `name`, `quantity`) VALUES (3, 'Patty', '1')
INSERT INTO `ingredients` (`id`, `name`, `quantity`) VALUES (4, 'Cheese', '2 slices')

Advanced Usage

Occasionally, you might have a dataset that you want to refresh. A production database that has data that might be useful on your local copy of the database. Polo doesn't have an opinion about your data; if you try to import data with a key that's already in your local database, Polo doesn't necessarily know how you want to handle that conflict.

Advanced users will find the on_duplicate option to be helpful in this context. It gives Polo instructions on how to handle collisions. Note: This feature is currently only supported for MySQL databases. (PRs for other databases are welcome!)

There are two possible values for the on_duplicate key: :ignore and :override. Ignore keeps the old data. Override keeps the new data. If there's a collision and the on_duplicate param is not set, Polo will simpy stop importing the data.

Ignore

A.K.A the Ostrich Approach: stick your head in the sand and pretend nothing happened.

Polo.configure do
  on_duplicate :ignore
end

Polo::Traveler.explore(Chef, 1, :recipes)

INSERT IGNORE INTO `chefs` (`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, 'Netto')
INSERT IGNORE INTO `recipes` (`id`, `title`, `num_steps`, `chef_id`) VALUES (1, 'Turkey Sandwich', NULL, 1)
INSERT IGNORE INTO `recipes` (`id`, `title`, `num_steps`, `chef_id`) VALUES (2, 'Cheese Burger', NULL, 1)

Override

Use the option on_duplicate: :override to override your local data with new data from your Polo script.

Polo.configure do
  on_duplicate :override
end

Polo::Traveler.explore(Chef, 1, :recipes)

INSERT INTO `chefs` (`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, 'Netto')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE id = VALUES(id), name = VALUES(name)
...

Sensitive Fields

You can use the obfuscate option to obfuscate sensitive fields like emails or user logins.

Polo.configure do
  obfuscate :email, :credit_card
end

Polo::Traveler.explore(AR::Chef, 1)

INSERT INTO `chefs` (`id`, `name`, `email`) VALUES (1, 'Netto', 'eahorctmaagfo.nitm@l')

Warning: This is not a security feature. Fields can still easily be rearranged back to their original format. Polo will simply scramble the order of strings so you don't accidentally end up causing side effects when using production data in development. It is not a good practice to use highly sensitive data in development.

Advanced Obfuscation

For more advanced obfuscation, you can pass in a custom obfuscation strategy. Polo will take in a lambda that can be used to transform sensitive data.

Using a :symbol as an obfuscate key targets all columns of that name. Passing an SQL selector as a String will target columns within the specified table.

Polo.configure do

  email_strategy = lambda do |email|
    first_part = email.split("@")[0]
    "#{first_part}@test.com"
  end

  credit_card_strategy = lambda do |credit_card|
    "4123 4567 8910 1112"
  end

  # If you need the context of the record for its fields, it is accessible
  # in the second argument of the strategy
  social_security_strategy = lambda do |ssn, instance|
    sprintf("%09d", instance.id)
  end

  obfuscate({
    'chefs.email' => email_strategy, # This only applies to the "email" column in the "chefs" table
    :credit_card  => credit_card_strategy, # This applies to any column named "credit_card" across every table
    :ssn_strategy => social_security_strategy
  })
end

Polo::Traveler.explore(AR::Chef, 1)

INSERT INTO `chefs` (`id`, `name`, `email`) VALUES (1, 'Netto', '[email protected]')

Installation

Add this line to your application's Gemfile:

gem 'polo'

And then execute:

$ bundle

Or install it yourself as:

$ gem install polo

Contributing

Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/IFTTT/polo. This project is intended to be a safe, welcoming space for collaboration, and contributors are expected to adhere to the Code of Conduct.

To run the specs across all supported version of Rails, check out the repo and follow these steps:

$ bundle install
$ bundle exec appraisal install
$ bundle exec appraisal rake

License

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License.