Geth dependency upgrade release 2.1.6

[simonlechner]

This PR updates the geth dependency version of the release branch to 1.16.9. The main branch has been updates 3 times, therefore 3 separate commits have been cherry-picked.
A test which has already been part of a previous release had to be updated to stay compatible with the stateDB interface changes.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 93.02326% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
opera/contracts/evmwriter/evm_writer.go	33.33%	2 Missing ⚠️
evmcore/tx_pool.go	66.66%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
ethapi/api.go	45.34% <100.00%> (ø)
ethapi/transaction_args.go	87.01% <100.00%> (ø)
evmcore/state_processor.go	97.08% <100.00%> (ø)
evmcore/tx_list.go	95.03% <100.00%> (ø)
gossip/evmstore/carmen.go	78.60% <100.00%> (+0.21%)	⬆️
gossip/evmstore/statedb_logger.go	44.00% <100.00%> (ø)
gossip/gasprice/reactive.go	91.04% <100.00%> (+0.06%)	⬆️
integration/makegenesis/genesis.go	82.95% <100.00%> (ø)
opera/vm_config.go	90.90% <100.00%> (ø)
utils/int.go	77.77% <100.00%> (+22.22%)	⬆️
... and 2 more

... and 7 files with indirect coverage changes

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[HerbertJordan]

I checked that:

• the PR is the merge of the cherry-picked commits
• the referenced Tosca version is correct and the Tosca version contains valid changes
• the referenced go-ethereum version is correct and it contains valid changes

@wsodsong Before releasing, a full release test, in particular covering the referenced go-ethereum version, must be conducted.

[HerbertJordan]

I undo my approval as an issue in the go-ethereum fork has been found. A unit test has been failing.

I undo my approval as an issue in the go-ethereum fork has been found. A unit test has been failing.

[HerbertJordan]

There seems to be a low-frequency flaky test in go-etheruem:

--- FAIL: TestTransactionRollbackBehavior (11.19s)
    rollback_test.go:58: all post-rollback transactions were not included
FAIL
FAIL	github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient/simulated	13.457s

It could not be reproduced and seems to be low-frequent enough to be acceptable for release testing.