diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 535455cce083..4535c1e7fddb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -85,8 +85,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
         with:
           platforms: arm64,ppc64le
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
+      - name: Expose GitHub Runtime
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-github-runtime@v2
       - name: Test Docker Image
-        run: core/docker/build.sh
+        run: core/docker/build.sh -c
       - name: Remove Trino from local Maven repo to avoid caching it
         # Avoid caching artifacts built in this job, cache should only include dependencies
         if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
diff --git a/core/docker/Dockerfile b/core/docker/Dockerfile
index ec91f1094a72..4363630abced 100644
--- a/core/docker/Dockerfile
+++ b/core/docker/Dockerfile
@@ -11,37 +11,13 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 #
-FROM eclipse-temurin:17-jdk AS builder
-
-RUN \
-    set -xeu && \
-    echo 'Acquire::Retries "3";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
-    echo 'Acquire::http::Timeout "15";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-timeouts && \
-    apt-get update -q && \
-    apt-get install -y -q git gcc make && \
-    git clone https://github.com/airlift/jvmkill /tmp/jvmkill && \
-    make -C /tmp/jvmkill
-
-FROM eclipse-temurin:17-jdk
-
-RUN \
-    set -xeu && \
-    echo 'Acquire::Retries "3";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
-    echo 'Acquire::http::Timeout "15";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-timeouts && \
-    apt-get update -q && \
-    apt-get install -y -q less python3 curl && \
-    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
-    update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 1 && \
-    groupadd trino --gid 1000 && \
-    useradd trino --uid 1000 --gid 1000 --create-home && \
-    mkdir -p /usr/lib/trino /data/trino && \
-    chown -R "trino:trino" /usr/lib/trino /data/trino
+ARG TRINO_VERSION
+FROM trino-base:${TRINO_VERSION}-${TARGETARCH}
 
 ARG TRINO_VERSION
 COPY trino-cli-${TRINO_VERSION}-executable.jar /usr/bin/trino
 COPY --chown=trino:trino trino-server-${TRINO_VERSION} /usr/lib/trino
 COPY --chown=trino:trino default/etc /etc/trino
-COPY --chown=trino:trino --from=builder /tmp/jvmkill/libjvmkill.so /usr/lib/trino/bin
 
 EXPOSE 8080
 USER trino:trino
diff --git a/core/docker/base.Dockerfile b/core/docker/base.Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e872e0174065
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/docker/base.Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+FROM eclipse-temurin:17-jdk AS builder
+
+RUN \
+    set -xeu && \
+    echo 'Acquire::Retries "3";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
+    echo 'Acquire::http::Timeout "15";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-timeouts && \
+    apt-get update -q && \
+    apt-get install -y -q git gcc make && \
+    git clone https://github.com/airlift/jvmkill /tmp/jvmkill && \
+    make -C /tmp/jvmkill
+
+FROM eclipse-temurin:17-jdk
+
+RUN \
+    set -xeu && \
+    echo 'Acquire::Retries "3";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
+    echo 'Acquire::http::Timeout "15";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-timeouts && \
+    apt-get update -q && \
+    apt-get install -y -q less python3 curl && \
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
+    update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 1 && \
+    groupadd trino --gid 1000 && \
+    useradd trino --uid 1000 --gid 1000 --create-home && \
+    mkdir -p /usr/lib/trino /data/trino && \
+    chown -R "trino:trino" /usr/lib/trino /data/trino
+
+COPY --chown=trino:trino --from=builder /tmp/jvmkill/libjvmkill.so /usr/lib/trino/bin/libjvmkill.so
diff --git a/core/docker/build.sh b/core/docker/build.sh
index ec9c64f2034f..9a6c2e1831d5 100755
--- a/core/docker/build.sh
+++ b/core/docker/build.sh
@@ -4,19 +4,21 @@ set -euo pipefail
 
 usage() {
     cat <<EOF 1>&2
-Usage: $0 [-h] [-a <ARCHITECTURES>] [-r <VERSION>]
+Usage: $0 [-h] [-a <ARCHITECTURES>] [-r <VERSION>] [-c]
 Builds the Trino Docker image
 
 -h       Display help
--a       Build the specified comma-separated architectures, defaults to amd64,arm64
+-a       Build the specified comma-separated architectures, defaults to: amd64,arm64,ppc64le
 -r       Build the specified Trino release version, downloads all required artifacts
+-c       Use Docker build cache
 EOF
 }
 
 ARCHITECTURES=(amd64 arm64 ppc64le)
 TRINO_VERSION=
+BUILD_CACHE=
 
-while getopts ":a:h:r:" o; do
+while getopts ":a:h:r:c" o; do
     case "${o}" in
         a)
             IFS=, read -ra ARCHITECTURES <<< "$OPTARG"
@@ -24,6 +26,9 @@ while getopts ":a:h:r:" o; do
         r)
             TRINO_VERSION=${OPTARG}
             ;;
+        c)
+            BUILD_CACHE="type=gha"
+            ;;
         h)
             usage
             exit 0
@@ -67,17 +72,40 @@ rm "${WORK_DIR}/trino-server-${TRINO_VERSION}.tar.gz"
 cp -R bin "${WORK_DIR}/trino-server-${TRINO_VERSION}"
 cp -R default "${WORK_DIR}/"
 
+# Prepare an empty build context for base image to speed up context copying
+BASE_WORK_DIR="$(mktemp -d)"
+
+BASE_PREFIX="trino-base:${TRINO_VERSION}"
 TAG_PREFIX="trino:${TRINO_VERSION}"
 
+echo "👷 Docker buildx builders available:"
+docker buildx ls
+
 for arch in "${ARCHITECTURES[@]}"; do
-    echo "🫙  Building the image for $arch"
-    docker build \
-        "${WORK_DIR}" \
-        --pull \
-        --platform "linux/$arch" \
-        -f Dockerfile \
-        -t "${TAG_PREFIX}-$arch" \
-        --build-arg "TRINO_VERSION=${TRINO_VERSION}"
+    echo "🫙  Building the base image for $arch"
+    BASE_BUILD_OPTIONS=(
+        ${BASE_WORK_DIR}
+        --platform "linux/$arch"
+        --load
+        --tag "${BASE_PREFIX}-$arch"
+        -f base.Dockerfile
+        )
+    if [ -n "${BUILD_CACHE}" ]; then
+        echo "🎯 Using Docker build cache"
+        SCOPE="${GITHUB_REF_NAME:-$( git rev-parse --short HEAD: )}-${arch}"
+        BASE_BUILD_OPTIONS+=(--cache-from "${BUILD_CACHE},scope=${SCOPE}" --cache-to "${BUILD_CACHE},scope=${SCOPE},mode=max")
+    else
+        BASE_BUILD_OPTIONS+=(--pull)
+    fi
+    docker buildx build "${BASE_BUILD_OPTIONS[@]}"
+
+    echo "🫙  Building the main image for $arch"
+    DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build \
+            "${WORK_DIR}" \
+            --platform "linux/$arch" \
+            -f Dockerfile \
+            -t "${TAG_PREFIX}-$arch" \
+            --build-arg "TRINO_VERSION=${TRINO_VERSION}"
 done
 
 echo "🧹 Cleaning up the build context directory"