From e236c603c621039e6b5edf1b294d3834d705e993 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: xun082 <73689580+xun082@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 14 Jan 2026 17:29:40 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/8] fix(core): respect environment-specific
 output.assetPrefix in dev mode

---
 .../environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js     |  6 ++++++
 packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts                   | 11 ++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js

diff --git a/e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js b/e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70137d8b05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+console.log('Node Bundle');
+
+// Import an async chunk to test chunk loading path
+import('./nodeAsync.js').then((module) => {
+  console.log(module.default);
+});
diff --git a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
index c1b02b7e1a..f562fdeadf 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,13 @@ function getPublicPath({
     if (typeof output.assetPrefix === 'string') {
       publicPath = output.assetPrefix;
     }
+  } else if (
+    typeof output.assetPrefix === 'string' &&
+    output.assetPrefix !== DEFAULT_ASSET_PREFIX
+  ) {
+    // In dev mode, prefer environment-specific `output.assetPrefix` over `dev.assetPrefix`
+    // but only if it's explicitly set to a non-default value
+    publicPath = output.assetPrefix;
   } else if (typeof dev.assetPrefix === 'string') {
     publicPath = dev.assetPrefix;
   } else if (dev.assetPrefix) {
@@ -54,7 +61,9 @@ function getPublicPath({
 
   const defaultPort = server.port ?? DEFAULT_PORT;
   const port = isDev ? (context.devServer?.port ?? defaultPort) : defaultPort;
-  return formatPublicPath(replacePortPlaceholder(publicPath, port));
+  const replacedPath = replacePortPlaceholder(publicPath, port);
+  // For empty string, preserve it as-is to enable relative paths (important for node targets)
+  return replacedPath === '' ? replacedPath : formatPublicPath(replacedPath);
 }
 
 const getJsAsyncPath = (

From 1516428a17a5dc2e5865339055d213441c0b268a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: xun082 <73689580+xun082@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 14 Jan 2026 17:49:10 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/8] fix(core): respect environment-specific
 output.assetPrefix in dev mode

---
 e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js | 6 ------
 1 file changed, 6 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js

diff --git a/e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js b/e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 70137d8b05..0000000000
--- a/e2e/cases/environments/assetprefix-override/src/node.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-console.log('Node Bundle');
-
-// Import an async chunk to test chunk loading path
-import('./nodeAsync.js').then((module) => {
-  console.log(module.default);
-});

From a6a3644bb127061ad9a4e2b7c7faa793b559147d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: xun082 <73689580+xun082@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 14 Jan 2026 17:55:56 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 3/8] fix(core): preserve empty string as valid relative path
 in public path handling

---
 packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts    | 3 ++-
 packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts | 4 +---
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts b/packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts
index 1db088395a..2219613dcf 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ export const formatPublicPath = (
   withSlash = true,
 ): string => {
   // 'auto' is a magic value in Rspack and we should not add trailing slash
-  if (publicPath === 'auto') {
+  // Empty string is a valid value representing a relative path and should be preserved
+  if (publicPath === 'auto' || publicPath === '') {
     return publicPath;
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
index f562fdeadf..8dc56a24ee 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
@@ -61,9 +61,7 @@ function getPublicPath({
 
   const defaultPort = server.port ?? DEFAULT_PORT;
   const port = isDev ? (context.devServer?.port ?? defaultPort) : defaultPort;
-  const replacedPath = replacePortPlaceholder(publicPath, port);
-  // For empty string, preserve it as-is to enable relative paths (important for node targets)
-  return replacedPath === '' ? replacedPath : formatPublicPath(replacedPath);
+  return formatPublicPath(replacePortPlaceholder(publicPath, port));
 }
 
 const getJsAsyncPath = (

From f558b9bdec76410c356278bf848d81dea6e6f917 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: xun082 <73689580+xun082@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 15 Jan 2026 11:26:24 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 4/8] fix(core): enhance public path handling to preserve empty
 string as valid relative path

---
 packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts b/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
index 9ca1950a1b..0e37a949a6 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ export const getPublicPathFromCompiler = (
 
   if (typeof publicPath === 'string') {
     // 'auto' is a magic value in Rspack and behave like `publicPath: ""`
-    if (publicPath === 'auto') {
+    // Empty string is a valid value representing a relative path and should be preserved
+    if (publicPath === 'auto' || publicPath === '') {
       return '';
     }
     return publicPath.endsWith('/') ? publicPath : `${publicPath}/`;

From e20440af8d6fa2e23a93e7ce8ebae5bcefa13070 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: xun082 <73689580+xun082@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 15 Jan 2026 11:43:39 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 5/8] fix(core): refine public path handling for server targets
 and clarify comments on empty string preservation

---
 packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts |  3 +--
 packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts      |  2 +-
 packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts   | 14 ++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts b/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
index 0e37a949a6..9ca1950a1b 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ export const getPublicPathFromCompiler = (
 
   if (typeof publicPath === 'string') {
     // 'auto' is a magic value in Rspack and behave like `publicPath: ""`
-    // Empty string is a valid value representing a relative path and should be preserved
-    if (publicPath === 'auto' || publicPath === '') {
+    if (publicPath === 'auto') {
       return '';
     }
     return publicPath.endsWith('/') ? publicPath : `${publicPath}/`;
diff --git a/packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts b/packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts
index 2219613dcf..ece1d2e5d1 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/helpers/url.ts
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const formatPublicPath = (
   withSlash = true,
 ): string => {
   // 'auto' is a magic value in Rspack and we should not add trailing slash
-  // Empty string is a valid value representing a relative path and should be preserved
+  // Empty string is a valid value representing a relative path and should be preserved (important for node targets)
   if (publicPath === 'auto' || publicPath === '') {
     return publicPath;
   }
diff --git a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
index 8dc56a24ee..a4135d5c63 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
@@ -16,15 +16,28 @@ import type {
 
 function getPublicPath({
   isDev,
+  isServer,
   config,
   context,
 }: {
   isDev: boolean;
+  isServer: boolean;
   config: NormalizedEnvironmentConfig;
   context: RsbuildContext;
 }) {
   const { dev, output, server } = config;
 
+  // For server targets (node), use empty string or explicit assetPrefix to enable relative paths
+  // This is important for worker_threads and other node-specific imports
+  // See: https://github.com/web-infra-dev/rsbuild/issues/6539
+  if (isServer) {
+    if (!isDev && typeof output.assetPrefix === 'string') {
+      return output.assetPrefix;
+    }
+    // For node targets in dev mode, use empty string by default
+    return '';
+  }
+
   let publicPath = DEFAULT_ASSET_PREFIX;
 
   // If `mode` is `production` or `none`, use `output.assetPrefix`
@@ -90,6 +103,7 @@ export const pluginOutput = (): RsbuildPlugin => ({
         const publicPath = getPublicPath({
           config,
           isDev,
+          isServer,
           context: api.context,
         });
 

From c8c78c7c18a8e2799ee71e5506254989a0c7d571 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: xun082 <73689580+xun082@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2026 11:21:48 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 6/8] fix(core): improve public path handling for server
 targets and clarify dev mode behavior

---
 packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts | 5 ++++-
 packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts   | 8 +++++++-
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts b/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
index 9ca1950a1b..36e9b63f43 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/helpers/compiler.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@ export const getPublicPathFromCompiler = (
 
   if (typeof publicPath === 'string') {
     // 'auto' is a magic value in Rspack and behave like `publicPath: ""`
-    if (publicPath === 'auto') {
+    // Empty string is a valid value representing a relative path and should be preserved
+    // This is important for server targets (node) to enable relative paths for worker_threads
+    // See: https://github.com/web-infra-dev/rsbuild/issues/6539
+    if (publicPath === 'auto' || publicPath === '') {
       return '';
     }
     return publicPath.endsWith('/') ? publicPath : `${publicPath}/`;
diff --git a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
index a4135d5c63..5ef6c43b01 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,13 @@ function getPublicPath({
     if (!isDev && typeof output.assetPrefix === 'string') {
       return output.assetPrefix;
     }
-    // For node targets in dev mode, use empty string by default
+    // In dev mode, if server.base is set, use it for SSR hydration compatibility
+    // Otherwise, use empty string by default for node targets
+    if (isDev && server.base && server.base !== '/') {
+      // Use server.base as a relative path (no protocol/hostname) for node targets
+      return formatPublicPath(server.base);
+    }
+    // For node targets in dev mode without server.base, use empty string
     return '';
   }
 

From 287fc12a20e20a1c3b1d3aa6acb9d2ff6cd1e2fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: neverland <jait.chen@foxmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2026 10:35:34 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 7/8] Revert some changes

---
 packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts | 32 ++++-------------------------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
index 5ef6c43b01..8f6f41e31d 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
@@ -16,34 +16,15 @@ import type {
 
 function getPublicPath({
   isDev,
-  isServer,
   config,
   context,
 }: {
   isDev: boolean;
-  isServer: boolean;
   config: NormalizedEnvironmentConfig;
   context: RsbuildContext;
 }) {
   const { dev, output, server } = config;
 
-  // For server targets (node), use empty string or explicit assetPrefix to enable relative paths
-  // This is important for worker_threads and other node-specific imports
-  // See: https://github.com/web-infra-dev/rsbuild/issues/6539
-  if (isServer) {
-    if (!isDev && typeof output.assetPrefix === 'string') {
-      return output.assetPrefix;
-    }
-    // In dev mode, if server.base is set, use it for SSR hydration compatibility
-    // Otherwise, use empty string by default for node targets
-    if (isDev && server.base && server.base !== '/') {
-      // Use server.base as a relative path (no protocol/hostname) for node targets
-      return formatPublicPath(server.base);
-    }
-    // For node targets in dev mode without server.base, use empty string
-    return '';
-  }
-
   let publicPath = DEFAULT_ASSET_PREFIX;
 
   // If `mode` is `production` or `none`, use `output.assetPrefix`
@@ -51,13 +32,6 @@ function getPublicPath({
     if (typeof output.assetPrefix === 'string') {
       publicPath = output.assetPrefix;
     }
-  } else if (
-    typeof output.assetPrefix === 'string' &&
-    output.assetPrefix !== DEFAULT_ASSET_PREFIX
-  ) {
-    // In dev mode, prefer environment-specific `output.assetPrefix` over `dev.assetPrefix`
-    // but only if it's explicitly set to a non-default value
-    publicPath = output.assetPrefix;
   } else if (typeof dev.assetPrefix === 'string') {
     publicPath = dev.assetPrefix;
   } else if (dev.assetPrefix) {
@@ -109,7 +83,6 @@ export const pluginOutput = (): RsbuildPlugin => ({
         const publicPath = getPublicPath({
           config,
           isDev,
-          isServer,
           context: api.context,
         });
 
@@ -141,7 +114,10 @@ export const pluginOutput = (): RsbuildPlugin => ({
                 }
               : posix.join(jsAsyncPath, jsFilename),
           )
-          .publicPath(publicPath);
+          .publicPath(publicPath)
+          .bundlerInfo({
+            force: false,
+          });
 
         if (isServer) {
           chain.output.library({

From 6648c05ac92aaa8f90ef9256dd070afed3d99414 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: neverland <jait.chen@foxmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2026 10:36:02 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 8/8] fix

---
 packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts | 5 +----
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
index 8f6f41e31d..c1b02b7e1a 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/plugins/output.ts
@@ -114,10 +114,7 @@ export const pluginOutput = (): RsbuildPlugin => ({
                 }
               : posix.join(jsAsyncPath, jsFilename),
           )
-          .publicPath(publicPath)
-          .bundlerInfo({
-            force: false,
-          });
+          .publicPath(publicPath);
 
         if (isServer) {
           chain.output.library({