diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/resolve.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/resolve.ts
index 26c30b9a9c9edc..5932b720875bef 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/resolve.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/resolve.ts
@@ -730,9 +730,11 @@ export function tryNodeResolve(
     ) {
       const mainPkg = findNearestMainPackageData(basedir, packageCache)?.data
       if (mainPkg) {
+        const pkgName = getNpmPackageName(id)
         if (
-          mainPkg.peerDependencies?.[id] &&
-          mainPkg.peerDependenciesMeta?.[id]?.optional
+          pkgName != null &&
+          mainPkg.peerDependencies?.[pkgName] &&
+          mainPkg.peerDependenciesMeta?.[pkgName]?.optional
         ) {
           return {
             id: `${optionalPeerDepId}:${id}:${mainPkg.name}`,
diff --git a/playground/optimize-deps/__tests__/optimize-deps.spec.ts b/playground/optimize-deps/__tests__/optimize-deps.spec.ts
index 1e54aa1bd700b5..a42e8838288e9e 100644
--- a/playground/optimize-deps/__tests__/optimize-deps.spec.ts
+++ b/playground/optimize-deps/__tests__/optimize-deps.spec.ts
@@ -108,6 +108,19 @@ test('dep with optional peer dep', async () => {
   }
 })
 
+test('dep with optional peer dep submodule', async () => {
+  expect(
+    await page.textContent('.dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule'),
+  ).toMatch(`[success]`)
+  if (isServe) {
+    expect(browserErrors.map((error) => error.message)).toEqual(
+      expect.arrayContaining([
+        'Could not resolve "foobar/baz" imported by "@vitejs/test-dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule". Is it installed?',
+      ]),
+    )
+  }
+})
+
 test('dep with css import', async () => {
   expect(await getColor('.dep-linked-include')).toBe('red')
 })
diff --git a/playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule/index.js b/playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..d2ace777ebf930
--- /dev/null
+++ b/playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export function callItself() {
+  return '[success]'
+}
+
+export async function callPeerDepSubmodule() {
+  return await import('foobar/baz')
+}
diff --git a/playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule/package.json b/playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..82dcdff5dea262
--- /dev/null
+++ b/playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "name": "@vitejs/test-dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule",
+  "private": true,
+  "version": "0.0.0",
+  "main": "index.js",
+  "type": "module",
+  "peerDependencies": {
+    "foobar": "0.0.0"
+  },
+  "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+    "foobar": {
+      "optional": true
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/playground/optimize-deps/index.html b/playground/optimize-deps/index.html
index 6cf34f1f4c3469..af31bcff8a4d29 100644
--- a/playground/optimize-deps/index.html
+++ b/playground/optimize-deps/index.html
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ <h2>Import from dependency with dynamic import</h2>
 <h2>Import from dependency with optional peer dep</h2>
 <div class="dep-with-optional-peer-dep"></div>
 
+<h2>Import from dependency with optional peer dep submodule</h2>
+<div class="dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule"></div>
+
 <h2>Externalize known non-js files in optimize included dep</h2>
 <div class="externalize-known-non-js"></div>
 
@@ -205,6 +208,16 @@ <h2>Pre bundle css modules require</h2>
   callPeerDep()
 </script>
 
+<script type="module">
+  import {
+    callItself,
+    callPeerDepSubmodule,
+  } from '@vitejs/test-dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule'
+  text('.dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule', callItself())
+  // expect error as optional peer dep not installed
+  callPeerDepSubmodule()
+</script>
+
 <script type="module">
   // should error on builtin modules (named import)
   // no node: protocol intentionally
diff --git a/playground/optimize-deps/package.json b/playground/optimize-deps/package.json
index c992601d1a1d84..b5c74e13bbc738 100644
--- a/playground/optimize-deps/package.json
+++ b/playground/optimize-deps/package.json
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     "@vitejs/test-dep-with-builtin-module-esm": "file:./dep-with-builtin-module-esm",
     "@vitejs/test-dep-with-dynamic-import": "file:./dep-with-dynamic-import",
     "@vitejs/test-dep-with-optional-peer-dep": "file:./dep-with-optional-peer-dep",
+    "@vitejs/test-dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule": "file:./dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule",
     "@vitejs/test-dep-non-optimized": "file:./dep-non-optimized",
     "@vitejs/test-added-in-entries": "file:./added-in-entries",
     "lodash-es": "^4.17.21",
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index 83017836b874ba..02d818d0ed8896 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -873,6 +873,9 @@ importers:
       '@vitejs/test-dep-with-optional-peer-dep':
         specifier: file:./dep-with-optional-peer-dep
         version: file:playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep
+      '@vitejs/test-dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule':
+        specifier: file:./dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule
+        version: file:playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule
       '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude':
         specifier: file:./nested-exclude
         version: file:playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude
@@ -979,6 +982,8 @@ importers:
 
   playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep: {}
 
+  playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule: {}
+
   playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude:
     dependencies:
       '@vitejs/test-nested-include':
@@ -10979,6 +10984,16 @@ packages:
         optional: true
     dev: false
 
+  file:playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule:
+    resolution: {directory: playground/optimize-deps/dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule, type: directory}
+    name: '@vitejs/test-dep-with-optional-peer-dep-submodule'
+    peerDependencies:
+      foobar: 0.0.0
+    peerDependenciesMeta:
+      foobar:
+        optional: true
+    dev: false
+
   file:playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude:
     resolution: {directory: playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude, type: directory}
     name: '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude'