diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/AppsClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/AppsClient.swift
index e3f4b277b5c..0553487fd94 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/AppsClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/AppsClient.swift
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 ///
 /// Covers listing, opening, deleting, previewing, bundling, sharing, and
 /// version history for both local and shared apps.
-@MainActor
 public protocol AppsClientProtocol {
     func fetchAppsList() async -> AppsListResponse?
     func openApp(id: String) async -> AppOpenResult?
@@ -36,7 +35,6 @@ public struct AppOpenResult: Sendable {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``AppsClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct AppsClient: AppsClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/BtwClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/BtwClient.swift
index a0e1c809856..2169086d391 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/BtwClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/BtwClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "BtwClient")
 
 /// Focused client for BTW side-chain messages routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol BtwClientProtocol {
     func sendMessage(content: String, conversationKey: String) -> AsyncThrowingStream<String, Error>
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``BtwClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct BtwClient: BtwClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
@@ -18,7 +16,7 @@ public struct BtwClient: BtwClientProtocol {
     /// Returns an `AsyncThrowingStream` that yields text deltas from SSE `btw_text_delta` events.
     public func sendMessage(content: String, conversationKey: String) -> AsyncThrowingStream<String, Error> {
         return AsyncThrowingStream { continuation in
-            let task = Task { @MainActor in
+            let task = Task {
                 do {
                     try await Self.streamBtw(content: content, conversationKey: conversationKey, continuation: continuation)
                 } catch {
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ChannelClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ChannelClient.swift
index f48cb389bdc..b2d2b06debf 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ChannelClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ChannelClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ChannelClient")
 
 /// Focused client for channel readiness operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ChannelClientProtocol {
     func fetchChannelReadiness() async -> [String: ChannelReadinessInfo]
 }
@@ -45,7 +44,6 @@ public struct ReadinessCheck: Sendable {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ChannelClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ChannelClient: ChannelClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ComputerUseClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ComputerUseClient.swift
index 16b8972de89..9f9bc97c7ad 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ComputerUseClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ComputerUseClient.swift
@@ -4,14 +4,12 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ComputerUseClient")
 
 /// Focused client for watch observation and recording lifecycle operations via the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ComputerUseClientProtocol {
     func sendWatchObservation(_ msg: WatchObservationMessage) async -> Bool
     func sendRecordingStatus(_ msg: RecordingStatus) async -> Bool
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ComputerUseClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ComputerUseClient: ComputerUseClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ContactClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ContactClient.swift
index 6a520e29bc7..dbcbf7a2980 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ContactClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ContactClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ContactClient")
 
 /// Focused client for contact management operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ContactClientProtocol {
     func updateContact(
         contactId: String,
@@ -51,7 +50,6 @@ public struct NewContactChannel: Codable {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ContactClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ContactClient: ContactClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationClient.swift
index a3629dcb425..e65ae5575bf 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ConversationClient")
 
 /// Focused client for conversation-related operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ConversationClientProtocol {
     func fetchMessageContent(conversationId: String, messageId: String) async -> MessageContentResponse?
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ConversationClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ConversationClient: ConversationClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationDetailClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationDetailClient.swift
index 14759ded83c..ed5d6731caf 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationDetailClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationDetailClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ConversationDetailClient")
 
 /// Focused client for fetching a single conversation summary through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ConversationDetailClientProtocol {
     func fetchConversation(conversationId: String) async -> ConversationListResponseItem?
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ConversationDetailClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ConversationDetailClient: ConversationDetailClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationForkClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationForkClient.swift
index 96197c51633..e1dc202ad93 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationForkClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationForkClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ConversationForkClient")
 
 /// Focused client for creating conversation forks through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ConversationForkClientProtocol {
     func forkConversation(conversationId: String, throughMessageId: String?) async -> ConversationListResponseItem?
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ConversationForkClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ConversationForkClient: ConversationForkClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationHistoryClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationHistoryClient.swift
index 149d7ffb490..a16223cb784 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationHistoryClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationHistoryClient.swift
@@ -5,13 +5,11 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 private let perfLog = OSLog(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: .pointsOfInterest)
 
 /// Focused client for conversation history operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ConversationHistoryClientProtocol {
     func fetchHistory(conversationId: String, limit: Int?, beforeTimestamp: Double?, mode: String?, maxTextChars: Int?, maxToolResultChars: Int?) async -> HistoryResponse?
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ConversationHistoryClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ConversationHistoryClient: ConversationHistoryClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationListClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationListClient.swift
index 21a4389dbf1..8795d3387bf 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationListClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationListClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ConversationListClient")
 
 /// Focused client for conversation list and management operations via the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ConversationListClientProtocol {
     func fetchConversationList(offset: Int, limit: Int) async -> ConversationListResponse?
     func switchConversation(conversationId: String) async -> Bool
@@ -18,7 +17,6 @@ public protocol ConversationListClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ConversationListClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ConversationListClient: ConversationListClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationQueueClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationQueueClient.swift
index 94c231b7955..258ac075178 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationQueueClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationQueueClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ConversationQueueClient")
 
 /// Focused client for message queue operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ConversationQueueClientProtocol {
     func deleteQueuedMessage(conversationId: String, requestId: String) async -> Bool
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ConversationQueueClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ConversationQueueClient: ConversationQueueClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationUnreadClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationUnreadClient.swift
index 75edfaefcf5..dcf3b55315d 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ConversationUnreadClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ConversationUnreadClient.swift
@@ -16,13 +16,11 @@ public enum ConversationUnreadError: LocalizedError {
 }
 
 /// Focused client for marking conversations as unread through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ConversationUnreadClientProtocol {
     func sendConversationUnread(_ signal: ConversationUnreadSignal) async throws
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ConversationUnreadClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ConversationUnreadClient: ConversationUnreadClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/DiagnosticsClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/DiagnosticsClient.swift
index 3c077ce55da..fc765616e82 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/DiagnosticsClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/DiagnosticsClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "DiagnosticsClient")
 
 /// Focused client for diagnostics operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol DiagnosticsClientProtocol {
     func fetchEnvVars() async -> EnvVarsResponseMessage?
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``DiagnosticsClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct DiagnosticsClient: DiagnosticsClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/DictationClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/DictationClient.swift
index 600328780fa..e55523ffb9b 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/DictationClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/DictationClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "DictationClient")
 
 /// Focused client for dictation requests routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol DictationClientProtocol {
     func process(_ request: DictationRequest) async -> DictationResponseMessage
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``DictationClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct DictationClient: DictationClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/DocumentClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/DocumentClient.swift
index 0dc6e4ec133..8e4147172aa 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/DocumentClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/DocumentClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "DocumentClient")
 
 /// Focused client for document persistence operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol DocumentClientProtocol {
     func fetchList(conversationId: String?) async -> DocumentListResponse?
     func fetchDocument(surfaceId: String) async -> DocumentLoadResponse?
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ public protocol DocumentClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``DocumentClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct DocumentClient: DocumentClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/FeatureFlagClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/FeatureFlagClient.swift
index 38c50d3f425..0f1d19c81b7 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/FeatureFlagClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/FeatureFlagClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "FeatureFlagClient")
 
 /// Focused client for feature-flag and privacy-config operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol FeatureFlagClientProtocol {
     func getFeatureFlags() async throws -> [AssistantFeatureFlag]
     func setFeatureFlag(key: String, enabled: Bool) async throws
@@ -64,7 +63,6 @@ public enum FeatureFlagError: Error, LocalizedError {
 // MARK: - Gateway-Backed Implementation
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``FeatureFlagClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct FeatureFlagClient: FeatureFlagClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/GatewayConnectionManager.swift b/clients/shared/Network/GatewayConnectionManager.swift
index 376e8a8267b..26ce7b9c63a 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/GatewayConnectionManager.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/GatewayConnectionManager.swift
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ public final class GatewayConnectionManager: ObservableObject {
 
     private func performHealthCheck() async throws {
         do {
-            let isManaged = (try? GatewayHTTPClient.isConnectionManaged()) ?? false
+            let isManaged = (try? await GatewayHTTPClient.isConnectionManaged()) ?? false
             let healthPath = isManaged ? "assistants/{assistantId}/health" : "health"
             let response = try await GatewayHTTPClient.get(
                 path: healthPath,
@@ -280,8 +280,8 @@ public final class GatewayConnectionManager: ObservableObject {
 
             guard response.isSuccess else {
                 if response.statusCode == 401 {
-                    handleAuthenticationFailure()
-                    let isManaged = (try? GatewayHTTPClient.isConnectionManaged()) ?? false
+                    await handleAuthenticationFailure()
+                    let isManaged = (try? await GatewayHTTPClient.isConnectionManaged()) ?? false
                     if isManaged {
                         shouldReconnect = false
                     }
@@ -481,8 +481,8 @@ public final class GatewayConnectionManager: ObservableObject {
 
     // MARK: - 401 Recovery
 
-    private func handleAuthenticationFailure() {
-        let isManaged = (try? GatewayHTTPClient.isConnectionManaged()) ?? false
+    private func handleAuthenticationFailure() async {
+        let isManaged = (try? await GatewayHTTPClient.isConnectionManaged()) ?? false
         if isManaged {
             log.warning("401 in managed mode — session token may be expired")
             eventStreamClient.broadcastMessage(.conversationError(ConversationErrorMessage(
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/GatewayHTTPClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/GatewayHTTPClient.swift
index 2b7566e3d01..257913a3479 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/GatewayHTTPClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/GatewayHTTPClient.swift
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 ///
 ///     let response = try await GatewayHTTPClient.get(path: "health")
 ///     let response = try await GatewayHTTPClient.post(path: "assistants/upgrade")
-@MainActor
 public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
 
     /// Response from a gateway HTTP request.
@@ -225,7 +224,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
     /// - Returns: A ``DownloadResponse`` with the local file URL and HTTP status code.
     /// - Throws: `ClientError` if the request cannot be constructed, or network errors from `URLSession`.
     public static func download(path: String, params: [String: String]? = nil, timeout: TimeInterval = 30) async throws -> DownloadResponse {
-        let connection = try resolveConnection()
+        let connection = try await resolveConnection()
         let request = try buildRequest(path: path, params: params, method: "GET", timeout: timeout, connection: connection)
         let response = try await executeDownload(request)
 
@@ -240,7 +239,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
         // Clean up the 401 download only after confirming we will retry.
         try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: response.fileURL)
 
-        let freshConnection = try resolveConnection()
+        let freshConnection = try await resolveConnection()
         let retryRequest = try buildRequest(path: path, params: params, method: "GET", timeout: timeout, connection: freshConnection)
         return try await executeDownload(retryRequest)
     }
@@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
     /// - Returns: A tuple of `(URLSession.AsyncBytes, URLResponse)` for streaming consumption.
     /// - Throws: `ClientError` if the request cannot be constructed, or network errors from `URLSession`.
     public static func stream(path: String, timeout: TimeInterval = 30) async throws -> (URLSession.AsyncBytes, URLResponse) {
-        let connection = try resolveConnection()
+        let connection = try await resolveConnection()
         var request = try buildRequest(path: path, params: nil, method: "GET", timeout: timeout, connection: connection)
         request.setValue("text/event-stream", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
         logOutgoing(request, quiet: false)
@@ -279,7 +278,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
     /// - Returns: A tuple of `(URLSession.AsyncBytes, URLResponse)` for streaming consumption.
     /// - Throws: `ClientError` if the request cannot be constructed, or network errors from `URLSession`.
     public static func streamPost(path: String, body: Data, timeout: TimeInterval = 30) async throws -> (URLSession.AsyncBytes, URLResponse) {
-        let connection = try resolveConnection()
+        let connection = try await resolveConnection()
         var request = try buildRequest(path: path, params: nil, method: "POST", timeout: timeout, connection: connection)
         request.setValue("text/event-stream", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
         request.httpBody = body
@@ -307,7 +306,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
     ///   `URLError(.userAuthenticationRequired)` if credential refresh fails,
     ///   or network errors from `URLSession`.
     public static func streamPostWithRetry(path: String, body: Data, timeout: TimeInterval = 30) async throws -> (URLSession.AsyncBytes, URLResponse) {
-        let connection = try resolveConnection()
+        let connection = try await resolveConnection()
         var request = try buildRequest(path: path, params: nil, method: "POST", timeout: timeout, connection: connection)
         request.setValue("text/event-stream", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
         request.httpBody = body
@@ -334,7 +333,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
         }
 
         // Rebuild with fresh credentials from the credential store.
-        let freshConnection = try resolveConnection()
+        let freshConnection = try await resolveConnection()
         var retryRequest = try buildRequest(path: path, params: nil, method: "POST", timeout: timeout, connection: freshConnection)
         retryRequest.setValue("text/event-stream", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
         retryRequest.httpBody = body
@@ -373,7 +372,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
     /// - iOS: Uses UserDefaults for managed assistants (`managed_assistant_id` +
     ///   `managed_platform_base_url`) and QR-paired assistants (`gateway_base_url`),
     ///   with tokens from credential storage via `SessionTokenManager` / `ActorTokenManager`.
-    private static func resolveConnection() throws -> ConnectionInfo {
+    private static func resolveConnection() async throws -> ConnectionInfo {
         #if os(macOS)
         guard let assistant = resolveConnectedAssistant() else {
             throw ClientError.noConnectedAssistant
@@ -383,7 +382,12 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
             guard let token = SessionTokenManager.getToken(), !token.isEmpty else {
                 throw ClientError.notAuthenticated
             }
-            let baseURL = assistant.runtimeUrl ?? AuthService.shared.baseURL
+            let baseURL: String
+            if let runtimeUrl = assistant.runtimeUrl {
+                baseURL = runtimeUrl
+            } else {
+                baseURL = await AuthService.shared.baseURL
+            }
             return ConnectionInfo(baseURL: baseURL, authHeader: ("X-Session-Token", token), assistantId: assistant.assistantId, isManaged: true)
         } else {
             let token = ActorTokenManager.getToken()
@@ -447,8 +451,8 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
     /// Callers can use this to decide whether request paths need the
     /// `assistants/{assistantId}/` scope prefix (required by the platform) or
     /// should use flat paths (required by non-managed runtimes).
-    public static func isConnectionManaged() throws -> Bool {
-        return try resolveConnection().isManaged
+    public static func isConnectionManaged() async throws -> Bool {
+        return try await resolveConnection().isManaged
     }
 
     /// Constructs a gateway URL for the given path and query parameters.
@@ -462,8 +466,8 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
     ///   - params: Optional query parameters.
     /// - Returns: The fully-qualified URL with `{assistantId}` resolved.
     /// - Throws: `ClientError` if the connection cannot be resolved or the URL is invalid.
-    public static func buildURL(path: String, params: [String: String]? = nil) throws -> URL {
-        let connection = try resolveConnection()
+    public static func buildURL(path: String, params: [String: String]? = nil) async throws -> URL {
+        let connection = try await resolveConnection()
         return try constructURL(path: path, params: params, connection: connection)
     }
 
@@ -595,7 +599,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
         quiet: Bool = false,
         configure: ((_ request: inout URLRequest) -> Void)? = nil
     ) async throws -> Response {
-        let connection = try resolveConnection()
+        let connection = try await resolveConnection()
         var request = try buildRequest(path: path, params: params, method: method, timeout: timeout, connection: connection)
         configure?(&request)
         let response = try await execute(request, quiet: quiet)
@@ -609,7 +613,7 @@ public enum GatewayHTTPClient {
         }
 
         // Rebuild with fresh credentials from the credential store.
-        let freshConnection = try resolveConnection()
+        let freshConnection = try await resolveConnection()
         var retryRequest = try buildRequest(path: path, params: params, method: method, timeout: timeout, connection: freshConnection)
         configure?(&retryRequest)
         return try await execute(retryRequest, quiet: quiet)
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/GuardianClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/GuardianClient.swift
index 75a920d5e61..ea896649180 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/GuardianClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/GuardianClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "GuardianClient")
 
 /// Focused client for guardian operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol GuardianClientProtocol {
     func fetchPendingActions(conversationId: String) async -> GuardianActionsPendingResponseMessage?
     func submitDecision(requestId: String, action: String, conversationId: String?) async -> GuardianActionDecisionResponseMessage?
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ public protocol GuardianClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``GuardianClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct GuardianClient: GuardianClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/HealthCheckClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/HealthCheckClient.swift
index 8d0d818f00b..e2d29245841 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/HealthCheckClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/HealthCheckClient.swift
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 /// Local assistants are checked by hitting their own gateway's `/readyz` endpoint
 /// directly (unauthenticated). Remote/managed assistants route through
 /// `GatewayHTTPClient` which handles URL resolution, authentication, and 401 retry.
-@MainActor
 public enum HealthCheckClient {
 
     /// Check whether the currently connected assistant is reachable.
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/HeartbeatClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/HeartbeatClient.swift
index 221e8b94783..2285f44e876 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/HeartbeatClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/HeartbeatClient.swift
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 ///
 /// Covers heartbeat configuration, run history, on-demand runs, and checklist
 /// management.
-@MainActor
 public protocol HeartbeatClientProtocol {
     func fetchConfig() async -> HeartbeatConfigResponse?
     func updateConfig(enabled: Bool?, intervalMs: Double?, activeHoursStart: Double?, activeHoursEnd: Double?) async -> HeartbeatConfigResponse?
@@ -18,7 +17,6 @@ public protocol HeartbeatClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``HeartbeatClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct HeartbeatClient: HeartbeatClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/HostProxyClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/HostProxyClient.swift
index d2bbbb85aee..3168c871d97 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/HostProxyClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/HostProxyClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "HostProxyClient")
 
 /// Focused client for posting host proxy execution results back to the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol HostProxyClientProtocol {
     func postBashResult(_ result: HostBashResultPayload) async -> Bool
     func postFileResult(_ result: HostFileResultPayload) async -> Bool
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ public protocol HostProxyClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``HostProxyClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct HostProxyClient: HostProxyClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/HostToolExecutor.swift b/clients/shared/Network/HostToolExecutor.swift
index 6e6ce314173..77218571834 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/HostToolExecutor.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/HostToolExecutor.swift
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ public enum HostToolExecutor {
     /// Execute a host bash request locally and post the result back to the daemon.
     /// Spawns `/bin/bash -c -- <command>` via `Foundation.Process`, enforces a
     /// timeout, and collects stdout/stderr.
-    @MainActor
     public static func executeHostBashRequest(_ request: HostBashRequest) {
         Task.detached {
             // If already cancelled before we start, skip entirely
@@ -234,7 +233,6 @@ public enum HostToolExecutor {
     #if os(macOS)
     /// Execute a host file request locally and post the result back to the daemon.
     /// Dispatches by operation: read, write, or edit.
-    @MainActor
     public static func executeHostFileRequest(_ request: HostFileRequest) {
         Task.detached {
             // Check cancellation BEFORE performing the file operation to prevent
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/IdentityClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/IdentityClient.swift
index 5983b82b1b4..8ddb65372f5 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/IdentityClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/IdentityClient.swift
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ public struct RemoteIdentityInfo: Decodable {
 }
 
 /// Focused client for fetching remote assistant identity via the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol IdentityClientProtocol {
     func fetchRemoteIdentity() async -> RemoteIdentityInfo?
     func fetchIdentity() async -> IdentityGetResponse?
@@ -37,7 +36,6 @@ public protocol IdentityClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``IdentityClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct IdentityClient: IdentityClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/IntegrationClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/IntegrationClient.swift
index 8e5467cc095..8fef2091b37 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/IntegrationClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/IntegrationClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "IntegrationClient")
 
 /// Focused client for integration status operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol IntegrationClientProtocol {
     func fetchIntegrationsStatus() async -> IntegrationsStatusResponse?
 }
@@ -18,7 +17,6 @@ public struct IntegrationsStatusResponse: Decodable, Sendable {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``IntegrationClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct IntegrationClient: IntegrationClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/InteractionClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/InteractionClient.swift
index 06ba8f4414a..5c2543d1e83 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/InteractionClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/InteractionClient.swift
@@ -5,14 +5,12 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 
 /// Focused client for user interaction responses (confirmations, secrets)
 /// routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol InteractionClientProtocol {
     func sendConfirmationResponse(requestId: String, decision: String, selectedPattern: String?, selectedScope: String?) async -> Bool
     func sendSecretResponse(requestId: String, value: String?, delivery: String?) async -> Bool
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``InteractionClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct InteractionClient: InteractionClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
@@ -31,7 +29,7 @@ public struct InteractionClient: InteractionClientProtocol {
             if let selectedPattern { body["selectedPattern"] = selectedPattern }
             if let selectedScope { body["selectedScope"] = selectedScope }
 
-            let path = try Self.approvalPath(endpoint: "confirm")
+            let path = try await Self.approvalPath(endpoint: "confirm")
             log.info("[confirm-flow] Sending POST /confirm: requestId=\(requestId, privacy: .public) decision=\(decision, privacy: .public)")
             let response = try await GatewayHTTPClient.post(path: path, json: body, timeout: 10)
             if !response.isSuccess {
@@ -80,7 +78,7 @@ public struct InteractionClient: InteractionClientProtocol {
             body["value"] = value ?? ""
             if let delivery { body["delivery"] = delivery }
 
-            let path = try Self.approvalPath(endpoint: "secret")
+            let path = try await Self.approvalPath(endpoint: "secret")
             let response = try await GatewayHTTPClient.post(path: path, json: body, timeout: 10)
             if !response.isSuccess {
                 log.error("sendSecretResponse failed (HTTP \(response.statusCode))")
@@ -101,8 +99,8 @@ public struct InteractionClient: InteractionClientProtocol {
     /// Managed connections route through the platform proxy which expects
     /// `assistants/{assistantId}/<endpoint>`. Non-managed connections (local
     /// gateway or direct remote runtime) use flat `<endpoint>` paths.
-    private static func approvalPath(endpoint: String) throws -> String {
-        let managed = try GatewayHTTPClient.isConnectionManaged()
+    private static func approvalPath(endpoint: String) async throws -> String {
+        let managed = try await GatewayHTTPClient.isConnectionManaged()
         return managed ? "assistants/{assistantId}/\(endpoint)" : endpoint
     }
 }
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/LLMContextClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/LLMContextClient.swift
index 46326cb16b8..e1511258f31 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/LLMContextClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/LLMContextClient.swift
@@ -525,14 +525,12 @@ public enum LLMContextFetchResult: Sendable {
 
 /// Focused client for fetching LLM request/response context for a given message,
 /// routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol LLMContextClientProtocol {
     func fetchContext(messageId: String) async -> LLMContextResponse?
     func fetchContextResult(messageId: String) async throws -> LLMContextFetchResult
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``LLMContextClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct LLMContextClient: LLMContextClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/MemoryItemClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/MemoryItemClient.swift
index 567f18e3f74..a58aeb5ed7d 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/MemoryItemClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/MemoryItemClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "MemoryItemClient")
 
 /// Focused client for memory item operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol MemoryItemClientProtocol {
     func fetchMemoryItems(
         kind: String?,
@@ -39,7 +38,6 @@ public protocol MemoryItemClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``MemoryItemClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct MemoryItemClient: MemoryItemClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/MessageClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/MessageClient.swift
index 009c899c649..49461994480 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/MessageClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/MessageClient.swift
@@ -25,14 +25,12 @@ public enum MessageSendResult: Sendable {
 }
 
 /// Focused client for uploading attachments and sending user messages.
-@MainActor
 public protocol MessageClientProtocol {
     func uploadAttachment(filename: String, mimeType: String, data: String, filePath: String?) async -> AttachmentUploadResult
     func sendMessage(content: String?, conversationKey: String, attachmentIds: [String], conversationType: String?, automated: Bool?, bypassSecretCheck: Bool?) async -> MessageSendResult
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``MessageClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct MessageClient: MessageClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/NotificationClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/NotificationClient.swift
index fd663173c78..11744e2299d 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/NotificationClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/NotificationClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "NotificationClient")
 
 /// Focused client for notification delivery acknowledgments.
-@MainActor
 public protocol NotificationClientProtocol {
     func sendIntentResult(deliveryId: String, success: Bool, errorMessage: String?, errorCode: String?) async
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``NotificationClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct NotificationClient: NotificationClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/PairingClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/PairingClient.swift
index ae4cf995331..490f6b4549e 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/PairingClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/PairingClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "PairingClient")
 
 /// Focused client for pairing approval and device management operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol PairingClientProtocol {
     func sendPairingApprovalResponse(pairingRequestId: String, decision: String) async throws -> Bool
     func fetchApprovedDevices() async throws -> [ApprovedDevicesListResponseMessage.Device]
@@ -13,7 +12,6 @@ public protocol PairingClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``PairingClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct PairingClient: PairingClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/PublishClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/PublishClient.swift
index 39cb657888e..e58525353ef 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/PublishClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/PublishClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "PublishClient")
 
 /// Focused client for page publishing and link-open operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol PublishClientProtocol {
     func publishPage(html: String, title: String?, appId: String?) async throws -> PublishPageResponseMessage?
     func unpublishPage(deploymentId: String) async -> Bool
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ public protocol PublishClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``PublishClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct PublishClient: PublishClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/RegenerateClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/RegenerateClient.swift
index 6f30c3ad9b0..f522ebadcb9 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/RegenerateClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/RegenerateClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "RegenerateClient")
 
 /// Focused client for regenerating the last assistant response through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol RegenerateClientProtocol {
     func regenerate(conversationId: String) async -> Bool
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``RegenerateClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct RegenerateClient: RegenerateClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ScheduleClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ScheduleClient.swift
index 61ee7beb56f..aac5a568c62 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ScheduleClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ScheduleClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ScheduleClient")
 
 /// Focused client for schedule management operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ScheduleClientProtocol {
     func fetchSchedulesList() async throws -> [ScheduleItem]
     func toggleSchedule(id: String, enabled: Bool) async throws -> [ScheduleItem]
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@ public protocol ScheduleClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ScheduleClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ScheduleClient: ScheduleClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/SettingsClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/SettingsClient.swift
index 48eaf6f9b8a..6444a44f3a4 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/SettingsClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/SettingsClient.swift
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 ///
 /// Covers Vercel API config, model info, Telegram config, and channel
 /// verification status — the endpoints invoked during `SettingsStore.init()`.
-@MainActor
 public protocol SettingsClientProtocol {
     func fetchVercelConfig() async -> VercelApiConfigResponseMessage?
     func saveVercelConfig(apiToken: String) async -> VercelApiConfigResponseMessage?
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ public protocol SettingsClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``SettingsClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct SettingsClient: SettingsClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/SkillsClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/SkillsClient.swift
index 255fb0183b7..51c4e08e3b4 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/SkillsClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/SkillsClient.swift
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 ///
 /// Covers listing, enabling, disabling, configuring, installing, uninstalling,
 /// updating, searching, inspecting, drafting, and creating skills.
-@MainActor
 public protocol SkillsClientProtocol {
     func fetchSkillsList(includeCatalog: Bool) async -> SkillsListResponseMessage?
     func enableSkill(name: String) async -> SkillsOperationResponseMessage?
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ public protocol SkillsClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``SkillsClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct SkillsClient: SkillsClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/SubagentClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/SubagentClient.swift
index 3066952d6dd..39d8144af47 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/SubagentClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/SubagentClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "SubagentClient")
 
 /// Focused client for subagent operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol SubagentClientProtocol {
     func abort(subagentId: String, conversationId: String?) async -> Bool
     func fetchDetail(subagentId: String, conversationId: String) async -> SubagentDetailResponse?
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ public protocol SubagentClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``SubagentClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct SubagentClient: SubagentClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/SurfaceActionClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/SurfaceActionClient.swift
index 9b2caaafa55..9d6ab1b4220 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/SurfaceActionClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/SurfaceActionClient.swift
@@ -4,14 +4,12 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "SurfaceActionClient")
 
 /// Focused client for surface action and undo operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol SurfaceActionClientProtocol {
     func sendSurfaceAction(conversationId: String?, surfaceId: String, actionId: String, data: [String: AnyCodable]?) async
     func sendSurfaceUndo(conversationId: String, surfaceId: String) async
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``SurfaceActionClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct SurfaceActionClient: SurfaceActionClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/TTSClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/TTSClient.swift
index a0b4a23d3c5..e9cc2d588b6 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/TTSClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/TTSClient.swift
@@ -18,13 +18,11 @@ public enum TTSResult: Sendable {
 }
 
 /// Focused client for message text-to-speech synthesis routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol TTSClientProtocol {
     func synthesize(messageId: String, conversationId: String?) async -> TTSResult
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``TTSClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct TTSClient: TTSClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/TelemetryClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/TelemetryClient.swift
index d5b67c89a9c..fae64bd1ea5 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/TelemetryClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/TelemetryClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "TelemetryClient")
 
 /// Focused client for telemetry operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol TelemetryClientProtocol {
     func recordLifecycleEvent(_ eventName: String) async
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``TelemetryClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct TelemetryClient: TelemetryClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/ToolClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/ToolClient.swift
index 95e072a44dc..1acdc86ef63 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/ToolClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/ToolClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "ToolClient")
 
 /// Focused client for tool-related operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol ToolClientProtocol {
     func fetchToolNamesList() async throws -> ToolNamesListResponseMessage
     func simulateToolPermission(
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ public protocol ToolClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``ToolClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct ToolClient: ToolClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/TraceEventClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/TraceEventClient.swift
index 8cd6c84c1a1..3d39688b0e2 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/TraceEventClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/TraceEventClient.swift
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "TraceEventClient")
 
 /// Focused client for trace event history operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol TraceEventClientProtocol {
     func fetchHistory(conversationId: String) async throws -> [TraceEventMessage]
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``TraceEventClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct TraceEventClient: TraceEventClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/TrustRuleClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/TrustRuleClient.swift
index 70d66a42f9f..2e2a1bc52fe 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/TrustRuleClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/TrustRuleClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "TrustRuleClient")
 
 /// Focused client for trust rule management operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol TrustRuleClientProtocol {
     func fetchTrustRules() async throws -> [TrustRuleItem]
     func addTrustRule(
@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ public protocol TrustRuleClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``TrustRuleClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct TrustRuleClient: TrustRuleClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/WorkItemClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/WorkItemClient.swift
index 0f804fa51d7..9abf86872a2 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/WorkItemClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/WorkItemClient.swift
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.
 ///
 /// Covers listing, completing, deleting, running, fetching output, and updating
 /// work items.
-@MainActor
 public protocol WorkItemClientProtocol {
     func fetchList(status: String?) async -> WorkItemsListResponse?
     func complete(id: String) async -> Bool
@@ -21,7 +20,6 @@ public protocol WorkItemClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``WorkItemClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct WorkItemClient: WorkItemClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}
 
diff --git a/clients/shared/Network/WorkspaceClient.swift b/clients/shared/Network/WorkspaceClient.swift
index 88e262b8fe2..6c79fdceafe 100644
--- a/clients/shared/Network/WorkspaceClient.swift
+++ b/clients/shared/Network/WorkspaceClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import os
 private let log = Logger(subsystem: Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "com.vellum.vellum-assistant", category: "WorkspaceClient")
 
 /// Focused client for workspace file-system operations routed through the gateway.
-@MainActor
 public protocol WorkspaceClientProtocol {
     func fetchWorkspaceTree(path: String, showHidden: Bool) async -> WorkspaceTreeResponse?
     func fetchWorkspaceFile(path: String, showHidden: Bool) async -> WorkspaceFileResponse?
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ public protocol WorkspaceClientProtocol {
 }
 
 /// Gateway-backed implementation of ``WorkspaceClientProtocol``.
-@MainActor
 public struct WorkspaceClient: WorkspaceClientProtocol {
     nonisolated public init() {}