refactoring ERA5 data mode

[uturuncoglu]

Description of changes

This PR aims to restructure ERA5 data mode to support:
(1) Using ERA5 as a replacement of JRA55 under CESM framework. This work does not include any necessary change needs to be done in CIME interface.
(2) Adding new data component configuration option for data atmosphere (DATM) as skip_field_check. The default value is .false. and does not change the exiting behavior. By setting it .true. the field check part is skipped and user is able to provide just set of fields supported by the data mode.
(3) The changes related to support UFS WM RTs with help of (2) and also some other changes.

Specific notes

Contributors other than yourself, if any:

CDEPS Issues Fixed (include github issue #):

Are there dependencies on other component PRs (if so list):
No

Are changes expected to change answers (bfb, different to roundoff, more substantial):
No

Any User Interface Changes (namelist or namelist defaults changes):
New optional skip_field_check option for datm

Testing performed (e.g. aux_cdeps, CESM prealpha, etc):
UFS WM RTs:

datm_cdeps_lnd_era5
datm_cdeps_lnd_era5_rst
hafs_regional_datm_cdeps

UFS Coastal:

DATM-DOCN-CICE6 and DATM-SCHSIM-CICE6 regional sea-ice configuration

Hashes used for testing:

[uturuncoglu]

@billsacks I am still working on it. Once tests are passed I'll let you know.
@NickSzapiro-NOAA This will also address the failed land RTs. skip_field_check needs to be used for those. I'll test them and let you know when all UFS WM tests are passed. There are some changes also in the UFS WM level CDEPS CMake interface since some files are added and removed from CDEPS. Once UFS WM sync CDEPS, we could address those issues.

[NickSzapiro-NOAA]

Hi @uturuncoglu @billsacks . May I ask if this is still planned?

I'm interested so I ran some tests in UFS.
datm_cdeps_lnd_era5_intel RT has answer changes but runs.
This would be nice to get EMC/CDEPS sync to ESCOMP unstuck.

There is also interest in using ERA5 for datm-ocn-ice work, like for RTOFS development.

fyi, AI came back with some review notes (NickSzapiro-NOAA#11 (review)).
Please let me know if you'd like contributions

[sanAkel]

@uturuncoglu I got a link to this (draft) PR from @NickSzapiro-NOAA in the context of UFS DATM with the "data" atmosphere coming from ERA-5. 2 questions for either/both of you:

1. What would be a good ETA for the PR to go from draft ➡️ ready? And eventually merged.
2. Reg the splitting of (net) downward shortwave into the four bands, would it be possible to please not hard code those fractions? Suggestion: read via yaml, default to these values. or to those in ACCESS-NRI.