diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/filterRegex.spec.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/filterRegex.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..088c85d7018f0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/filterRegex.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from 'vitest'
+import { assetImportMetaUrlRE } from '../plugins/assetImportMetaUrl'
+import { workerImportMetaUrlRE } from '../plugins/workerImportMetaUrl'
+
+describe('filter regexes do not cause catastrophic backtracking', () => {
+  const largeCode =
+    `new URL('https://example.com');\n`.repeat(200) +
+    `var a = 1;\n`.repeat(200_000)
+
+  test('assetImportMetaUrlRE completes without backtracking on large files', () => {
+    assetImportMetaUrlRE.lastIndex = 0
+    expect(assetImportMetaUrlRE.test(largeCode)).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  test('workerImportMetaUrlRE completes without backtracking on large files', () => {
+    workerImportMetaUrlRE.lastIndex = 0
+    expect(workerImportMetaUrlRE.test(largeCode)).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  test('assetImportMetaUrlRE still matches valid patterns', () => {
+    assetImportMetaUrlRE.lastIndex = 0
+    expect(
+      assetImportMetaUrlRE.test(`new URL('./asset.png', import.meta.url)`),
+    ).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  test('workerImportMetaUrlRE still matches valid patterns', () => {
+    workerImportMetaUrlRE.lastIndex = 0
+    expect(
+      workerImportMetaUrlRE.test(
+        `new Worker(new URL('./worker.js', import.meta.url))`,
+      ),
+    ).toBe(true)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/rolldownDepPlugin.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/rolldownDepPlugin.ts
index d9356127695de4..90660b6e5fb145 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/rolldownDepPlugin.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/rolldownDepPlugin.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import type { Environment } from '../environment'
 import { createBackCompatIdResolver } from '../idResolver'
 import { isWindows } from '../../shared/utils'
 import { hasViteIgnoreRE } from '../plugins/importAnalysis'
+import { assetImportMetaUrlRE } from '../plugins/assetImportMetaUrl'
 
 const externalWithConversionNamespace =
   'vite:dep-pre-bundle:external-conversion'
@@ -313,16 +314,15 @@ export function rolldownDepPlugin(
       },
       transform: {
         filter: {
-          code: /new\s+URL.+import\.meta\.url/s,
+          code: assetImportMetaUrlRE,
         },
         async handler(code, id) {
           let s: MagicString | undefined
-          const assetImportMetaUrlRE =
-            /\bnew\s+URL\s*\(\s*('[^']+'|"[^"]+"|`[^`]+`)\s*,\s*import\.meta\.url\s*(?:,\s*)?\)/dg
+          const re = new RegExp(assetImportMetaUrlRE)
           const cleanString = stripLiteral(code)
 
           let match: RegExpExecArray | null
-          while ((match = assetImportMetaUrlRE.exec(cleanString))) {
+          while ((match = re.exec(cleanString))) {
             const [[startIndex, endIndex], [urlStart, urlEnd]] = match.indices!
             if (hasViteIgnoreRE.test(code.slice(startIndex, urlStart))) continue
 
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/assetImportMetaUrl.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/assetImportMetaUrl.ts
index 803441509f5221..b28da927b0e523 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/assetImportMetaUrl.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/assetImportMetaUrl.ts
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ import { hasViteIgnoreRE } from './importAnalysis'
  * import.meta.glob('./dir/**.png', { eager: true, import: 'default' })[`./dir/${name}.png`]
  * ```
  */
+export const assetImportMetaUrlRE: RegExp =
+  /\bnew\s+URL\s*\(\s*('[^']+'|"[^"]+"|`[^`]+`)\s*,\s*import\.meta\.url\s*(?:,\s*)?\)/dg
+
 export function assetImportMetaUrlPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
   const { publicDir } = config
   let assetResolver: ResolveIdFn
@@ -56,16 +59,15 @@ export function assetImportMetaUrlPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
         id: {
           exclude: [exactRegex(preloadHelperId), exactRegex(CLIENT_ENTRY)],
         },
-        code: /new\s+URL.+import\.meta\.url/s,
+        code: assetImportMetaUrlRE,
       },
       async handler(code, id) {
         let s: MagicString | undefined
-        const assetImportMetaUrlRE =
-          /\bnew\s+URL\s*\(\s*('[^']+'|"[^"]+"|`[^`]+`)\s*,\s*import\.meta\.url\s*(?:,\s*)?\)/dg
+        const re = new RegExp(assetImportMetaUrlRE)
         const cleanString = stripLiteral(code)
 
         let match: RegExpExecArray | null
-        while ((match = assetImportMetaUrlRE.exec(cleanString))) {
+        while ((match = re.exec(cleanString))) {
           const [[startIndex, endIndex], [urlStart, urlEnd]] = match.indices!
           if (hasViteIgnoreRE.test(code.slice(startIndex, urlStart))) continue
 
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.ts
index 27932b5df751d6..84c249f4829882 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.ts
@@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ async function getWorkerType(
   return 'classic'
 }
 
-const workerImportMetaUrlRE =
-  /new\s+(?:Worker|SharedWorker)\s*\(\s*new\s+URL.+?import\.meta\.url/s
+export const workerImportMetaUrlRE: RegExp =
+  /\bnew\s+(?:Worker|SharedWorker)\s*\(\s*(new\s+URL\s*\(\s*('[^']+'|"[^"]+"|`[^`]+`)\s*,\s*import\.meta\.url\s*(?:,\s*)?\))/dg
 
 export function workerImportMetaUrlPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
   const isBundled = config.isBundled
@@ -209,11 +209,10 @@ export function workerImportMetaUrlPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
       async handler(code, id) {
         let s: MagicString | undefined
         const cleanString = stripLiteral(code)
-        const workerImportMetaUrlRE =
-          /\bnew\s+(?:Worker|SharedWorker)\s*\(\s*(new\s+URL\s*\(\s*('[^']+'|"[^"]+"|`[^`]+`)\s*,\s*import\.meta\.url\s*(?:,\s*)?\))/dg
+        const re = new RegExp(workerImportMetaUrlRE)
 
         let match: RegExpExecArray | null
-        while ((match = workerImportMetaUrlRE.exec(cleanString))) {
+        while ((match = re.exec(cleanString))) {
           const [[, endIndex], [expStart, expEnd], [urlStart, urlEnd]] =
             match.indices!