diff --git a/packages/vite/rolldown.config.ts b/packages/vite/rolldown.config.ts
index a99b66e54a829f..5e26173dc7b722 100644
--- a/packages/vite/rolldown.config.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/rolldown.config.ts
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ const moduleRunnerConfig = defineConfig({
     '@vitejs/devtools/cli-commands',
     ...Object.keys(pkg.dependencies),
   ],
-  plugins: [bundleSizeLimit(54), enableSourceMapsInWatchModePlugin()],
+  plugins: [bundleSizeLimit(55), enableSourceMapsInWatchModePlugin()],
   output: {
     ...sharedNodeOptions.output,
     minify: {
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/module-runner/utils.ts b/packages/vite/src/module-runner/utils.ts
index 576991610b4d6b..9e2ed6e435afc6 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/module-runner/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/module-runner/utils.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
 import * as pathe from 'pathe'
 import { isWindows } from '../shared/utils'
 
-export const decodeBase64: typeof atob =
-  typeof atob !== 'undefined'
-    ? atob
-    : (str: string) => Buffer.from(str, 'base64').toString('utf-8')
+const textDecoder = new TextDecoder()
+
+export const decodeBase64: (base64: string) => string = (() => {
+  if (typeof Buffer === 'function' && typeof Buffer.from === 'function') {
+    return (base64: string) => Buffer.from(base64, 'base64').toString('utf-8')
+  }
+
+  return (base64: string) =>
+    textDecoder.decode(Uint8Array.from(atob(base64), (c) => c.charCodeAt(0)))
+})()
 
 const CHAR_FORWARD_SLASH = 47
 const CHAR_BACKWARD_SLASH = 92