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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Go by Example 中文版: Base64 编码</title>
<link rel=stylesheet href="site.css">
</head>
<script>
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<body>
<div class="example" id="base64-encoding">
<h2><a href="./">Go by Example 中文版</a>: Base64 编码</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>Go 提供了对 <a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64">base64 编解码</a>的内建支持。</p>
</td>
<td class="code empty leading">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<a href="https://play.studygolang.com/p/pPoQnV6owUP"><img title="Run code" src="play.png" class="run" /></a><img title="Copy code" src="clipboard.png" class="copy" />
<pre class="chroma"><span class="kn">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>这个语法引入了 <code>encoding/base64</code> 包，
并使用别名 <code>b64</code> 代替默认的 <code>base64</code>。这样可以节省点空间。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="p">(</span>
<span class="nx">b64</span> <span class="s">"encoding/base64"</span>
<span class="s">"fmt"</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma"><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>这是要编解码的字符串。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">data</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="s">"abc123!?$*&()'-=@~"</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>Go 同时支持标准 base64 以及 URL 兼容 base64。
这是使用标准编码器进行编码的方法。
编码器需要一个 <code>[]byte</code>，因此我们将 string 转换为该类型。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">sEnc</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">b64</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">StdEncoding</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">EncodeToString</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nb">byte</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">sEnc</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>解码可能会返回错误，如果不确定输入信息格式是否正确，
那么，你就需要进行错误检查了。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">sDec</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">_</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">b64</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">StdEncoding</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">DecodeString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">sEnc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">sDec</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>使用 URL base64 格式进行编解码。</p>
</td>
<td class="code">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="nx">uEnc</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">b64</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">URLEncoding</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">EncodeToString</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nb">byte</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">uEnc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nx">uDec</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">_</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">b64</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">URLEncoding</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">DecodeString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">uEnc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">uDec</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
<p>标准 base64 编码和 URL base64 编码的
编码字符串存在稍许不同（后缀为 <code>+</code> 和 <code>-</code>），
但是两者都可以正确解码为原始字符串。</p>
</td>
<td class="code leading">
<pre class="chroma">
<span class="gp">$</span> go run base64-encoding.go
<span class="go">YWJjMTIzIT8kKiYoKSctPUB+
</span><span class="go">abc123!?$*&()'-=@~</span></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="docs">
</td>
<td class="code">
<pre class="chroma"><span class="go">YWJjMTIzIT8kKiYoKSctPUB-
</span><span class="go">abc123!?$*&()'-=@~</span></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class="next">
下一个例子: <a href="reading-files.html">读文件</a>
</p>
<p class="footer">
<a href="https://twitter.com/mmcgrana">@mmcgrana</a> 和<a href="https://eli.thegreenplace.net">Eli Bendersky</a>编写 | <a href="https://github.com/gobyexample-cn">gobyexample-cn</a> 翻译 | <a href="https://github.com/gobyexample-cn/gobyexample/issues">反馈</a> | <a href="https://github.com/gobyexample-cn/gobyexample">源码</a> | <a href="https://github.com/mmcgrana/gobyexample#license">license</a> </p>
</p>
</div>
<script>
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