LG-422 Prevent create account using passwords from known breaches

[stevegsa]

How: Use the pwned password database locally and do a custom binary search lookup. log(550mil records) = 20 seeks * average seek time 0.1ms (ssd) = 2ms per call with very low call volume

Hi! Before submitting your PR for review, and/or before merging it, please
go through the checklists below. These represent the more critical elements
of our code quality guidelines. The rest of the list can be found in
CONTRIBUTING.md

Controllers

• When adding a new controller that requires the user to be fully
  authenticated, make sure to add before_action :confirm_two_factor_authenticated
  as the first callback.

Database

• Unsafe migrations are implemented over several PRs and over several
  deploys to avoid production errors. The strong_migrations gem
  will warn you about unsafe migrations and has great step-by-step instructions
  for various scenarios.

• Indexes were added if necessary. This article provides a good overview
  of indexes in Rails.

• Verified that the changes don't affect other apps (such as the dashboard)

• When relevant, a rake task is created to populate the necessary DB columns
  in the various environments right before deploying, taking into account the users
  who might not have interacted with this column yet (such as users who have not
  set a password yet)

• Migrations against existing tables have been tested against a copy of the
  production database. See LG-228 Make migrations safer and more resilient #2127 for an example when a migration caused deployment
  issues. In that case, all the migration did was add a new column and an index to
  the Users table, which might seem innocuous.

• When fetching a single record from the database, #take is used instead
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Encryption

• The changes are compatible with data that was encrypted with the old code.

Routes

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Session

• When adding user data to the session, use the user_session helper
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  session.

Testing

• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Prefer feature/integration specs over controller specs
• When adding code that reads data, write tests for nil values, empty strings,
  and invalid inputs.

[stevegsa]

Screenshots:

[mguzman-gov]

Please update content to "The password you entered is not safe. It's in a list of known passwords exposed in data breaches."

[achapm]

LGTM 👍

Lots of changes since this review