feat!: keccak in noir using a permutation opcode (rebased from #3726)

[kevaundray]

This is #3726 but without the keccak changes in Noir which are not currently working

Checklist:

Remove the checklist to signal you've completed it. Enable auto-merge if the PR is ready to merge.

• If the pull request requires a cryptography review (e.g. cryptographic algorithm implementations) I have added the 'crypto' tag.
• I have reviewed my diff in github, line by line and removed unexpected formatting changes, testing logs, or commented-out code.
• Every change is related to the PR description.
• I have linked this pull request to relevant issues (if any exist).

[AztecBot]

Benchmark results

Metrics with a significant change:

• note_history_trial_decrypting_time_in_ms (10): 340 (+107%)

Detailed results

All benchmarks are run on txs on the Benchmarking contract on the repository. Each tx consists of a batch call to create_note and increment_balance, which guarantees that each tx has a private call, a nested private call, a public call, and a nested public call, as well as an emitted private note, an unencrypted log, and public storage read and write.

This benchmark source data is available in JSON format on S3 here.

Values are compared against data from master at commit 88fcf8d3 and shown if the difference exceeds 1%.

L2 block published to L1

Each column represents the number of txs on an L2 block published to L1.

Metric	8 txs	32 txs	128 txs
l1_rollup_calldata_size_in_bytes	45,444	179,588	716,132
l1_rollup_calldata_gas	222,960	868,244	3,448,196
l1_rollup_execution_gas	867,069	3,746,297	23,304,961
l2_block_processing_time_in_ms	1,339 (-12%)	5,146 (+1%)	21,284 (+2%)
note_successful_decrypting_time_in_ms	365 (-5%)	1,162 (+6%)	4,272 (+4%)
note_trial_decrypting_time_in_ms	76.2 (-19%)	38.9 (+10%)	139 (+2%)
l2_block_building_time_in_ms	14,967 (+1%)	60,018 (+1%)	238,892
l2_block_rollup_simulation_time_in_ms	10,635 (+1%)	42,811 (+2%)	170,494
l2_block_public_tx_process_time_in_ms	4,299 (+1%)	17,128 (+1%)	68,132

L2 chain processing

Each column represents the number of blocks on the L2 chain where each block has 16 txs.

Metric	5 blocks	10 blocks
node_history_sync_time_in_ms	15,218 (-1%)	29,190 (+2%)
note_history_successful_decrypting_time_in_ms	2,680 (-4%)	5,267 (-3%)
note_history_trial_decrypting_time_in_ms	91.0 (-37%)	⚠️ 340 (+107%)
node_database_size_in_bytes	3,619,694	3,721,523
pxe_database_size_in_bytes	29,923	59,478

Circuits stats

Stats on running time and I/O sizes collected for every circuit run across all benchmarks.

Circuit	circuit_simulation_time_in_ms	circuit_input_size_in_bytes	circuit_output_size_in_bytes
private-kernel-init	210	44,709	25,561
private-kernel-ordering	137 (+1%)	30,953	14,809
base-rollup	1,077	128,374	881
root-rollup	82.9 (-4%)	4,088	889
private-kernel-inner	287	71,236	25,561
public-kernel-private-input	202	31,891	25,561
public-kernel-non-first-iteration	201 (+1%)	31,933	25,561
merge-rollup	9.76 (+1%)	2,608	881

Miscellaneous

Transaction sizes based on how many contracts are deployed in the tx.

Metric	0 deployed contracts	1 deployed contracts
tx_size_in_bytes	15,487	31,878