diff --git a/.rubocop.yml b/.rubocop.yml
index e7b3ddd94..659b0e8f8 100644
--- a/.rubocop.yml
+++ b/.rubocop.yml
@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ require:
 AllCops:
   NewCops: disable
   TargetRubyVersion: 2.4
+  Exclude:
+    - 'gemfiles/*'
+Bundler/OrderedGems:
+  Include:
+    - '**/Gemfile'
 Layout/ArgumentAlignment:
   EnforcedStyle: with_fixed_indentation
 Layout/CommentIndentation:
@@ -17,23 +22,26 @@ Layout/EmptyLineBetweenDefs:
 Layout/HeredocIndentation:
   Enabled: false
 Layout/LineLength:
+  Exclude:
+    - spec/**/*
   IgnoredPatterns:
-    - "^[ ]*#.+$"
-    - "^[ ]*describe.+$"
-    - "^[ ]*context.+$"
-    - "^[ ]*shared_context.+$"
-    - "^[ ]*shared_examples_for.+$"
-    - "^[ ]*it.+$"
-    - "^[ ]*'.+?' => '.+?',?$"
-    - "^[ ]*\".+?\" => \".+?\",?$"
+    - !ruby/regexp /\A +(it|describe|context|shared_examples|include_examples|it_behaves_like) ["']/
+    - !ruby/regexp /\A(require|require_relative) ["']/
+    - '^[ ]*#.+$'
+    - '^[ ]*''.+?'' => ''.+?'',?$'
+    - '^[ ]*".+?" => ".+?",?$'
+  Max: 80
 Layout/MultilineMethodCallIndentation:
   EnforcedStyle: indented
 Layout/ParameterAlignment:
   EnforcedStyle: with_fixed_indentation
-Layout/SpaceInsideBlockBraces:
-  Enabled: false
 Layout/SpaceInLambdaLiteral:
   EnforcedStyle: require_space
+Layout/SpaceInsideBlockBraces:
+  Enabled: false
+Lint/AmbiguousBlockAssociation:
+  Exclude:
+    - spec/**/*
 Lint/AmbiguousOperator:
   Enabled: false
 Lint/AmbiguousRegexpLiteral:
@@ -50,6 +58,8 @@ Lint/LiteralInInterpolation:
   Enabled: false
 Lint/Loop:
   Enabled: false
+Lint/MissingSuper:
+  Enabled: false
 Lint/ParenthesesAsGroupedExpression:
   Enabled: false
 Lint/RequireParentheses:
@@ -63,43 +73,50 @@ Lint/UnderscorePrefixedVariableName:
 Lint/Void:
   Enabled: false
 Metrics/AbcSize:
-  Max: 25
+  Enabled: false
 Metrics/BlockLength:
   Enabled: false
 Metrics/ClassLength:
   Enabled: false
+Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity:
+  Enabled: false
 Metrics/MethodLength:
   Max: 30
+Metrics/ModuleLength:
+  Enabled: true
+  Exclude:
+    - spec/**/*
 Metrics/ParameterLists:
   CountKeywordArgs: false
 Metrics/PerceivedComplexity:
-  Max: 10
+  Enabled: false
 Naming/AccessorMethodName:
   Enabled: false
 Naming/AsciiIdentifiers:
   Enabled: false
 Naming/BinaryOperatorParameterName:
   Enabled: false
+Naming/FileName:
+  Enabled: false
+Naming/HeredocDelimiterNaming:
+  Enabled: false
 Naming/MemoizedInstanceVariableName:
   EnforcedStyleForLeadingUnderscores: required
 Naming/PredicateName:
   Enabled: false
-Style/BlockDelimiters:
-  Enabled: false
-Style/ClassVars:
-  Enabled: false
-Style/ColonMethodCall:
-  Enabled: false
-Naming/FileName:
+Naming/RescuedExceptionsVariableName:
   Enabled: false
 Rails/Date:
   Enabled: false
 Rails/Delegate:
   Enabled: false
-Rails/TimeZone:
-  Enabled: false
 Rails/HttpPositionalArguments:
   Enabled: false
+Rails/SkipsModelValidations:
+  Exclude:
+    - spec/**/*
+Rails/TimeZone:
+  Enabled: false
 Style/Alias:
   Enabled: false
 Style/ArrayJoin:
@@ -108,19 +125,25 @@ Style/AsciiComments:
   Enabled: false
 Style/Attr:
   Enabled: false
+Style/BlockDelimiters:
+  Enabled: false
 Style/CaseEquality:
   Enabled: false
 Style/CharacterLiteral:
   Enabled: false
 Style/ClassAndModuleChildren:
   Enabled: false
+Style/ClassVars:
+  Enabled: false
 Style/CollectionMethods:
   Enabled: true
   PreferredMethods:
-    find: detect
-    reduce: inject
     collect: map
+    find: detect
     find_all: select
+    reduce: inject
+Style/ColonMethodCall:
+  Enabled: false
 Style/CommentAnnotation:
   Enabled: false
 Style/Documentation:
@@ -133,12 +156,16 @@ Style/EmptyElse:
   Enabled: false
 Style/EmptyLiteral:
   Enabled: false
+Style/EmptyMethod:
+  EnforcedStyle: expanded
 Style/Encoding:
   Enabled: false
 Style/EvenOdd:
   Enabled: false
 Style/FormatString:
   Enabled: false
+Style/FormatStringToken:
+  EnforcedStyle: template
 Style/FrozenStringLiteralComment:
   Enabled: false
 Style/GlobalVars:
@@ -151,6 +178,8 @@ Style/IfWithSemicolon:
   Enabled: false
 Style/InlineComment:
   Enabled: false
+Style/InverseMethods:
+  Enabled: false
 Style/Lambda:
   Enabled: false
 Style/LambdaCall:
@@ -177,6 +206,8 @@ Style/NumericPredicate:
   Enabled: false
 Style/OneLineConditional:
   Enabled: false
+Style/OptionalBooleanParameter:
+  Enabled: false
 Style/ParenthesesAroundCondition:
   Enabled: false
 Style/PercentLiteralDelimiters:
@@ -213,11 +244,11 @@ Style/TrailingCommaInHashLiteral:
   EnforcedStyleForMultiline: consistent_comma
 Style/TrivialAccessors:
   Enabled: false
+Style/VariableInterpolation:
+  Enabled: false
 Style/WhenThen:
   Enabled: false
 Style/WhileUntilModifier:
   Enabled: false
 Style/WordArray:
   Enabled: false
-Style/VariableInterpolation:
-  Enabled: false
diff --git a/Appraisals b/Appraisals
index 7e507e750..de9fea76a 100644
--- a/Appraisals
+++ b/Appraisals
@@ -107,7 +107,8 @@ appraise 'rails_5_2' do
   gem 'sqlite3', '~> 1.3.6'
 end
 
-if Gem::Requirement.new('>= 2.5.0').satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(RUBY_VERSION))
+if Gem::Requirement.new('>= 2.5.0').
+    satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(RUBY_VERSION))
   appraise 'rails_6_0' do
     instance_eval(&shared_dependencies)
     instance_eval(&controller_test_dependency)
diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index 36d0457c1..879359bad 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ gem 'zeus', require: false
 
 # YARD
 gem 'fssm'
-gem 'rouge'
 gem 'redcarpet'
+gem 'rouge'
 gem 'yard'
diff --git a/Gemfile.lock b/Gemfile.lock
index ef73728a5..5364786e0 100644
--- a/Gemfile.lock
+++ b/Gemfile.lock
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 GEM
   remote: https://rubygems.org/
   specs:
+    activesupport (6.0.3.4)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
+      i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
+      minitest (~> 5.1)
+      tzinfo (~> 1.1)
+      zeitwerk (~> 2.2, >= 2.2.2)
     appraisal (2.2.0)
       bundler
       rake
@@ -8,11 +14,15 @@ GEM
     ast (2.4.1)
     byebug (11.1.3)
     coderay (1.1.3)
+    concurrent-ruby (1.1.7)
     diff-lcs (1.3)
     fssm (0.2.10)
+    i18n (1.8.5)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
     method_source (1.0.0)
+    minitest (5.14.2)
     parallel (1.19.2)
-    parser (2.7.1.4)
+    parser (2.7.2.0)
       ast (~> 2.4.1)
     pry (0.13.1)
       coderay (~> 1.1)
@@ -20,11 +30,11 @@ GEM
     pry-byebug (3.9.0)
       byebug (~> 11.0)
       pry (~> 0.13.0)
-    rack (2.2.2)
+    rack (2.2.3)
     rainbow (3.0.0)
     rake (13.0.1)
     redcarpet (3.5.0)
-    regexp_parser (1.7.1)
+    regexp_parser (1.8.2)
     rexml (3.2.4)
     rouge (3.22.0)
     rspec (3.9.0)
@@ -40,27 +50,32 @@ GEM
       diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
       rspec-support (~> 3.9.0)
     rspec-support (3.9.0)
-    rubocop (0.89.1)
+    rubocop (1.0.0)
       parallel (~> 1.10)
-      parser (>= 2.7.1.1)
+      parser (>= 2.7.1.5)
       rainbow (>= 2.2.2, < 4.0)
-      regexp_parser (>= 1.7)
+      regexp_parser (>= 1.8)
       rexml
-      rubocop-ast (>= 0.3.0, < 1.0)
+      rubocop-ast (>= 0.6.0)
       ruby-progressbar (~> 1.7)
       unicode-display_width (>= 1.4.0, < 2.0)
-    rubocop-ast (0.3.0)
-      parser (>= 2.7.1.4)
-    rubocop-packaging (0.4.0)
-      rubocop (~> 0.89)
-    rubocop-rails (2.0.1)
+    rubocop-ast (1.1.0)
+      parser (>= 2.7.1.5)
+    rubocop-packaging (0.5.1)
+      rubocop (>= 0.89, < 2.0)
+    rubocop-rails (2.8.1)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
       rack (>= 1.1)
-      rubocop (>= 0.70.0)
+      rubocop (>= 0.87.0)
     ruby-progressbar (1.10.1)
     thor (0.20.0)
+    thread_safe (0.3.6)
+    tzinfo (1.2.7)
+      thread_safe (~> 0.1)
     unicode-display_width (1.7.0)
     warnings_logger (0.1.1)
     yard (0.9.25)
+    zeitwerk (2.4.0)
     zeus (0.15.14)
       method_source (>= 0.6.7)
 
diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile
index 411c8e1b0..6d0368506 100644
--- a/Rakefile
+++ b/Rakefile
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ require_relative 'spec/support/tests/current_bundle'
 
 RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new('spec:unit') do |t|
   t.ruby_opts = '-w -r ./spec/report_warnings'
-  t.pattern = "spec/unit/**/*_spec.rb"
+  t.pattern = 'spec/unit/**/*_spec.rb'
   t.rspec_opts = '--color --format progress'
   t.verbose = false
 end
 
 RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new('spec:acceptance') do |t|
   t.ruby_opts = '-w -r ./spec/report_warnings'
-  t.pattern = "spec/acceptance/**/*_spec.rb"
+  t.pattern = 'spec/acceptance/**/*_spec.rb'
   t.rspec_opts = '--color --format progress'
   t.verbose = false
 end
@@ -24,18 +24,16 @@ task :default do
   if Tests::CurrentBundle.instance.appraisal_in_use?
     sh 'rake spec:unit --trace'
     sh 'rake spec:acceptance --trace'
+  elsif ENV['CI']
+    exec 'appraisal install && appraisal rake --trace'
   else
-    if ENV['CI']
-      exec "appraisal install && appraisal rake --trace"
-    else
-      appraisal = Tests::CurrentBundle.instance.latest_appraisal
-      exec "appraisal install && appraisal #{appraisal} rake --trace"
-    end
+    appraisal = Tests::CurrentBundle.instance.latest_appraisal
+    exec "appraisal install && appraisal #{appraisal} rake --trace"
   end
 end
 
 namespace :appraisal do
-  task :list do
+  task list: :environment do
     appraisals = Tests::CurrentBundle.instance.available_appraisals
     puts "Valid appraisals: #{appraisals.join(', ')}"
   end
diff --git a/custom_plan.rb b/custom_plan.rb
index 944b6b0f7..f042aa4aa 100644
--- a/custom_plan.rb
+++ b/custom_plan.rb
@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ class CustomPlan < Zeus::Plan
   def boot
     ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = File.expand_path(
       "../gemfiles/#{latest_appraisal}.gemfile",
-      __FILE__
+      __FILE__,
     )
 
     require 'bundler/setup'
 
-    $LOAD_PATH << File.expand_path('../lib', __FILE__)
-    $LOAD_PATH << File.expand_path('../spec', __FILE__)
+    $LOAD_PATH << File.expand_path('lib', __dir__)
+    $LOAD_PATH << File.expand_path('spec', __dir__)
 
     # Fix Zeus for Pry 0.13.0+
     Pry::Pager.class_eval do
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ def best_available
     end
 
     require_relative 'spec/support/unit/load_environment'
-  rescue Gem::LoadError => error
-    raise CouldNotBootZeusError.create(underlying_error: error)
+  rescue Gem::LoadError => e
+    raise CouldNotBootZeusError.create(underlying_error: e)
   end
 
   def after_fork
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ def expand_rspec_argument(rspec_argument)
     file_path, location = match.captures
     expanded_file_path = File.expand_path(
       "../spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/#{file_path}",
-      __FILE__
+      __FILE__,
     )
 
     [expanded_file_path, location]
diff --git a/doc_config/yard/setup.rb b/doc_config/yard/setup.rb
index 6483b4c22..5957c5d64 100644
--- a/doc_config/yard/setup.rb
+++ b/doc_config/yard/setup.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-YARD::Templates::Engine.register_template_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/templates')
+YARD::Templates::Engine.register_template_path(
+  "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/templates",
+)
 
 require 'rouge'
 
diff --git a/doc_config/yard/templates/default/fulldoc/html/setup.rb b/doc_config/yard/templates/default/fulldoc/html/setup.rb
index 1696df6d5..4081ab744 100644
--- a/doc_config/yard/templates/default/fulldoc/html/setup.rb
+++ b/doc_config/yard/templates/default/fulldoc/html/setup.rb
@@ -8,28 +8,32 @@ def javascripts
 end
 
 def class_list(root = Registry.root, tree = TreeContext.new)
-  out = String.new("")
+  out = String.new('')
   children = run_verifier(root.children)
   if root == Registry.root
     children += @items.select {|o| o.namespace.is_a?(CodeObjects::Proxy) }
   end
   children.compact.sort_by(&:path).each do |child|
     next unless child.is_a?(CodeObjects::NamespaceObject)
+
     name = child.namespace.is_a?(CodeObjects::Proxy) ? child.path : child.name
-    has_children = run_verifier(child.children).any? {|o| o.is_a?(CodeObjects::NamespaceObject) }
+    has_children = run_verifier(child.children).
+      any? {|o| o.is_a?(CodeObjects::NamespaceObject) }
     out << "<li id='object_#{child.path}' class='#{tree.classes.join(' ')}'>"
     out << "<div class='item'>"
     out << "<a class='toggle'></a> " if has_children
     out << linkify(child, name)
-    out << " &lt; #{child.superclass.name}" if child.is_a?(CodeObjects::ClassObject) && child.superclass
+    if child.is_a?(CodeObjects::ClassObject) && child.superclass
+      out << " &lt; #{child.superclass.name}"
+    end
     out << "<small class='search_info'>"
     out << child.namespace.title
-    out << "</small>"
-    out << "</div>"
+    out << '</small>'
+    out << '</div>'
     tree.nest do
       out << "<ul>#{class_list(child, tree)}</ul>" if has_children
     end
-    out << "</li>"
+    out << '</li>'
   end
   out
 end
diff --git a/doc_config/yard/templates/default/layout/html/setup.rb b/doc_config/yard/templates/default/layout/html/setup.rb
index ec952ba95..a12121f52 100644
--- a/doc_config/yard/templates/default/layout/html/setup.rb
+++ b/doc_config/yard/templates/default/layout/html/setup.rb
@@ -10,21 +10,23 @@ def javascripts
 def diskfile
   @file.attributes[:markup] ||= markup_for_file('', @file.filename)
 
-  if @file.filename == 'README.md'
-    contents = preprocess_index(@file.contents)
-  else
-    contents = @file.contents
-  end
+  contents =
+    if @file.filename == 'README.md'
+      preprocess_index(@file.contents)
+    else
+      @file.contents
+    end
 
   data = htmlify(contents, @file.attributes[:markup])
-  "<div id='filecontents'>" + data + "</div>"
+  "<div id='filecontents'>#{data}</div>"
 end
 
 def preprocess_index(contents)
   regex = /\[ (\w+) \] \( lib \/ ([^()]+) \.rb (?:\#L\d+)? \)/x
 
   contents.gsub(regex) do
-    method_name, file_path = $1, $2
+    method_name = $1
+    file_path = $2
 
     module_name = file_path.split('/')[0..2].
       map do |value|
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_4_2.gemfile b/gemfiles/rails_4_2.gemfile
index b58c8b2fe..a89c23df4 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_4_2.gemfile
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_4_2.gemfile
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ gem "pry-byebug"
 gem "rake", "13.0.1"
 gem "rspec", "~> 3.9"
 gem "rubocop", require: false
+gem "rubocop-packaging", require: false
 gem "rubocop-rails", require: false
 gem "warnings_logger"
 gem "zeus", require: false
 gem "fssm"
-gem "rouge"
 gem "redcarpet"
+gem "rouge"
 gem "yard"
 gem "spring"
 gem "spring-commands-rspec"
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_4_2.gemfile.lock b/gemfiles/rails_4_2.gemfile.lock
index cbbc45ff8..42af8d843 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_4_2.gemfile.lock
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_4_2.gemfile.lock
@@ -168,6 +168,8 @@ GEM
       unicode-display_width (>= 1.4.0, < 2.0)
     rubocop-ast (0.3.0)
       parser (>= 2.7.1.4)
+    rubocop-packaging (0.4.0)
+      rubocop (~> 0.89)
     rubocop-rails (2.4.1)
       rack (>= 1.1)
       rubocop (>= 0.72.0)
@@ -238,6 +240,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   rspec (~> 3.9)
   rspec-rails (~> 3.9)
   rubocop
+  rubocop-packaging
   rubocop-rails
   sass-rails (~> 5.0)
   sdoc (~> 0.4.0)
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_5_0.gemfile b/gemfiles/rails_5_0.gemfile
index 0bb6362fe..2513e53be 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_5_0.gemfile
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_5_0.gemfile
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ gem "pry-byebug"
 gem "rake", "13.0.1"
 gem "rspec", "~> 3.9"
 gem "rubocop", require: false
+gem "rubocop-packaging", require: false
 gem "rubocop-rails", require: false
 gem "warnings_logger"
 gem "zeus", require: false
 gem "fssm"
-gem "rouge"
 gem "redcarpet"
+gem "rouge"
 gem "yard"
 gem "spring"
 gem "spring-commands-rspec"
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_5_0.gemfile.lock b/gemfiles/rails_5_0.gemfile.lock
index ecb83c944..c0b5f9f63 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_5_0.gemfile.lock
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_5_0.gemfile.lock
@@ -161,6 +161,8 @@ GEM
       unicode-display_width (>= 1.4.0, < 2.0)
     rubocop-ast (0.3.0)
       parser (>= 2.7.1.4)
+    rubocop-packaging (0.4.0)
+      rubocop (~> 0.89)
     rubocop-rails (2.4.1)
       rack (>= 1.1)
       rubocop (>= 0.72.0)
@@ -231,6 +233,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   rspec (~> 3.9)
   rspec-rails (~> 3.9)
   rubocop
+  rubocop-packaging
   rubocop-rails
   sass-rails (~> 5.0)
   shoulda-context (~> 1.2.0)
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_5_1.gemfile b/gemfiles/rails_5_1.gemfile
index ac7a944d6..1da437b14 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_5_1.gemfile
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_5_1.gemfile
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ gem "pry-byebug"
 gem "rake", "13.0.1"
 gem "rspec", "~> 3.9"
 gem "rubocop", require: false
+gem "rubocop-packaging", require: false
 gem "rubocop-rails", require: false
 gem "warnings_logger"
 gem "zeus", require: false
 gem "fssm"
-gem "rouge"
 gem "redcarpet"
+gem "rouge"
 gem "yard"
 gem "spring"
 gem "spring-commands-rspec"
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_5_1.gemfile.lock b/gemfiles/rails_5_1.gemfile.lock
index 3c60b9d00..4289da509 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_5_1.gemfile.lock
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_5_1.gemfile.lock
@@ -169,6 +169,8 @@ GEM
       unicode-display_width (>= 1.4.0, < 2.0)
     rubocop-ast (0.3.0)
       parser (>= 2.7.1.4)
+    rubocop-packaging (0.4.0)
+      rubocop (~> 0.89)
     rubocop-rails (2.4.1)
       rack (>= 1.1)
       rubocop (>= 0.72.0)
@@ -246,6 +248,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   rspec (~> 3.9)
   rspec-rails (~> 3.9)
   rubocop
+  rubocop-packaging
   rubocop-rails
   sass-rails (~> 5.0)
   selenium-webdriver
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile b/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile
index 7a253fe31..70c8dd36b 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ gem "pry-byebug"
 gem "rake", "13.0.1"
 gem "rspec", "~> 3.9"
 gem "rubocop", require: false
+gem "rubocop-packaging", require: false
 gem "rubocop-rails", require: false
 gem "warnings_logger"
 gem "zeus", require: false
 gem "fssm"
-gem "rouge"
 gem "redcarpet"
+gem "rouge"
 gem "yard"
 gem "spring"
 gem "spring-commands-rspec"
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile.lock b/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile.lock
index 52124b0d4..010b51ec5 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile.lock
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile.lock
@@ -186,6 +186,8 @@ GEM
       unicode-display_width (>= 1.4.0, < 2.0)
     rubocop-ast (0.3.0)
       parser (>= 2.7.1.4)
+    rubocop-packaging (0.4.0)
+      rubocop (~> 0.89)
     rubocop-rails (2.4.1)
       rack (>= 1.1)
       rubocop (>= 0.72.0)
@@ -265,6 +267,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   rspec (~> 3.9)
   rspec-rails (~> 3.9)
   rubocop
+  rubocop-packaging
   rubocop-rails
   sass-rails (~> 5.0)
   selenium-webdriver
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile b/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile
index c702b8203..d002b112e 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ gem "pry-byebug"
 gem "rake", "13.0.1"
 gem "rspec", "~> 3.9"
 gem "rubocop", require: false
+gem "rubocop-packaging", require: false
 gem "rubocop-rails", require: false
 gem "warnings_logger"
 gem "zeus", require: false
 gem "fssm"
-gem "rouge"
 gem "redcarpet"
+gem "rouge"
 gem "yard"
 gem "spring"
 gem "spring-commands-rspec"
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile.lock b/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile.lock
index e75a49623..d2ec4547d 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile.lock
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile.lock
@@ -196,6 +196,8 @@ GEM
       unicode-display_width (>= 1.4.0, < 2.0)
     rubocop-ast (0.3.0)
       parser (>= 2.7.1.4)
+    rubocop-packaging (0.1.1)
+      rubocop (>= 0.75.0)
     rubocop-rails (2.4.1)
       rack (>= 1.1)
       rubocop (>= 0.72.0)
@@ -279,6 +281,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   rspec (~> 3.9)
   rspec-rails (~> 3.9)
   rubocop
+  rubocop-packaging
   rubocop-rails
   sass-rails (>= 6)
   selenium-webdriver
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/callback_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/callback_matcher.rb
index 5b915270e..6c5cf1edb 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/callback_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/callback_matcher.rb
@@ -179,11 +179,13 @@ def matches?(controller)
         end
 
         def failure_message
-          "Expected that #{controller_class.name} would have :#{method_name} as a #{kind}_#{callback_type}"
+          "Expected that #{controller_class.name} would have :#{method_name}"\
+            " as a #{kind}_#{callback_type}"
         end
 
         def failure_message_when_negated
-          "Expected that #{controller_class.name} would not have :#{method_name} as a #{kind}_#{callback_type}"
+          "Expected that #{controller_class.name} would not have"\
+            " :#{method_name} as a #{kind}_#{callback_type}"
         end
 
         def description
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/filter_param_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/filter_param_matcher.rb
index c8e06b1cb..a96a22e2f 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/filter_param_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/filter_param_matcher.rb
@@ -31,12 +31,13 @@ def initialize(key)
           @key = key
         end
 
-        def matches?(controller)
+        def matches?(_controller)
           filters_key?
         end
 
         def failure_message
-          "Expected #{@key} to be filtered; filtered keys: #{filtered_keys.join(', ')}"
+          "Expected #{@key} to be filtered; filtered keys:"\
+            " #{filtered_keys.join(', ')}"
         end
 
         def failure_message_when_negated
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/permit_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/permit_matcher.rb
index ef184aaf0..d2a4f656c 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/permit_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/permit_matcher.rb
@@ -209,7 +209,8 @@ class PermitMatcher
         attr_writer :stubbed_params
 
         def initialize(expected_permitted_parameter_names)
-          @expected_permitted_parameter_names = expected_permitted_parameter_names
+          @expected_permitted_parameter_names =
+            expected_permitted_parameter_names
           @action = nil
           @verb = nil
           @request_params = {}
@@ -262,18 +263,20 @@ def matches?(controller)
         end
 
         def failure_message
-          "Expected #{verb.upcase} ##{action} to #{expectation},\nbut #{reality}."
+          "Expected #{verb.upcase} ##{action} to #{expectation},"\
+          "\nbut #{reality}."
         end
 
         def failure_message_when_negated
-          "Expected #{verb.upcase} ##{action} not to #{expectation},\nbut it did."
+          "Expected #{verb.upcase} ##{action} not to #{expectation},"\
+          "\nbut it did."
         end
 
         protected
 
-        attr_reader :controller, :double_collections_by_parameter_name, :action, :verb,
-          :request_params, :expected_permitted_parameter_names, :context, :subparameter_name,
-          :parameters_double_registry
+        attr_reader :controller, :double_collections_by_parameter_name, :action,
+          :verb, :request_params, :expected_permitted_parameter_names,
+          :context, :subparameter_name, :parameters_double_registry
 
         def expectation
           message = 'restrict parameters '
@@ -282,7 +285,8 @@ def expectation
             message << "on #{subparameter_name.inspect} "
           end
 
-          message << 'to ' + format_parameter_names(expected_permitted_parameter_names)
+          message << 'to '\
+            "#{format_parameter_names(expected_permitted_parameter_names)}"
 
           message
         end
@@ -291,9 +295,9 @@ def reality
           if actual_permitted_parameter_names.empty?
             'it did not restrict any parameters'
           else
-            'the restricted parameters were ' +
-              format_parameter_names(actual_permitted_parameter_names) +
-              ' instead'
+            'the restricted parameters were '\
+            "#{format_parameter_names(actual_permitted_parameter_names)}"\
+            ' instead'
           end
         end
 
@@ -303,12 +307,12 @@ def format_parameter_names(parameter_names)
 
         def actual_permitted_parameter_names
           @_actual_permitted_parameter_names ||= begin
-            if subparameter_name
-              options = { for: subparameter_name }
-            else
-              options = {}
-            end
-
+            options =
+              if subparameter_name
+                { for: subparameter_name }
+              else
+                {}
+              end
             parameters_double_registry.permitted_parameter_names(options)
           end
         end
@@ -329,8 +333,8 @@ def ensure_action_and_verb_present!
 
         def default_verb
           case action
-            when :create then :post
-            when :update then RailsShim.verb_for_update
+          when :create then :post
+          when :update then RailsShim.verb_for_update
           end
         end
 
@@ -346,7 +350,7 @@ def initialize
 
           def register
             double_collection = Doublespeak.double_collection_for(
-              ::ActionController::Parameters.singleton_class
+              ::ActionController::Parameters.singleton_class,
             )
             double_collection.register_proxy(:new).to_return do |call|
               params = call.return_value
@@ -389,7 +393,7 @@ def permitted_parameter_names(args = {})
 
             if double_collections_by_parameter_name.key?(subparameter_name)
               self.class.permitted_parameter_names_within(
-                double_collections_by_parameter_name[subparameter_name]
+                double_collections_by_parameter_name[subparameter_name],
               )
             else
               []
@@ -436,7 +440,8 @@ def message
         # @private
         class VerbNotDefinedError < StandardError
           def message
-            'You must specify an HTTP verb when using a non-RESTful action. For example: for(:authorize, verb: :post)'
+            'You must specify an HTTP verb when using a non-RESTful action.'\
+            ' For example: for(:authorize, verb: :post)'
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/redirect_to_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/redirect_to_matcher.rb
index c68ae67dd..6f3d66db2 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/redirect_to_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/redirect_to_matcher.rb
@@ -75,14 +75,12 @@ def description
         private
 
         def redirects_to_url?
-          begin
-            @context.__send__(:assert_redirected_to, url)
-            @failure_message_when_negated = "Didn't expect to redirect to #{url}"
-            true
-          rescue Shoulda::Matchers.assertion_exception_class => error
-            @failure_message = error.message
-            false
-          end
+          @context.__send__(:assert_redirected_to, url)
+          @failure_message_when_negated = "Didn't expect to redirect to #{url}"
+          true
+        rescue Shoulda::Matchers.assertion_exception_class => e
+          @failure_message = e.message
+          false
         end
 
         def url
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_template_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_template_matcher.rb
index c373e905f..0a8446b17 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_template_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_template_matcher.rb
@@ -71,14 +71,12 @@ def in_context(context)
         private
 
         def renders_template?
-          begin
-            @context.__send__(:assert_template, @options, @message)
-            @failure_message_when_negated = "Didn't expect to render #{@template}"
-            true
-          rescue Shoulda::Matchers.assertion_exception_class => error
-            @failure_message = error.message
-            false
-          end
+          @context.__send__(:assert_template, @options, @message)
+          @failure_message_when_negated = "Didn't expect to render #{@template}"
+          true
+        rescue Shoulda::Matchers.assertion_exception_class => e
+          @failure_message = e.message
+          false
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_with_layout_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_with_layout_matcher.rb
index 358d210a6..b998aee33 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_with_layout_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_with_layout_matcher.rb
@@ -64,12 +64,12 @@ def render_with_layout(expected_layout = nil)
       # @private
       class RenderWithLayoutMatcher
         def initialize(expected_layout)
-          if expected_layout
-            @expected_layout = expected_layout.to_s
-          else
-            @expected_layout = nil
-          end
-
+          @expected_layout =
+            if expected_layout
+              expected_layout.to_s
+            else
+              nil
+            end
           @controller = nil
         end
 
@@ -95,11 +95,12 @@ def failure_message_when_negated
 
         def description
           description = 'render with '
-          if @expected_layout.nil?
-            description << 'a layout'
-          else
-            description << "the #{@expected_layout.inspect} layout"
-          end
+          description <<
+            if @expected_layout.nil?
+              'a layout'
+            else
+              "the #{@expected_layout.inspect} layout"
+            end
           description
         end
 
@@ -118,7 +119,9 @@ def rendered_with_expected_layout?
         end
 
         def rendered_layouts
-          recorded_layouts.keys.compact.map { |layout| layout.sub(%r{^layouts/}, '') }
+          recorded_layouts.keys.compact.map { |layout|
+            layout.sub(%r{^layouts/}, '')
+          }
         end
 
         def recorded_layouts
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@ def expectation
 
         def result
           if rendered_with_layout?
-            'rendered with ' + rendered_layouts.map(&:inspect).join(', ')
+            "rendered with #{rendered_layouts.map(&:inspect).join(', ')}"
           else
             'rendered without a layout'
           end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/rescue_from_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/rescue_from_matcher.rb
index c791fa1fb..7c1509d5a 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/rescue_from_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/rescue_from_matcher.rb
@@ -79,7 +79,8 @@ def expectation
           end
 
           unless handler_exists?
-            expectation << " but #{controller} does not respond to #{expected_method}"
+            expectation << " but #{controller} does not respond to"\
+              " #{expected_method}"
           end
           expectation
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_matcher.rb
index 22e9c3b25..43d50480f 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_matcher.rb
@@ -183,7 +183,6 @@ def add_port_to_path(path, port)
           end
         end
 
-
         def guess_controller_if_necessary(controller)
           params[:controller] ||= controller.controller_path
         end
@@ -195,11 +194,11 @@ def route_recognized?
             params,
           )
           true
-        rescue ::ActionController::RoutingError => error
-          @failure_message = error.message
+        rescue ::ActionController::RoutingError => e
+          @failure_message = e.message
           false
-        rescue Shoulda::Matchers.assertion_exception_class => error
-          @failure_message = error.message
+        rescue Shoulda::Matchers.assertion_exception_class => e
+          @failure_message = e.message
           false
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_params.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_params.rb
index 2e4413a05..9761e1604 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_params.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_params.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ module Matchers
     module ActionController
       # @private
       class RouteParams
-        PARAMS_TO_SYMBOLIZE = %i{ format }
+        PARAMS_TO_SYMBOLIZE = %i{format}.freeze
 
         def initialize(args)
           @args = args
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/set_session_or_flash_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/set_session_or_flash_matcher.rb
index f004ebe22..4f82ec95b 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/set_session_or_flash_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/set_session_or_flash_matcher.rb
@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ def [](key)
         def to(expected_value = nil, &block)
           if block
             unless context_set?
-              message = "When specifying a value as a block, a context must be specified beforehand, e.g., #{store.name}.in_context(context).to { ... }"
+              message = 'When specifying a value as a block, a context must be'\
+                ' specified beforehand,'\
+                " e.g., #{store.name}.in_context(context).to { ... }"
               raise ArgumentError, message
             end
 
@@ -42,12 +44,14 @@ def matches?(controller)
         end
 
         def failure_message
-          "Expected #{controller.class} to #{expectation_description}, but it did not"
+          "Expected #{controller.class} to #{expectation_description},"\
+          ' but it did not'
         end
         alias_method :failure_message_for_should, :failure_message
 
         def failure_message_when_negated
-          "Expected #{controller.class} not to #{expectation_description}, but it did"
+          "Expected #{controller.class} not to #{expectation_description},"\
+          ' but it did'
         end
         alias_method :failure_message_for_should_not,
           :failure_message_when_negated
@@ -81,18 +85,20 @@ def expected_value_matches?
         def expectation_description
           string = 'set'
 
-          if key_set?
-            string << " #{store.name}[#{key.inspect}]"
-          else
-            string << " any key in #{store.name}"
-          end
-
-          if expected_value_set?
-            if expected_value.is_a?(Regexp)
-              string << " to a value matching #{expected_value.inspect}"
+          string <<
+            if key_set?
+              " #{store.name}[#{key.inspect}]"
             else
-              string << " to #{expected_value.inspect}"
+              " any key in #{store.name}"
             end
+
+          if expected_value_set?
+            string <<
+              if expected_value.is_a?(Regexp)
+                " to a value matching #{expected_value.inspect}"
+              else
+                " to #{expected_value.inspect}"
+              end
           end
 
           string
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_mass_assignment_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_mass_assignment_of_matcher.rb
index 2c81db7b5..4cf75f10d 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_mass_assignment_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_mass_assignment_of_matcher.rb
@@ -89,23 +89,24 @@ def matches?(subject)
           @subject = subject
           if attr_mass_assignable?
             if whitelisting?
-              @failure_message_when_negated = "#{@attribute} was made accessible"
+              @failure_message_when_negated = "#{@attribute} was made "\
+                'accessible'
+            elsif protected_attributes.empty?
+              @failure_message_when_negated = 'no attributes were protected'
             else
-              if protected_attributes.empty?
-                @failure_message_when_negated = 'no attributes were protected'
-              else
-                @failure_message_when_negated = "#{class_name} is protecting " <<
-                  "#{protected_attributes.to_a.to_sentence}, " <<
-                  "but not #{@attribute}."
-              end
+              @failure_message_when_negated =
+                "#{class_name} is protecting " <<
+                "#{protected_attributes.to_a.to_sentence}, " <<
+                "but not #{@attribute}."
             end
             true
           else
-            if whitelisting?
-              @failure_message = "Expected #{@attribute} to be accessible"
-            else
-              @failure_message = "Did not expect #{@attribute} to be protected"
-            end
+            @failure_message =
+              if whitelisting?
+                "Expected #{@attribute} to be accessible"
+              else
+                "Did not expect #{@attribute} to be protected"
+              end
             false
           end
         end
@@ -131,15 +132,16 @@ def role
         end
 
         def protected_attributes
-          @protected_attributes ||= (@subject.class.protected_attributes || [])
+          @_protected_attributes ||= (@subject.class.protected_attributes || [])
         end
 
         def accessible_attributes
-          @accessible_attributes ||= (@subject.class.accessible_attributes || [])
+          @_accessible_attributes ||=
+            (@subject.class.accessible_attributes || [])
         end
 
         def whitelisting?
-          authorizer.kind_of?(::ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::WhiteList)
+          authorizer.is_a?(::ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::WhiteList)
         end
 
         def attr_mass_assignable?
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher.rb
index 5b8969478..023e0833b 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher.rb
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ class AllowValueMatcher
           :attribute_to_check_message_against,
           :attribute_to_set,
           :context,
-          :instance
+          :instance,
         )
 
         attr_writer(
@@ -423,55 +423,56 @@ def failure_message
           end
 
           if include_attribute_changed_value_message?
-            message << "\n\n" + attribute_changed_value_message.call
+            message << "\n\n#{attribute_changed_value_message.call}"
           end
 
           Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(message)
         end
 
-        def failure_message_when_negated
+        def failure_message_when_negated # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
           attribute_setter = result.attribute_setter
 
           if attribute_setter.unsuccessfully_checked?
             message = attribute_setter.failure_message
           else
             validator = result.validator
-            message = failure_message_preface.call + ' invalid'
+            message = "#{failure_message_preface.call} invalid"
 
             if validator.type_of_message_matched?
               if validator.has_messages?
                 message << ' and to'
 
-                if validator.captured_validation_exception?
+                if validator.captured_validation_exception? # rubocop:disable Metrics/BlockNesting
                   message << ' raise a validation exception with message'
                 else
                   message << ' produce'
 
-                  if expected_message.is_a?(Regexp)
-                    message << ' a'
-                  else
-                    message << ' the'
-                  end
+                  message <<
+                    if expected_message.is_a?(Regexp) # rubocop:disable Metrics/BlockNesting
+                      ' a'
+                    else
+                      ' the'
+                    end
 
                   message << ' validation error'
                 end
 
-                if expected_message.is_a?(Regexp)
+                if expected_message.is_a?(Regexp) # rubocop:disable Metrics/BlockNesting
                   message << ' matching '
                   message << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_value(
-                    expected_message
+                    expected_message,
                   )
                 else
                   message << " #{expected_message.inspect}"
                 end
 
-                unless validator.captured_validation_exception?
+                unless validator.captured_validation_exception? # rubocop:disable Metrics/BlockNesting
                   message << " on :#{attribute_to_check_message_against}"
                 end
 
                 message << '. The record was indeed invalid, but'
 
-                if validator.captured_validation_exception?
+                if validator.captured_validation_exception? # rubocop:disable Metrics/BlockNesting
                   message << ' the exception message was '
                   message << validator.validation_exception_message.inspect
                   message << ' instead.'
@@ -492,7 +493,7 @@ def failure_message_when_negated
           end
 
           if include_attribute_changed_value_message?
-            message << "\n\n" + attribute_changed_value_message.call
+            message << "\n\n#{attribute_changed_value_message.call}"
           end
 
           Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(message)
@@ -531,7 +532,8 @@ def last_value_set
 
         def run(strategy)
           attribute_setters_for_values_to_preset.first_failing ||
-            attribute_setters_and_validators_for_values_to_set.public_send(strategy)
+            attribute_setters_and_validators_for_values_to_set.
+              public_send(strategy)
         end
 
         def failure_message_preface
@@ -597,14 +599,14 @@ def attribute_setters_and_validators_for_values_to_set
           @_attribute_setters_and_validators_for_values_to_set ||=
             AttributeSettersAndValidators.new(
               self,
-              values_to_set.map { |value| [attribute_to_set, value] }
+              values_to_set.map { |value| [attribute_to_set, value] },
             )
         end
 
         def inspected_values_to_set
           Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_values(values_to_set).to_sentence(
-            two_words_connector: " or ",
-            last_word_connector: ", or "
+            two_words_connector: ' or ',
+            last_word_connector: ', or ',
           )
         end
 
@@ -619,7 +621,7 @@ def default_expected_message
         def default_attribute_message
           default_error_message(
             options[:expected_message],
-            default_attribute_message_values
+            default_attribute_message_values,
           )
         end
 
@@ -639,7 +641,7 @@ def model_name
 
         def human_attribute_name
           instance.class.human_attribute_name(
-            attribute_to_check_message_against
+            attribute_to_check_message_against,
           )
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setter.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setter.rb
index fc7570be3..fb1d3ae66 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setter.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setter.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def initialize(args)
             @value_written = args.fetch(:value)
             @ignore_interference_by_writer = args.fetch(
               :ignore_interference_by_writer,
-              Qualifiers::IgnoreInterferenceByWriter.new
+              Qualifiers::IgnoreInterferenceByWriter.new,
             )
             @after_set_callback = args.fetch(:after_set_callback, -> { })
 
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ def description
             description << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_value(value_written)
 
             if attribute_changed_value?
-              description << " -- which was read back as "
+              description << ' -- which was read back as '
               description << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_value(value_read)
-              description << " --"
+              description << ' --'
             end
 
             description
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ def attribute_changed_value_error
               model: object.class,
               attribute_name: attribute_name,
               value_written: value_written,
-              value_read: value_read
+              value_read: value_read,
             )
           end
 
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ def attribute_does_not_exist_error
             AttributeDoesNotExistError.create(
               model: object.class,
               attribute_name: attribute_name,
-              value: value_written
+              value: value_written,
             )
           end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setter_and_validator.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setter_and_validator.rb
index 8d89fbe3b..a4d285d3f 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setter_and_validator.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setter_and_validator.rb
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def attribute_setter
               attribute_name: attribute_name,
               value: value,
               ignore_interference_by_writer: ignore_interference_by_writer,
-              after_set_callback: after_setting_value_callback
+              after_set_callback: after_setting_value_callback,
             )
           end
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def validator
               attribute_to_check_message_against,
               context: context,
               expects_strict: expects_strict?,
-              expected_message: expected_message
+              expected_message: expected_message,
             )
           end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setters.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setters.rb
index 97b618e3d..132747ec1 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setters.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setters.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ def initialize(allow_value_matcher, values)
               AttributeSetterAndValidator.new(
                 allow_value_matcher,
                 attribute_name,
-                value
+                value,
               )
             end
           end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setters_and_validators.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setters_and_validators.rb
index f28f1f6a7..e71e8af89 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setters_and_validators.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher/attribute_setters_and_validators.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ def initialize(allow_value_matcher, values)
               AttributeSetterAndValidator.new(
                 allow_value_matcher,
                 attribute_name,
-                value
+                value,
               )
             end
           end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/disallow_value_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/disallow_value_matcher.rb
index e6a506476..3eb35f516 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/disallow_value_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/disallow_value_matcher.rb
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def on(context)
           self
         end
 
-        def with_message(message, options={})
+        def with_message(message, options = {})
           allow_matcher.with_message(message, options)
           self
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/have_secure_password_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/have_secure_password_matcher.rb
index 47ac8f0d4..f5b458bb3 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/have_secure_password_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/have_secure_password_matcher.rb
@@ -38,13 +38,15 @@ def have_secure_password(attr = :password)
       class HaveSecurePasswordMatcher
         attr_reader :failure_message
 
-        CORRECT_PASSWORD = "aBcDe12345".freeze
-        INCORRECT_PASSWORD = "password".freeze
+        CORRECT_PASSWORD = 'aBcDe12345'.freeze
+        INCORRECT_PASSWORD = 'password'.freeze
 
         MESSAGES = {
-          authenticated_incorrect_password: "expected %{subject} to not authenticate an incorrect %{attribute}",
-          did_not_authenticate_correct_password: "expected %{subject} to authenticate the correct %{attribute}",
-          method_not_found: "expected %{subject} to respond to %{methods}"
+          authenticated_incorrect_password: 'expected %{subject} to not'\
+            ' authenticate an incorrect %{attribute}',
+          did_not_authenticate_correct_password: 'expected %{subject} to'\
+            ' authenticate the correct %{attribute}',
+          method_not_found: 'expected %{subject} to respond to %{methods}',
         }.freeze
 
         def initialize(attribute)
@@ -60,7 +62,8 @@ def matches?(subject)
 
           if failure = validate
             key, params = failure
-            @failure_message = MESSAGES[key] % { subject: subject.class }.merge(params)
+            @failure_message =
+              MESSAGES[key] % { subject: subject.class }.merge(params)
           end
 
           failure.nil?
@@ -71,7 +74,9 @@ def matches?(subject)
         attr_reader :subject
 
         def validate
-          missing_methods = expected_methods.reject {|m| subject.respond_to?(m) }
+          missing_methods = expected_methods.reject do |m|
+            subject.respond_to?(m)
+          end
 
           if missing_methods.present?
             [:method_not_found, { methods: missing_methods.to_sentence }]
@@ -80,7 +85,8 @@ def validate
             subject.send("#{@attribute}_confirmation=", CORRECT_PASSWORD)
 
             if not subject.send(authenticate_method, CORRECT_PASSWORD)
-              [:did_not_authenticate_correct_password, { attribute: @attribute }]
+              [:did_not_authenticate_correct_password,
+               { attribute: @attribute },]
             elsif subject.send(authenticate_method, INCORRECT_PASSWORD)
               [:authenticated_incorrect_password, { attribute: @attribute }]
             end
@@ -90,7 +96,7 @@ def validate
         private
 
         def expected_methods
-          @expected_methods ||= %I[
+          @_expected_methods ||= %I[
             #{authenticate_method}
             #{@attribute}=
             #{@attribute}_confirmation=
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers.rb
index cf2c5cf87..8b71a9e05 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def default_error_message(type, options = {})
             attribute.to_sym,
             type,
             model_name,
-            options
+            options,
           )
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/numericality_matchers/comparison_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/numericality_matchers/comparison_matcher.rb
index 43307be95..8d41b92db 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/numericality_matchers/comparison_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/numericality_matchers/comparison_matcher.rb
@@ -5,23 +5,42 @@ module NumericalityMatchers
         # @private
         class ComparisonMatcher < ValidationMatcher
           ERROR_MESSAGES = {
-            :> => :greater_than,
-            :>= => :greater_than_or_equal_to,
-            :< => :less_than,
-            :<= => :less_than_or_equal_to,
-            :== => :equal_to,
-            :!= => :other_than,
-          }
+            :> => {
+              label: :greater_than,
+              assertions: [false, false, true],
+            },
+            :>= => {
+              label: :greater_than_or_equal_to,
+              assertions: [false, true, true],
+            },
+            :< => {
+              label: :less_than,
+              assertions: [true, false, false],
+            },
+            :<= => {
+              label: :less_than_or_equal_to,
+              assertions: [true, true, false],
+            },
+            :== => {
+              label: :equal_to,
+              assertions: [false, true, false],
+            },
+            :!= => {
+              label: :other_than,
+              assertions: [true, false, true],
+            },
+          }.freeze
 
           def initialize(numericality_matcher, value, operator)
             super(nil)
             unless numericality_matcher.respond_to? :diff_to_compare
               raise ArgumentError, 'numericality_matcher is invalid'
             end
+
             @numericality_matcher = numericality_matcher
             @value = value
             @operator = operator
-            @message = ERROR_MESSAGES[operator]
+            @message = ERROR_MESSAGES[operator][:label]
           end
 
           def simple_description
@@ -94,10 +113,9 @@ def submatchers
           end
 
           def submatchers_and_results
-            @_submatchers_and_results ||=
-              submatchers.map do |matcher|
-                { matcher: matcher, matched: matcher.matches?(@subject) }
-              end
+            @_submatchers_and_results ||= submatchers.map do |matcher|
+              { matcher: matcher, matched: matcher.matches?(@subject) }
+            end
           end
 
           def comparison_combos
@@ -115,20 +133,7 @@ def submatcher_method_names
           end
 
           def assertions
-            case @operator
-            when :>
-              [false, false, true]
-            when :>=
-              [false, true, true]
-            when :==
-              [false, true, false]
-            when :<
-              [true, false, false]
-            when :<=
-              [true, true, false]
-            when :!=
-               [true, false, true]
-            end
+            ERROR_MESSAGES[@operator][:assertions]
           end
 
           def diffs_to_compare
@@ -143,14 +148,7 @@ def diffs_to_compare
           end
 
           def comparison_expectation
-            case @operator
-              when :> then "greater than"
-              when :>= then "greater than or equal to"
-              when :== then "equal to"
-              when :< then "less than"
-              when :<= then "less than or equal to"
-              when :!= then 'other than'
-            end
+            ERROR_MESSAGES[@operator][:label].to_s.tr('_', ' ')
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/numericality_matchers/numeric_type_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/numericality_matchers/numeric_type_matcher.rb
index 7197eba2e..33f5defce 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/numericality_matchers/numeric_type_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/numericality_matchers/numeric_type_matcher.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def diff_to_compare
 
           attr_reader :attribute
 
-          def wrap_disallow_value_matcher(matcher)
+          def wrap_disallow_value_matcher(_matcher)
             raise NotImplementedError
           end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/qualifiers/ignoring_interference_by_writer.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/qualifiers/ignoring_interference_by_writer.rb
index 31302f02b..fd4105566 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/qualifiers/ignoring_interference_by_writer.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/qualifiers/ignoring_interference_by_writer.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module Qualifiers
         module IgnoringInterferenceByWriter
           attr_reader :ignore_interference_by_writer
 
-          def initialize(*args)
+          def initialize(*)
             @ignore_interference_by_writer = IgnoreInterferenceByWriter.new
           end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_absence_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_absence_of_matcher.rb
index c78ddf6ad..bd834c33d 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_absence_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_absence_of_matcher.rb
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ def value
           if reflection
             obj = reflection.klass.new
             if collection?
-              [ obj ]
+              [obj]
             else
               obj
             end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_confirmation_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_confirmation_of_matcher.rb
index 81e91bace..0865a96c8 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_confirmation_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_confirmation_of_matcher.rb
@@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ def disallows_missing_confirmation
 
         def qualify_matcher(matcher, confirmation_attribute_value)
           matcher.values_to_preset = {
-            confirmation_attribute => confirmation_attribute_value
+            confirmation_attribute => confirmation_attribute_value,
           }
           matcher.with_message(
             @expected_message,
             against: confirmation_attribute,
-            values: { attribute: attribute }
+            values: { attribute: attribute },
           )
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_exclusion_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_exclusion_of_matcher.rb
index e58cd780c..f7e6db2eb 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_exclusion_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_exclusion_of_matcher.rb
@@ -146,11 +146,12 @@ def simple_description
           else
             description = "validate that :#{@attribute}"
 
-            if @array.many?
-              description << " is neither #{inspected_array}"
-            else
-              description << " is not #{inspected_array}"
-            end
+            description <<
+              if @array.many?
+                " is neither #{inspected_array}"
+              else
+                " is not #{inspected_array}"
+              end
 
             description
           end
@@ -238,8 +239,8 @@ def inspect_message
 
         def inspected_array
           Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_values(@array).to_sentence(
-            two_words_connector: " nor ",
-            last_word_connector: ", nor "
+            two_words_connector: ' nor ',
+            last_word_connector: ', nor ',
           )
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_inclusion_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_inclusion_of_matcher.rb
index 8ae79a67a..3d0efdc61 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_inclusion_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_inclusion_of_matcher.rb
@@ -268,20 +268,20 @@ def validate_inclusion_of(attr)
 
       # @private
       class ValidateInclusionOfMatcher < ValidationMatcher
-        BLANK_VALUES = ['', ' ', "\n", "\r", "\t", "\f"]
-        ARBITRARY_OUTSIDE_STRING = 'shoulda-matchers test string'
+        BLANK_VALUES = ['', ' ', "\n", "\r", "\t", "\f"].freeze
+        ARBITRARY_OUTSIDE_STRING = 'shoulda-matchers test string'.freeze
         ARBITRARY_OUTSIDE_INTEGER = 123456789
         ARBITRARY_OUTSIDE_DECIMAL = BigDecimal('0.123456789')
         ARBITRARY_OUTSIDE_DATE = Date.jd(9999999)
         ARBITRARY_OUTSIDE_DATETIME = DateTime.jd(9999999)
         ARBITRARY_OUTSIDE_TIME = Time.at(9999999999)
-        BOOLEAN_ALLOWS_BOOLEAN_MESSAGE = <<EOT
+        BOOLEAN_ALLOWS_BOOLEAN_MESSAGE = <<EOT.freeze
 You are using `validate_inclusion_of` to assert that a boolean column allows
 boolean values and disallows non-boolean ones. Be aware that it is not possible
 to fully test this, as boolean columns will automatically convert non-boolean
 values to boolean ones. Hence, you should consider removing this test.
 EOT
-        BOOLEAN_ALLOWS_NIL_MESSAGE = <<EOT
+        BOOLEAN_ALLOWS_NIL_MESSAGE = <<EOT.freeze
 You are using `validate_inclusion_of` to assert that a boolean column allows nil.
 Be aware that it is not possible to fully test this, as anything other than
 true, false or nil will be converted to false. Hence, you should consider
@@ -354,11 +354,12 @@ def simple_description
           else
             description = "validate that :#{@attribute}"
 
-            if @array.many?
-              description << " is either #{inspected_array}"
-            else
-              description << " is #{inspected_array}"
-            end
+            description <<
+              if @array.many?
+                " is either #{inspected_array}"
+              else
+                " is #{inspected_array}"
+              end
 
             description
           end
@@ -545,10 +546,10 @@ def boolean_outside_values
           values = []
 
           values << case @array
-            when [true]  then false
-            when [false] then true
-            else              raise CouldNotDetermineValueOutsideOfArray
-          end
+                    when [true]  then false
+                    when [false] then true
+                    else              raise CouldNotDetermineValueOutsideOfArray
+                    end
 
           if attribute_allows_nil?
             values << nil
@@ -581,21 +582,21 @@ def attribute_column
 
         def column_type_to_attribute_type(type)
           case type
-            when :float then :integer
-            when :timestamp then :datetime
-            else type
+          when :float then :integer
+          when :timestamp then :datetime
+          else type
           end
         end
 
         def value_to_attribute_type(value)
           case value
-            when true, false then :boolean
-            when BigDecimal then :decimal
-            when Integer then :integer
-            when Date then :date
-            when DateTime then :datetime
-            when Time then :time
-            else :unknown
+          when true, false then :boolean
+          when BigDecimal then :decimal
+          when Integer then :integer
+          when Date then :date
+          when DateTime then :datetime
+          when Time then :time
+          else :unknown
           end
         end
 
@@ -609,8 +610,8 @@ def disallows_nil_value?
 
         def inspected_array
           Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_values(@array).to_sentence(
-            two_words_connector: " or ",
-            last_word_connector: ", or "
+            two_words_connector: ' or ',
+            last_word_connector: ', or ',
           )
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_length_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_length_of_matcher.rb
index 4c5dff6b1..84480743d 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_length_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_length_of_matcher.rb
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ def allows_lower_length?
             @options[:minimum] > 0 &&
             allows_length_of?(
               @options[:minimum] - 1,
-              translated_short_message
+              translated_short_message,
             )
         end
 
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ def disallows_lower_length?
             (@options[:minimum] == 1 && expects_to_allow_blank?) ||
             disallows_length_of?(
               @options[:minimum] - 1,
-              translated_short_message
+              translated_short_message,
             )
         end
 
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ def allows_higher_length?
           @options.key?(:maximum) &&
             allows_length_of?(
               @options[:maximum] + 1,
-              translated_long_message
+              translated_long_message,
             )
         end
 
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ def disallows_higher_length?
           !@options.key?(:maximum) ||
             disallows_length_of?(
               @options[:maximum] + 1,
-              translated_long_message
+              translated_long_message,
             )
         end
 
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ def translated_short_message
                 model_name: @subject.class.to_s.underscore,
                 instance: @subject,
                 attribute: @attribute,
-                count: @options[:minimum]
+                count: @options[:minimum],
               )
             else
               @short_message
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ def translated_long_message
                 model_name: @subject.class.to_s.underscore,
                 instance: @subject,
                 attribute: @attribute,
-                count: @options[:maximum]
+                count: @options[:maximum],
               )
             else
               @long_message
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_numericality_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_numericality_of_matcher.rb
index 80484f79a..bc7f142bf 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_numericality_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_numericality_of_matcher.rb
@@ -331,8 +331,7 @@ def validate_numericality_of(attr)
 
       # @private
       class ValidateNumericalityOfMatcher
-        NUMERIC_NAME = 'number'
-        NON_NUMERIC_VALUE = 'abcd'
+        NUMERIC_NAME = 'number'.freeze
         DEFAULT_DIFF_TO_COMPARE = 1
 
         include Qualifiers::IgnoringInterferenceByWriter
@@ -364,7 +363,7 @@ def expects_strict?
 
         def only_integer
           prepare_submatcher(
-            NumericalityMatchers::OnlyIntegerMatcher.new(self, @attribute)
+            NumericalityMatchers::OnlyIntegerMatcher.new(self, @attribute),
           )
           self
         end
@@ -372,9 +371,9 @@ def only_integer
         def allow_nil
           @expects_to_allow_nil = true
           prepare_submatcher(
-            AllowValueMatcher.new(nil)
-              .for(@attribute)
-              .with_message(:not_a_number)
+            AllowValueMatcher.new(nil).
+              for(@attribute).
+              with_message(:not_a_number),
           )
           self
         end
@@ -385,14 +384,14 @@ def expects_to_allow_nil?
 
         def odd
           prepare_submatcher(
-            NumericalityMatchers::OddNumberMatcher.new(self, @attribute)
+            NumericalityMatchers::OddNumberMatcher.new(self, @attribute),
           )
           self
         end
 
         def even
           prepare_submatcher(
-            NumericalityMatchers::EvenNumberMatcher.new(self, @attribute)
+            NumericalityMatchers::EvenNumberMatcher.new(self, @attribute),
           )
           self
         end
@@ -459,7 +458,7 @@ def simple_description
           description << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.a_or_an(full_allowed_type)
 
           if comparison_descriptions.present?
-            description << ' ' + comparison_descriptions
+            description << " #{comparison_descriptions}"
           end
 
           description
@@ -479,7 +478,8 @@ def failure_message
         def failure_message_when_negated
           overall_failure_message_when_negated.dup.tap do |message|
             message << "\n"
-            message << failure_message_for_first_submatcher_that_fails_to_not_match
+            message <<
+              failure_message_for_first_submatcher_that_fails_to_not_match
           end
         end
 
@@ -500,15 +500,15 @@ def matches_or_does_not_match?(subject)
 
         def overall_failure_message
           Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
-            "Expected #{model.name} to #{description}, but this could not " +
-            'be proved.'
+            "Expected #{model.name} to #{description}, but this could not "\
+            'be proved.',
           )
         end
 
         def overall_failure_message_when_negated
           Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
-            "Expected #{model.name} not to #{description}, but this could not " +
-            'be proved.'
+            "Expected #{model.name} not to #{description}, but this could not "\
+            'be proved.',
           )
         end
 
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ def columns_hash
 
         def add_disallow_value_matcher
           disallow_value_matcher = DisallowValueMatcher.
-            new(NON_NUMERIC_VALUE).
+            new(non_numeric_value).
             for(@attribute).
             with_message(:not_a_number)
 
@@ -558,7 +558,10 @@ def add_submatcher(submatcher)
           end
 
           if submatcher.respond_to?(:diff_to_compare)
-            @diff_to_compare = [@diff_to_compare, submatcher.diff_to_compare].max
+            @diff_to_compare = [
+              @diff_to_compare,
+              submatcher.diff_to_compare,
+            ].max
           end
 
           @submatchers << submatcher
@@ -579,7 +582,7 @@ def qualify_submatchers
             end
 
             submatcher.ignoring_interference_by_writer(
-              ignore_interference_by_writer
+              ignore_interference_by_writer,
             )
           end
         end
@@ -600,28 +603,30 @@ def has_been_qualified?
         end
 
         def first_submatcher_that_fails_to_match
-          @_failing_submatchers ||= @submatchers.detect do |submatcher|
-            !submatcher.matches?(@subject)
-          end
+          @_first_submatcher_that_fails_to_match ||=
+            @submatchers.detect do |submatcher|
+              !submatcher.matches?(@subject)
+            end
         end
 
         def first_submatcher_that_fails_to_not_match
-          @_failing_submatchers ||= @submatchers.detect do |submatcher|
-            !submatcher.does_not_match?(@subject)
-          end
+          @_first_submatcher_that_fails_to_not_match ||=
+            @submatchers.detect do |submatcher|
+              !submatcher.does_not_match?(@subject)
+            end
         end
 
         def failure_message_for_first_submatcher_that_fails_to_match
           build_submatcher_failure_message_for(
             first_submatcher_that_fails_to_match,
-            :failure_message
+            :failure_message,
           )
         end
 
         def failure_message_for_first_submatcher_that_fails_to_not_match
           build_submatcher_failure_message_for(
             first_submatcher_that_fails_to_not_match,
-            :failure_message_when_negated
+            :failure_message_when_negated,
           )
         end
 
@@ -652,7 +657,11 @@ def full_allowed_type
 
         def comparison_descriptions
           description_array = submatcher_comparison_descriptions
-          description_array.empty? ? '' : submatcher_comparison_descriptions.join(' and ')
+          if description_array.empty?
+            ''
+          else
+            submatcher_comparison_descriptions.join(' and ')
+          end
         end
 
         def submatcher_comparison_descriptions
@@ -667,6 +676,10 @@ def submatcher_comparison_descriptions
         def model
           @subject.class
         end
+
+        def non_numeric_value
+          'abcd'
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_presence_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_presence_of_matcher.rb
index de770b076..f3b7b5dd2 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_presence_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_presence_of_matcher.rb
@@ -260,11 +260,11 @@ def should_add_footnote_about_belongs_to?
 
         def reason_for_existing_presence_validation
           if belongs_to_association_configured_to_be_required?
-            "you've instructed your `belongs_to` association to add a " +
+            "you've instructed your `belongs_to` association to add a "\
               'presence validation to the attribute'
           else
             # assume ::ActiveRecord::Base.belongs_to_required_by_default == true
-            'ActiveRecord is configured to add a presence validation to all ' +
+            'ActiveRecord is configured to add a presence validation to all '\
               '`belongs_to` associations, and this includes yours'
           end
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_matcher.rb
index e2a153c40..798d4b2dc 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_matcher.rb
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def failure_message
               message << "\n"
               message << Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
                 failure_reason,
-                indent: 2
+                indent: 2,
               )
             end
           end
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def failure_message_when_negated
               message << "\n"
               message << Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
                 failure_reason,
-                indent: 2
+                indent: 2,
               )
             end
           end
@@ -137,15 +137,15 @@ def allow_blank_does_not_match?
 
         def overall_failure_message
           Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
-            "Expected #{model.name} to #{description}, but this could not be " +
-            'proved.'
+            "Expected #{model.name} to #{description}, but this could not be "\
+            'proved.',
           )
         end
 
         def overall_failure_message_when_negated
           Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
-            "Expected #{model.name} not to #{description}, but this could " +
-            'not be proved.'
+            "Expected #{model.name} not to #{description}, but this could "\
+            'not be proved.',
           )
         end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_matcher/build_description.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_matcher/build_description.rb
index 2fb1adf99..2decbc273 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_matcher/build_description.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_matcher/build_description.rb
@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@ def initialize(matcher, main_description)
 
           def call
             if description_clauses_for_qualifiers.any?
-              main_description +
-                clause_for_allow_blank_or_nil +
-                ', ' +
-                description_clauses_for_qualifiers.to_sentence
+              "#{main_description}#{clause_for_allow_blank_or_nil},"\
+              " #{description_clauses_for_qualifiers.to_sentence}"
             else
               main_description + clause_for_allow_blank_or_nil
             end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_message_finder.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_message_finder.rb
index 33d1305e1..551393839 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_message_finder.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validation_message_finder.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ module ActiveModel
       class ValidationMessageFinder
         include Helpers
 
-        def initialize(instance, attribute, context=nil)
+        def initialize(instance, attribute, context = nil)
           @instance = instance
           @attribute = attribute
           @context = context
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def errors
         end
 
         def validated_instance
-          @validated_instance ||= validate_instance
+          @_validated_instance ||= validate_instance
         end
 
         def validate_instance
@@ -58,8 +58,6 @@ def validate_instance
           @instance
         end
       end
-
     end
   end
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validator.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validator.rb
index 426437296..740732279 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validator.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validator.rb
@@ -108,14 +108,14 @@ def perform_validation
           {
             all_validation_errors: all_validation_errors,
             validation_error_messages: validation_error_messages,
-            validation_exception_message: nil
+            validation_exception_message: nil,
           }
-        rescue ::ActiveModel::StrictValidationFailed => exception
+        rescue ::ActiveModel::StrictValidationFailed => e
           @captured_validation_exception = true
           {
             all_validation_errors: nil,
             validation_error_messages: [],
-            validation_exception_message: exception.message
+            validation_exception_message: e.message,
           }
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record.rb
index 9c97d7078..5552e65b2 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record.rb
@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/counter_cache_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/inverse_of_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/join_table_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/order_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/through_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/dependent_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/required_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/optional_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/source_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflector"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflection"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/option_verifier"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_column_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_readonly_attribute_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/accept_nested_attributes_for_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher"
-require "shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_attached_matcher"
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/counter_cache_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/inverse_of_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/join_table_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/order_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/through_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/dependent_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/required_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/optional_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/source_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflector'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflection'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/option_verifier'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_column_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_readonly_attribute_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/accept_nested_attributes_for_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher'
+require 'shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_attached_matcher'
 
 module Shoulda
   module Matchers
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/accept_nested_attributes_for_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/accept_nested_attributes_for_matcher.rb
index 737b0e52a..deaf97037 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/accept_nested_attributes_for_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/accept_nested_attributes_for_matcher.rb
@@ -158,17 +158,20 @@ def exists?
         end
 
         def allow_destroy_correct?
-          failure_message = "#{should_or_should_not(@options[:allow_destroy])} allow destroy"
+          failure_message = "#{should_or_should_not(@options[:allow_destroy])}"\
+            ' allow destroy'
           verify_option_is_correct(:allow_destroy, failure_message)
         end
 
         def limit_correct?
-          failure_message = "limit should be #{@options[:limit]}, got #{config[:limit]}"
+          failure_message = "limit should be #{@options[:limit]},"\
+            " got #{config[:limit]}"
           verify_option_is_correct(:limit, failure_message)
         end
 
         def update_only_correct?
-          failure_message = "#{should_or_should_not(@options[:update_only])} be update only"
+          failure_message = "#{should_or_should_not(@options[:update_only])}"\
+            ' be update only'
           verify_option_is_correct(:update_only, failure_message)
         end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher.rb
index 5c6a40951..851471ca5 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher.rb
@@ -985,6 +985,13 @@ def have_and_belong_to_many(name)
 
       # @private
       class AssociationMatcher
+        MACROS = {
+          'belongs_to' => 'belong to',
+          'has_many' => 'have many',
+          'has_one' => 'have one',
+          'has_and_belongs_to_many' => 'have and belong to many',
+        }.freeze
+
         delegate :reflection, :model_class, :associated_class, :through?,
           :polymorphic?, to: :reflector
 
@@ -1128,7 +1135,9 @@ def without_validating_presence
 
         def description
           description = "#{macro_description} #{name}"
-          description += " class_name => #{options[:class_name]}" if options.key?(:class_name)
+          if options.key?(:class_name)
+            description += " class_name => #{options[:class_name]}"
+          end
           [description, submatchers.map(&:description)].flatten.join(' ')
         end
 
@@ -1163,7 +1172,8 @@ def join_table_name
         end
 
         def option_verifier
-          @option_verifier ||= AssociationMatchers::OptionVerifier.new(reflector)
+          @_option_verifier ||=
+            AssociationMatchers::OptionVerifier.new(reflector)
         end
 
         protected
@@ -1171,7 +1181,7 @@ def option_verifier
         attr_reader :submatchers, :missing, :subject, :macro
 
         def reflector
-          @reflector ||= AssociationMatchers::ModelReflector.new(subject, name)
+          @_reflector ||= AssociationMatchers::ModelReflector.new(subject, name)
         end
 
         def add_submatcher(matcher_class, *args)
@@ -1186,16 +1196,7 @@ def remove_submatcher(matcher_class)
         end
 
         def macro_description
-          case macro.to_s
-          when 'belongs_to'
-            'belong to'
-          when 'has_many'
-            'have many'
-          when 'has_one'
-            'have one'
-          when 'has_and_belongs_to_many'
-            'have and belong to many'
-          end
+          MACROS[macro.to_s]
         end
 
         def expectation
@@ -1215,14 +1216,14 @@ def missing_options
         end
 
         def failing_submatchers
-          @failing_submatchers ||= submatchers.select do |matcher|
-            !matcher.matches?(subject)
+          @_failing_submatchers ||= submatchers.reject do |matcher|
+            matcher.matches?(subject)
           end
         end
 
         def missing_options_for_failing_submatchers
-          if defined?(@failing_submatchers)
-            @failing_submatchers.map(&:missing_option)
+          if defined?(@_failing_submatchers)
+            @_failing_submatchers.map(&:missing_option)
           else
             []
           end
@@ -1252,8 +1253,8 @@ def macro_correct?
         def validate_inverse_of_through_association
           reflector.validate_inverse_of_through_association!
           true
-        rescue ::ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError => error
-          @missing = error.message
+        rescue ::ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError => e
+          @missing = e.message
           false
         end
 
@@ -1282,10 +1283,14 @@ def has_foreign_key_missing?
 
         def class_name_correct?
           if options.key?(:class_name)
-            if option_verifier.correct_for_constant?(:class_name, options[:class_name])
+            if option_verifier.correct_for_constant?(
+              :class_name,
+              options[:class_name],
+            )
               true
             else
-              @missing = "#{name} should resolve to #{options[:class_name]} for class_name"
+              @missing = "#{name} should resolve to #{options[:class_name]}"\
+                ' for class_name'
               false
             end
           else
@@ -1294,7 +1299,10 @@ def class_name_correct?
         end
 
         def join_table_correct?
-          if macro != :has_and_belongs_to_many || join_table_matcher.matches?(@subject)
+          if (
+            macro != :has_and_belongs_to_many ||
+            join_table_matcher.matches?(@subject)
+          )
             true
           else
             @missing = join_table_matcher.failure_message
@@ -1303,8 +1311,10 @@ def join_table_correct?
         end
 
         def join_table_matcher
-          @join_table_matcher ||=
-            AssociationMatchers::JoinTableMatcher.new(self, reflector)
+          @_join_table_matcher ||= AssociationMatchers::JoinTableMatcher.new(
+            self,
+            reflector,
+          )
         end
 
         def class_exists?
@@ -1317,10 +1327,14 @@ def class_exists?
 
         def autosave_correct?
           if options.key?(:autosave)
-            if option_verifier.correct_for_boolean?(:autosave, options[:autosave])
+            if option_verifier.correct_for_boolean?(
+              :autosave,
+              options[:autosave],
+            )
               true
             else
-              @missing = "#{name} should have autosave set to #{options[:autosave]}"
+              @missing = "#{name} should have autosave set to"\
+                " #{options[:autosave]}"
               false
             end
           else
@@ -1333,23 +1347,27 @@ def index_errors_correct?
 
           if option_verifier.correct_for_boolean?(
             :index_errors,
-            options[:index_errors]
+            options[:index_errors],
           )
             true
           else
             @missing =
               "#{name} should have index_errors set to " +
-              "#{options[:index_errors]}"
+              options[:index_errors].to_s
             false
           end
         end
 
         def conditions_correct?
           if options.key?(:conditions)
-            if option_verifier.correct_for_relation_clause?(:conditions, options[:conditions])
+            if option_verifier.correct_for_relation_clause?(
+              :conditions,
+              options[:conditions],
+            )
               true
             else
-              @missing = "#{name} should have the following conditions: #{options[:conditions]}"
+              @missing = "#{name} should have the following conditions:" +
+                         " #{options[:conditions]}"
               false
             end
           else
@@ -1377,7 +1395,10 @@ def touch_correct?
 
         def class_has_foreign_key?(klass)
           if options.key?(:foreign_key)
-            option_verifier.correct_for_string?(:foreign_key, options[:foreign_key])
+            option_verifier.correct_for_string?(
+              :foreign_key,
+              options[:foreign_key],
+            )
           elsif column_names_for(klass).include?(foreign_key)
             true
           else
@@ -1388,10 +1409,14 @@ def class_has_foreign_key?(klass)
 
         def primary_key_correct?(klass)
           if options.key?(:primary_key)
-            if option_verifier.correct_for_string?(:primary_key, options[:primary_key])
+            if option_verifier.correct_for_string?(
+              :primary_key,
+              options[:primary_key],
+            )
               true
             else
-              @missing = "#{klass} does not have a #{options[:primary_key]} primary key"
+              @missing = "#{klass} does not have a #{options[:primary_key]}"\
+                ' primary key'
               false
             end
           else
@@ -1410,8 +1435,14 @@ def foreign_key
         end
 
         def foreign_key_reflection
-          if [:has_one, :has_many].include?(macro) && reflection.options.include?(:inverse_of) && reflection.options[:inverse_of] != false
-            associated_class.reflect_on_association(reflection.options[:inverse_of])
+          if (
+            [:has_one, :has_many].include?(macro) &&
+            reflection.options.include?(:inverse_of) &&
+            reflection.options[:inverse_of] != false
+          )
+            associated_class.reflect_on_association(
+              reflection.options[:inverse_of],
+            )
           else
             reflection
           end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/counter_cache_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/counter_cache_matcher.rb
index 6866e3b9b..b012f8b33 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/counter_cache_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/counter_cache_matcher.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@ def description
           def matches?(subject)
             self.subject = ModelReflector.new(subject, name)
 
-            if option_verifier.correct_for_string?(:counter_cache, counter_cache)
+            if option_verifier.correct_for_string?(
+              :counter_cache,
+              counter_cache,
+            )
               true
             else
               self.missing_option = "#{name} should have #{description}"
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ def matches?(subject)
           attr_accessor :subject, :counter_cache, :name
 
           def option_verifier
-            @option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
+            @_option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/dependent_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/dependent_matcher.rb
index 973433a01..f5ef0380a 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/dependent_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/dependent_matcher.rb
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def matches?(subject)
           private
 
           def option_verifier
-            @option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
+            @_option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
           end
 
           def option_matches?
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ def option_matches?
 
           def option_type
             case dependent
-              when true, false then :boolean
-              else :string
+            when true, false then :boolean
+            else :string
             end
           end
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def generate_missing_option
             [
               "#{name} should have",
               (dependent == true ? 'a' : dependent),
-              'dependency'
+              'dependency',
             ].join(' ')
           end
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/inverse_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/inverse_of_matcher.rb
index ae9a56563..e27d247fe 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/inverse_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/inverse_of_matcher.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def matches?(subject)
           attr_accessor :subject, :inverse_of, :name
 
           def option_verifier
-            @option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
+            @_option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/join_table_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/join_table_matcher.rb
index 83fa16485..a6a1c4031 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/join_table_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/join_table_matcher.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def initialize(association_matcher, reflector)
             @reflector = reflector
           end
 
-          def matches?(subject)
+          def matches?(_subject)
             join_table_option_correct? &&
               join_table_exists? &&
               join_table_has_correct_columns?
@@ -26,10 +26,14 @@ def matches?(subject)
 
           def join_table_option_correct?
             if options.key?(:join_table_name)
-              if option_verifier.correct_for_string?(:join_table, options[:join_table_name])
+              if option_verifier.correct_for_string?(
+                :join_table,
+                options[:join_table_name],
+              )
                 true
               else
-                @failure_message = "#{name} should use #{options[:join_table_name].inspect} for :join_table option"
+                @failure_message = "#{name} should use"\
+                  " #{options[:join_table_name].inspect} for :join_table option"
                 false
               end
             else
@@ -38,7 +42,8 @@ def join_table_option_correct?
           end
 
           def join_table_exists?
-            if RailsShim.tables_and_views(connection).include?(join_table_name.to_s)
+            if RailsShim.tables_and_views(connection).
+                include?(join_table_name.to_s)
               true
             else
               @failure_message = missing_table_message
@@ -64,8 +69,8 @@ def join_table_has_correct_columns?
           delegate :foreign_key, :association_foreign_key, to: :reflector
 
           def missing_columns
-            @missing_columns ||= expected_join_table_columns.select do |key|
-              !actual_join_table_columns.include?(key.to_s)
+            @_missing_columns ||= expected_join_table_columns.reject do |key|
+              actual_join_table_columns.include?(key.to_s)
             end
           end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflection.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflection.rb
index 4247f146a..13e41e55f 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflection.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflection.rb
@@ -26,12 +26,7 @@ def through?
 
           def join_table_name
             join_table_name =
-              if has_and_belongs_to_many_name_table_name
-                has_and_belongs_to_many_name_table_name
-              else
-                reflection.join_table
-              end
-
+              has_and_belongs_to_many_name_table_name || reflection.join_table
             join_table_name.to_s
           end
 
@@ -82,9 +77,7 @@ def has_and_belongs_to_many_name
           private
 
           def has_and_belongs_to_many_name_table_name
-            if has_and_belongs_to_many_reflection
-              has_and_belongs_to_many_reflection.table_name
-            end
+            has_and_belongs_to_many_reflection&.table_name
           end
 
           def has_and_belongs_to_many_reflection
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflector.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflector.rb
index f72ea9a5d..e9a8cc39c 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflector.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/model_reflector.rb
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ class ModelReflector
             :join_table_name,
             :polymorphic?,
             :validate_inverse_of_through_association!,
-            to: :reflection
+            to: :reflection,
           )
 
           delegate(
             :through?,
             to: :reflection,
-            allow_nil: true
+            allow_nil: true,
           )
 
           def initialize(subject, name)
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def association_relation
           end
 
           def reflection
-            @reflection ||= reflect_on_association(name)
+            @_reflection ||= reflect_on_association(name)
           end
 
           def reflect_on_association(name)
@@ -48,9 +48,12 @@ def model_class
 
           def build_relation_with_clause(name, value)
             case name
-              when :conditions then associated_class.where(value)
-              when :order      then associated_class.order(value)
-              else                  raise ArgumentError, "Unknown clause '#{name}'"
+            when :conditions
+              associated_class.where(value)
+            when :order
+              associated_class.order(value)
+            else
+              raise ArgumentError, "Unknown clause '#{name}'"
             end
           end
 
@@ -59,7 +62,9 @@ def extract_relation_clause_from(relation, name)
             when :conditions
               relation.where_values_hash
             when :order
-              relation.order_values.map { |value| value_as_sql(value) }.join(', ')
+              relation.order_values.map do |value|
+                value_as_sql(value)
+              end.join(', ')
             else
               raise ArgumentError, "Unknown clause '#{name}'"
             end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/option_verifier.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/option_verifier.rb
index 3ad93b762..7aa641093 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/option_verifier.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/option_verifier.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module AssociationMatchers
         class OptionVerifier
           delegate :reflection, to: :reflector
 
-          RELATION_OPTIONS = [:conditions, :order]
+          RELATION_OPTIONS = [:conditions, :order].freeze
 
           def initialize(reflector)
             @reflector = reflector
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def correct_for?(*args)
             else
               type_cast_expected_value = type_cast(
                 type,
-                expected_value_for(type, name, expected_value)
+                expected_value_for(type, name, expected_value),
               )
               actual_value = type_cast(type, actual_value_for(name))
               type_cast_expected_value == actual_value
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def expected_value_for_relation_clause(name, value)
 
           def expected_value_for_constant(name)
             namespace = Shoulda::Matchers::Util.deconstantize(
-              reflector.model_class.to_s
+              reflector.model_class.to_s,
             )
 
             ["#{namespace}::#{name}", name].each do |path|
@@ -107,7 +107,10 @@ def expected_value_for_constant(name)
           end
 
           def actual_value_for_relation_clause(name)
-            reflector.extract_relation_clause_from(reflector.association_relation, name)
+            reflector.extract_relation_clause_from(
+              reflector.association_relation,
+              name,
+            )
           end
 
           def actual_value_for_class_name
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/optional_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/optional_matcher.rb
index b6ab57557..a471f42ee 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/optional_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/optional_matcher.rb
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ def matches?(subject)
                 end
 
               missing_option << (
-                'fail validation if ' +
-                ":#{attribute_name} is unset; i.e., either the association " +
-                'should have been defined with `optional: ' +
+                'fail validation if '\
+                ":#{attribute_name} is unset; i.e., either the association "\
+                'should have been defined with `optional: '\
                 "#{optional.inspect}`, or there "
               )
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/order_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/order_matcher.rb
index 087759556..3c18c0923 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/order_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/order_matcher.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def matches?(subject)
           attr_accessor :subject, :order, :name
 
           def option_verifier
-            @option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
+            @_option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/required_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/required_matcher.rb
index 9a84ebc4c..576c5af5c 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/required_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/required_matcher.rb
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ def matches?(subject)
                 end
 
               missing_option << (
-                'fail validation if ' +
-                ":#{attribute_name} is unset; i.e., either the association " +
-                'should have been defined with `required: ' +
+                'fail validation if '\
+                ":#{attribute_name} is unset; i.e., either the association "\
+                'should have been defined with `required: '\
                 "#{required.inspect}`, or there "
               )
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/source_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/source_matcher.rb
index 7985b003d..2aa3ab7d4 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/source_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/source_matcher.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ def matches?(subject)
             if option_verifier.correct_for_string?(:source, source)
               true
             else
-              self.missing_option = "#{name} should have #{source} as source option"
+              self.missing_option =
+                "#{name} should have #{source} as source option"
               false
             end
           end
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ def matches?(subject)
           attr_accessor :subject, :source, :name
 
           def option_verifier
-            @option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
+            @_option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/through_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/through_matcher.rb
index 0569394a4..f578e85b7 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/through_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matchers/through_matcher.rb
@@ -29,13 +29,14 @@ def through_association_exists?
             if through_reflection.present?
               true
             else
-              self.missing_option = "#{name} does not have any relationship to #{through}"
+              self.missing_option =
+                "#{name} does not have any relationship to #{through}"
               false
             end
           end
 
           def through_reflection
-            @through_reflection ||= subject.reflect_on_association(through)
+            @_through_reflection ||= subject.reflect_on_association(through)
           end
 
           def through_association_correct?
@@ -43,8 +44,9 @@ def through_association_correct?
               true
             else
               self.missing_option =
-                "Expected #{name} to have #{name} through #{through}, " +
-                "but got it through #{option_verifier.actual_value_for(:through)}"
+                "Expected #{name} to have #{name} through #{through}, "\
+                'but got it through ' +
+                option_verifier.actual_value_for(:through).to_s
               false
             end
           end
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ def through_association_correct?
           attr_accessor :through, :name, :subject
 
           def option_verifier
-            @option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
+            @_option_verifier ||= OptionVerifier.new(subject)
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher.rb
index 6fd570e01..28f877e9a 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher.rb
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ def failure_message
               "Expected #{model} to #{expectation}, but "
             end
 
-          message << failure_message_continuation + '.'
+          message << "#{failure_message_continuation}."
 
           Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(message)
         end
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ def failure_message_when_negated
         attr_reader :attribute_name, :options, :record,
           :failure_message_continuation
 
-        def expectation
+        def expectation # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
           if enum_defined?
             expectation = "#{simple_description} backed by "
             expectation << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.a_or_an(expected_column_type)
@@ -358,8 +358,8 @@ def column_type_matches?
             true
           else
             @failure_message_continuation =
-              "However, #{attribute_name.inspect} is " +
-              Shoulda::Matchers::Util.a_or_an(column.type) +
+              "However, #{attribute_name.inspect} is "\
+              "#{Shoulda::Matchers::Util.a_or_an(column.type)}"\
               ' column'
             false
           end
@@ -421,9 +421,9 @@ def expected_singleton_methods
         def expected_prefix
           if options.include?(:prefix)
             if options[:prefix] == true
-              attribute_name#.to_sym
+              attribute_name
             else
-              options[:prefix]#.to_sym
+              options[:prefix]
             end
           end
         end
@@ -431,9 +431,9 @@ def expected_prefix
         def expected_suffix
           if options.include?(:suffix)
             if options[:suffix] == true
-              attribute_name#.to_sym
+              attribute_name
             else
-              options[:suffix]#.to_sym
+              options[:suffix]
             end
           end
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_attached_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_attached_matcher.rb
index e36263573..9b6314da3 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_attached_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_attached_matcher.rb
@@ -134,10 +134,8 @@ def attachments_association_matcher
 
         def attachments_association_name
           case macro
-          when :one then
-            "#{name}_attachment"
-          when :many then
-            "#{name}_attachments"
+          when :one then "#{name}_attachment"
+          when :many then "#{name}_attachments"
           end
         end
 
@@ -163,10 +161,8 @@ def blobs_association_matcher
 
         def blobs_association_name
           case macro
-          when :one then
-            "#{name}_blob"
-          when :many then
-            "#{name}_blobs"
+          when :one then "#{name}_blob"
+          when :many then "#{name}_blobs"
           end
         end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_column_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_column_matcher.rb
index 76f955fa2..4430e72a4 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_column_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_column_matcher.rb
@@ -125,13 +125,17 @@ def failure_message_when_negated
 
         def description
           desc = "have db column named #{@column}"
-          desc << " of type #{@options[:column_type]}"    if @options.key?(:column_type)
-          desc << " of precision #{@options[:precision]}" if @options.key?(:precision)
-          desc << " of limit #{@options[:limit]}"         if @options.key?(:limit)
-          desc << " of default #{@options[:default]}"     if @options.key?(:default)
-          desc << " of null #{@options[:null]}"           if @options.key?(:null)
-          desc << " of primary #{@options[:primary]}"     if @options.key?(:primary)
-          desc << " of scale #{@options[:scale]}"         if @options.key?(:scale)
+          if @options.key?(:column_type)
+            desc << " of type #{@options[:column_type]}"
+          end
+          if @options.key?(:precision)
+            desc << " of precision #{@options[:precision]}"
+          end
+          desc << " of limit #{@options[:limit]}" if @options.key?(:limit)
+          desc << " of default #{@options[:default]}" if @options.key?(:default)
+          desc << " of null #{@options[:null]}" if @options.key?(:null)
+          desc << " of primary #{@options[:primary]}" if @options.key?(:primary)
+          desc << " of scale #{@options[:scale]}" if @options.key?(:scale)
           desc
         end
 
@@ -141,7 +145,8 @@ def column_exists?
           if model_class.column_names.include?(@column.to_s)
             true
           else
-            @missing = "#{model_class} does not have a db column named #{@column}."
+            @missing =
+              "#{model_class} does not have a db column named #{@column}."
             false
           end
         end
@@ -152,8 +157,9 @@ def correct_column_type?
           if matched_column.type.to_s == @options[:column_type].to_s
             true
           else
-            @missing = "#{model_class} has a db column named #{@column} " <<
-                       "of type #{matched_column.type}, not #{@options[:column_type]}."
+            @missing =
+              "#{model_class} has a db column named #{@column} " <<
+              "of type #{matched_column.type}, not #{@options[:column_type]}."
             false
           end
         end
@@ -229,18 +235,21 @@ def correct_primary?
             true
           else
             @missing = "#{model_class} has a db column named #{@column} "
-            if @options[:primary]
-              @missing << 'that is not primary, but should be'
-            else
-              @missing << 'that is primary, but should not be'
-            end
+            @missing <<
+              if @options[:primary]
+                'that is not primary, but should be'
+              else
+                'that is primary, but should not be'
+              end
             false
           end
         end
 
         def matched_column
           @_matched_column ||= begin
-            column = model_class.columns.detect { |each| each.name == @column.to_s }
+            column = model_class.columns.detect do |each|
+              each.name == @column.to_s
+            end
             DecoratedColumn.new(model_class, column)
           end
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher.rb
index 6cfe5d85b..e302400b3 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher.rb
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ def description
 
           description <<
             if qualifiers.include?(:unique)
-              Shoulda::Matchers::Util.a_or_an(index_type) + ' '
+              "#{Shoulda::Matchers::Util.a_or_an(index_type)} "
             else
               'an '
             end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column.rb
index 4008b9926..984f575c5 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column.rb
@@ -39,22 +39,22 @@ def matches?(subject)
           check_column_exists!
           check_implicit_order_column_matches!
           true
-        rescue SecondaryCheckFailedError => error
+        rescue SecondaryCheckFailedError => e
           @failure_message = Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
             "Expected #{model.name} to #{expectation}, " +
-            "but that could not be proved: #{error.message}."
+            "but that could not be proved: #{e.message}.",
           )
           false
-        rescue PrimaryCheckFailedError => error
+        rescue PrimaryCheckFailedError => e
           @failure_message = Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
-            "Expected #{model.name} to #{expectation}, but #{error.message}."
+            "Expected #{model.name} to #{expectation}, but #{e.message}.",
           )
           false
         end
 
         def failure_message_when_negated
           Shoulda::Matchers.word_wrap(
-            "Expected #{model.name} not to #{expectation}, but it did."
+            "Expected #{model.name} not to #{expectation}, but it did.",
           )
         end
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def check_column_exists!
           if !matcher.matches?(@subject)
             raise SecondaryCheckFailedError.new(
               "The :#{model.table_name} table does not have a " +
-              ":#{column_name} column"
+              ":#{column_name} column",
             )
           end
         end
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def check_implicit_order_column_matches!
           if model.implicit_order_column.to_s != column_name.to_s
             message =
               if model.implicit_order_column.nil?
-                "implicit_order_column is not set"
+                'implicit_order_column is not set'
               else
                 "it is :#{model.implicit_order_column}"
               end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_readonly_attribute_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_readonly_attribute_matcher.rb
index aec93184b..58465c6e3 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_readonly_attribute_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_readonly_attribute_matcher.rb
@@ -35,17 +35,19 @@ def initialize(attribute)
         def matches?(subject)
           @subject = subject
           if readonly_attributes.include?(@attribute)
-            @failure_message_when_negated = "Did not expect #{@attribute} to be read-only"
+            @failure_message_when_negated = "Did not expect #{@attribute}"\
+            ' to be read-only'
             true
           else
-            if readonly_attributes.empty?
-              @failure_message = "#{class_name} attribute #{@attribute} " <<
-                'is not read-only'
-            else
-              @failure_message = "#{class_name} is making " <<
-                "#{readonly_attributes.to_a.to_sentence} " <<
-                "read-only, but not #{@attribute}."
-            end
+            @failure_message =
+              if readonly_attributes.empty?
+                "#{class_name} attribute #{@attribute} " <<
+                  'is not read-only'
+              else
+                "#{class_name} is making " <<
+                  "#{readonly_attributes.to_a.to_sentence} " <<
+                  "read-only, but not #{@attribute}."
+              end
             false
           end
         end
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ def description
         private
 
         def readonly_attributes
-          @readonly_attributes ||= (@subject.class.readonly_attributes || [])
+          @_readonly_attributes ||= (@subject.class.readonly_attributes || [])
         end
 
         def class_name
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher.rb
index f1f391da4..0a9081fab 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher.rb
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ def initialize(rich_text_attribute)
         end
 
         def description
-          "have configured :#{rich_text_attribute} as a ActionText::RichText association"
+          "have configured :#{rich_text_attribute} as a "\
+          'ActionText::RichText association'
         end
 
         def failure_message
@@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ def failure_message
         end
 
         def failure_message_when_negated
-          "Did not expect #{subject.class} to have ActionText::RichText :#{rich_text_attribute}"
+          "Did not expect #{subject.class} to have ActionText::RichText"\
+          " :#{rich_text_attribute}"
         end
 
         def matches?(subject)
@@ -67,7 +69,9 @@ def has_attribute?
         end
 
         def has_expected_action_text?
-          @subject.send(rich_text_attribute).class.name == 'ActionText::RichText'
+          defined?(ActionText::RichText) &&
+            @subject.send(rich_text_attribute).
+              instance_of?(ActionText::RichText)
         end
 
         def error_description
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher.rb
index 541c886e6..ba76d31e5 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher.rb
@@ -63,12 +63,14 @@ def description
 
         def failure_message
           return if !@errors
+
           "Expected #{@subject.class} to #{description} but the following " \
           "errors were found: #{@errors.join(', ')}"
         end
 
         def failure_message_when_negated
           return if !@errors
+
           "Did not expect #{@subject.class} to have secure token " \
           ":#{token_attribute}"
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher.rb
index ca8965b01..e166e8db7 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher.rb
@@ -121,7 +121,9 @@ def failure_message_when_negated
 
         def description
           description = "serialize :#{@name}"
-          description += " class_name => #{@options[:type]}" if @options.key?(:type)
+          if @options.key?(:type)
+            description += " class_name => #{@options[:type]}"
+          end
           description
         end
 
@@ -141,13 +143,12 @@ def class_valid?
             klass = serialization_coder
             if klass == @options[:type]
               true
+            elsif klass.respond_to?(:object_class) &&
+                  klass.object_class == @options[:type]
+              true
             else
-              if klass.respond_to?(:object_class) && klass.object_class == @options[:type]
-                true
-              else
-                @missing = ":#{@name} should be a type of #{@options[:type]}"
-                false
-              end
+              @missing = ":#{@name} should be a type of #{@options[:type]}"
+              false
             end
           else
             true
@@ -176,9 +177,12 @@ def type_valid?
         end
 
         def expectation
-          expectation = "#{model_class.name} to serialize the attribute called :#{@name}"
+          expectation = "#{model_class.name} to serialize the attribute called"\
+            " :#{@name}"
           expectation += " with a type of #{@options[:type]}" if @options[:type]
-          expectation += " with an instance of #{@options[:instance_type]}" if @options[:instance_type]
+          if @options[:instance_type]
+            expectation += " with an instance of #{@options[:instance_type]}"
+          end
           expectation
         end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness/test_model_creator.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness/test_model_creator.rb
index 78f86e345..1c2fae9ee 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness/test_model_creator.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness/test_model_creator.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-require 'thread'
-
 module Shoulda
   module Matchers
     module ActiveRecord
@@ -37,7 +35,7 @@ def model_name_without_namespace
           def new_model
             @_new_model ||= Model.next_unique_copy_of(
               model_name_without_namespace,
-              namespace
+              namespace,
             )
           end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness/test_models.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness/test_models.rb
index 2283af96f..227559c77 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness/test_models.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/uniqueness/test_models.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-require 'thread'
-
 module Shoulda
   module Matchers
     module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher.rb
index 6b7f9eb84..0426bced6 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher.rb
@@ -270,14 +270,14 @@ def initialize(attribute)
           super(attribute)
           @expected_message = :taken
           @options = {
-            case_sensitivity_strategy: :sensitive
+            case_sensitivity_strategy: :sensitive,
           }
           @existing_record_created = false
           @failure_reason = nil
           @failure_reason_when_negated = nil
           @attribute_setters = {
             existing_record: AttributeSetters.new,
-            new_record: AttributeSetters.new
+            new_record: AttributeSetters.new,
           }
         end
 
@@ -413,11 +413,12 @@ def matches_scopes_configuration?
           else
             @failure_reason = 'Expected the validation '
 
-            if expected_scopes.empty?
-              @failure_reason << 'not to be scoped to anything, '
-            else
-              @failure_reason << "to be scoped to #{inspected_expected_scopes}, "
-            end
+            @failure_reason <<
+              if expected_scopes.empty?
+                'not to be scoped to anything, '
+              else
+                "to be scoped to #{inspected_expected_scopes}, "
+              end
 
             if actual_sets_of_scopes.any?
               @failure_reason << 'but it was scoped to '
@@ -461,7 +462,7 @@ def inspected_expected_scopes
         def inspected_actual_scopes
           inspected_actual_sets_of_scopes.to_sentence(
             words_connector: ' and ',
-            last_word_connector: ', and'
+            last_word_connector: ', and',
           )
         end
 
@@ -497,7 +498,9 @@ def matches_allow_nil?
         def does_not_match_allow_nil?
           expects_to_allow_nil? && (
             update_existing_record!(nil) &&
-            (@failure_reason = nil || disallows_value_of(nil, @expected_message))
+            (@failure_reason = nil ||
+              disallows_value_of(nil, @expected_message)
+            )
           )
         end
 
@@ -533,21 +536,15 @@ def find_or_create_existing_record
         end
 
         def find_existing_record
-          record = model.first
-
-          if record.present?
-            record
-          else
-            nil
-          end
+          model.first.presence
         end
 
         def create_existing_record
           @given_record.tap do |existing_record|
             existing_record.save(validate: false)
           end
-        rescue ::ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid => error
-          raise ExistingRecordInvalid.create(underlying_exception: error)
+        rescue ::ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid => e
+          raise ExistingRecordInvalid.create(underlying_exception: e)
         end
 
         def update_existing_record!(value)
@@ -583,7 +580,7 @@ def build_new_record
           attribute_names_under_test.each do |attribute_name|
             set_attribute_on_new_record!(
               attribute_name,
-              existing_record.public_send(attribute_name)
+              existing_record.public_send(attribute_name),
             )
           end
 
@@ -625,11 +622,12 @@ def matches_presence_of_scopes?
 
             reason << inspected_scopes.to_sentence
 
-            if inspected_scopes.many?
-              reason << " do not seem to be attributes"
-            else
-              reason << " does not seem to be an attribute"
-            end
+            reason <<
+              if inspected_scopes.many?
+                ' do not seem to be attributes'
+              else
+                ' does not seem to be an attribute'
+              end
 
             reason << " on #{model.name}."
 
@@ -649,11 +647,12 @@ def does_not_match_presence_of_scopes?
 
             reason << inspected_scopes.to_sentence
 
-            if inspected_scopes.many?
-              reason << " seem to be attributes"
-            else
-              reason << " seems to be an attribute"
-            end
+            reason <<
+              if inspected_scopes.many?
+                ' seem to be attributes'
+              else
+                ' seems to be an attribute'
+              end
 
             reason << " on #{model.name}."
 
@@ -664,14 +663,14 @@ def does_not_match_presence_of_scopes?
         end
 
         def scopes_present_on_model
-          @_present_scopes ||= expected_scopes.select do |scope|
+          @_scopes_present_on_model ||= expected_scopes.select do |scope|
             model.method_defined?("#{scope}=")
           end
         end
 
         def scopes_missing_on_model
-          @_missing_scopes ||= expected_scopes.select do |scope|
-            !model.method_defined?("#{scope}=")
+          @_scopes_missing_on_model ||= expected_scopes.reject do |scope|
+            model.method_defined?("#{scope}=")
           end
         end
 
@@ -703,7 +702,7 @@ def matches_uniqueness_with_case_sensitivity_strategy?
                 raise NonCaseSwappableValueError.create(
                   model: model,
                   attribute: @attribute,
-                  value: value
+                  value: value,
                 )
               end
 
@@ -730,7 +729,7 @@ def does_not_match_uniqueness_with_case_sensitivity_strategy?
                 raise NonCaseSwappableValueError.create(
                   model: model,
                   attribute: @attribute,
-                  value: value
+                  value: value,
                 )
               end
 
@@ -795,7 +794,7 @@ def dummy_value_for(scope)
           column = column_for(scope)
 
           if column.respond_to?(:array) && column.array
-            [ dummy_scalar_value_for(column) ]
+            [dummy_scalar_value_for(column)]
           else
             dummy_scalar_value_for(column)
           end
@@ -807,7 +806,7 @@ def dummy_scalar_value_for(column)
 
         def next_value_for(scope, previous_value)
           if previous_value.is_a?(Array)
-            [ next_scalar_value_for(scope, previous_value[0]) ]
+            [next_scalar_value_for(scope, previous_value[0])]
           else
             next_scalar_value_for(scope, previous_value)
           end
@@ -863,7 +862,7 @@ def set_attribute_on!(record_type, record, attribute_name, value)
           attribute_setter = build_attribute_setter(
             record,
             attribute_name,
-            value
+            value,
           )
           attribute_setter.set!
 
@@ -875,7 +874,7 @@ def set_attribute_on_existing_record!(attribute_name, value)
             :existing_record,
             existing_record,
             attribute_name,
-            value
+            value,
           )
         end
 
@@ -884,7 +883,7 @@ def set_attribute_on_new_record!(attribute_name, value)
             :new_record,
             new_record,
             attribute_name,
-            value
+            value,
           )
         end
 
@@ -902,13 +901,14 @@ def attribute_names_under_test
         end
 
         def build_attribute_setter(record, attribute_name, value)
-          Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::AllowValueMatcher::AttributeSetter.new(
-            matcher_name: :validate_uniqueness_of,
-            object: record,
-            attribute_name: attribute_name,
-            value: value,
-            ignore_interference_by_writer: ignore_interference_by_writer
-          )
+          Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::AllowValueMatcher::AttributeSetter.
+            new(
+              matcher_name: :validate_uniqueness_of,
+              object: record,
+              attribute_name: attribute_name,
+              value: value,
+              ignore_interference_by_writer: ignore_interference_by_writer,
+            )
         end
 
         def existing_value_read
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ def model
           @given_record.class
         end
 
-        def failure_message_preface
+        def failure_message_preface # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
           prefix = ''
 
           if @existing_record_created
@@ -944,30 +944,28 @@ def failure_message_preface
             if attribute_setter_for_existing_record
               prefix << ', setting '
               prefix << description_for_attribute_setter(
-                attribute_setter_for_existing_record
+                attribute_setter_for_existing_record,
               )
             else
               prefix << ", whose :#{attribute} is "
               prefix << "‹#{existing_value_read.inspect}›"
             end
 
-            prefix << ", and saving it as the existing record, then"
+            prefix << ', and saving it as the existing record, then'
+          elsif attribute_setter_for_existing_record
+            prefix << "Given an existing #{model.name},"
+            prefix << ' after setting '
+            prefix << description_for_attribute_setter(
+              attribute_setter_for_existing_record,
+            )
+            prefix << ', then'
           else
-            if attribute_setter_for_existing_record
-              prefix << "Given an existing #{model.name},"
-              prefix << ' after setting '
-              prefix << description_for_attribute_setter(
-                attribute_setter_for_existing_record
-              )
-              prefix << ', then'
-            else
-              prefix << "Given an existing #{model.name} whose :#{attribute}"
-              prefix << ' is '
-              prefix << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_value(
-                existing_value_read
-              )
-              prefix << ', after'
-            end
+            prefix << "Given an existing #{model.name} whose :#{attribute}"
+            prefix << ' is '
+            prefix << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_value(
+              existing_value_read,
+            )
+            prefix << ', after'
           end
 
           prefix << " making a new #{model.name} and setting "
@@ -994,7 +992,10 @@ def attribute_changed_value_message
           MESSAGE
         end
 
-        def description_for_attribute_setter(attribute_setter, same_as_existing: nil)
+        def description_for_attribute_setter(
+          attribute_setter,
+          same_as_existing: nil
+        )
           description = "its :#{attribute_setter.attribute_name} to "
 
           if same_as_existing == false
@@ -1002,13 +1003,13 @@ def description_for_attribute_setter(attribute_setter, same_as_existing: nil)
           end
 
           description << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_value(
-            attribute_setter.value_written
+            attribute_setter.value_written,
           )
 
           if attribute_setter.attribute_changed_value?
             description << ' (read back as '
             description << Shoulda::Matchers::Util.inspect_value(
-              attribute_setter.value_read
+              attribute_setter.value_read,
             )
             description << ')'
           end
@@ -1032,7 +1033,7 @@ def attribute_setter_descriptions_for_new_record
             )
             description_for_attribute_setter(
               attribute_setter,
-              same_as_existing: same_as_existing
+              same_as_existing: same_as_existing,
             )
           end
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak.rb
index e09b0082a..d90ade50e 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 require 'forwardable'
+require 'logger'
 
 module Shoulda
   module Matchers
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ def debugging_enabled?
 
         def debug(&block)
           if debugging_enabled?
-            puts block.call
+            puts block.call # rubocop:disable Rails/Output
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double.rb
index 13fbbbf8a..f8f3b6667 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double.rb
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def replace_method_with_double
               method_name: _method_name,
               args: args,
               block: block,
-              caller: caller
+              caller: caller,
             )
             implementation.call(call)
           end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_collection.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_collection.rb
index 43d4f003c..fb520f4ce 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_collection.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_collection.rb
@@ -18,19 +18,19 @@ def register_proxy(method_name)
         end
 
         def activate
-          doubles_by_method_name.each do |method_name, double|
+          doubles_by_method_name.each do |_method_name, double|
             double.activate
           end
         end
 
         def deactivate
-          doubles_by_method_name.each do |method_name, double|
+          doubles_by_method_name.each do |_method_name, double|
             double.deactivate
           end
         end
 
         def calls_by_method_name
-          doubles_by_method_name.reduce({}) do |hash, (method_name, double)|
+          doubles_by_method_name.inject({}) do |hash, (method_name, double)|
             hash.merge method_name => double.calls.map(&:args)
           end
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_implementation_registry.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_implementation_registry.rb
index 71e43e1de..90b3cdc73 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_implementation_registry.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_implementation_registry.rb
@@ -4,23 +4,26 @@ module Doublespeak
       # @private
       module DoubleImplementationRegistry
         class << self
-          REGISTRY = {}
-
           def find(type)
             find_class!(type).create
           end
 
           def register(klass, type)
-            REGISTRY[type] = klass
+            registry[type] = klass
           end
 
           private
 
           def find_class!(type)
-            REGISTRY.fetch(type) do
-              raise ArgumentError, "No double implementation class found for '#{type}'"
+            registry.fetch(type) do
+              raise ArgumentError, 'No double implementation class found for'\
+                " '#{type}'"
             end
           end
+
+          def registry
+            @_registry ||= {}
+          end
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/object_double.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/object_double.rb
index 17b27af43..03a5fbb8b 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/object_double.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/object_double.rb
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def method_missing(method_name, *args, &block)
             method_name: method_name,
             args: args,
             block: block,
-            caller: ::Kernel.caller
+            caller: ::Kernel.caller,
           )
           calls << call
           (calls_by_method_name[method_name] ||= []) << call
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/stub_implementation.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/stub_implementation.rb
index acb125d13..e39f48c21 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/stub_implementation.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/stub_implementation.rb
@@ -14,11 +14,7 @@ def initialize
         end
 
         def returns(value = nil, &block)
-          if block
-            @implementation = block
-          else
-            @implementation = proc { value }
-          end
+          @implementation = block || proc { value }
         end
 
         def call(call)
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/world.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/world.rb
index 3c046a3ca..686d0e242 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/world.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/world.rb
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ def doubles_activated?
         private
 
         def activate
-          double_collections_by_class.each do |klass, double_collection|
+          double_collections_by_class.each do |_klass, double_collection|
             double_collection.activate
           end
         end
 
         def deactivate
-          double_collections_by_class.each do |klass, double_collection|
+          double_collections_by_class.each do |_klass, double_collection|
             double_collection.deactivate
           end
         end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/error.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/error.rb
index e2b9f6b57..08d3bd6f8 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/error.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/error.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def initialize(*args)
       end
 
       def message
-        ""
+        ''
       end
 
       def inspect
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/independent/delegate_method_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/independent/delegate_method_matcher.rb
index 31fd52319..5948188ec 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/independent/delegate_method_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/independent/delegate_method_matcher.rb
@@ -219,9 +219,9 @@ def description
           end
 
           if expects_to_allow_nil_delegate_object?
-            string << ", allowing "
+            string << ', allowing '
             string << formatted_delegate_object_reader_method_name
-            string << " to return nil"
+            string << ' to return nil'
           end
 
           string
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ def with_arguments(*arguments)
         def with_prefix(prefix = nil)
           @delegating_method =
             :"#{build_delegating_method_prefix(prefix)}_#{delegate_method}"
-            delegate_method
+          delegate_method
           self
         end
 
@@ -256,8 +256,8 @@ def allow_nil
 
         def build_delegating_method_prefix(prefix)
           case prefix
-            when true, nil then delegate_object_reader_method
-            else prefix
+          when true, nil then delegate_object_reader_method
+          else prefix
           end
         end
 
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ def possible_class_under_test(options)
           if options[:include_module]
             class_under_test.to_s
           else
-            ""
+            ''
           end
         end
 
@@ -398,11 +398,12 @@ def subject_handles_nil_delegate_object?
                 true
               rescue Module::DelegationError
                 false
-              rescue NoMethodError => error
-                if error.message =~ /undefined method `#{delegate_method}' for nil:NilClass/
+              rescue NoMethodError => e
+                if e.message =~
+                   /undefined method `#{delegate_method}' for nil:NilClass/
                   false
                 else
-                  raise error
+                  raise e
                 end
               end
             else
@@ -439,17 +440,17 @@ def calls_on_delegate_object
         end
 
         def formatted_calls_on_delegate_object
-          string = ""
+          string = ''
 
           if calls_on_delegate_object.any?
             string << "\n\n"
             calls_on_delegate_object.each_with_index do |call, i|
               name = call.method_name
-              args = call.args.map { |arg| arg.inspect }.join(', ')
-              string << "#{i+1}) #{name}(#{args})\n"
+              args = call.args.map(&:inspect).join(', ')
+              string << "#{i + 1}) #{name}(#{args})\n"
             end
           else
-            string << " (none)"
+            string << ' (none)'
           end
 
           string.rstrip!
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/configuration.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/configuration.rb
index 78f7953e8..eea3583dc 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/configuration.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/configuration.rb
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def clear_default_test_framework
         end
 
         def no_test_frameworks_added?
-          @test_frameworks.empty? || !@test_frameworks.any?(&:present?)
+          @test_frameworks.empty? || @test_frameworks.none?(&:present?)
         end
 
         def no_libraries_added?
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/libraries/action_controller.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/libraries/action_controller.rb
index 5d3a1fe4e..013832e0e 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/libraries/action_controller.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/libraries/action_controller.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ def integrate_with(test_framework)
             test_framework.include(matchers_module, type: :controller)
 
             include_into(::ActionController::TestCase, matchers_module) do
-              def subject
+              def subject # rubocop:disable Lint/NestedMethodDefinition
                 @controller
               end
             end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/libraries/rails.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/libraries/rails.rb
index 6deade234..380c59d19 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/libraries/rails.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/libraries/rails.rb
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ class Rails
             :active_model,
             :active_record,
             :action_controller,
-            :routing
-          ]
+            :routing,
+          ].freeze
 
           def integrate_with(test_framework)
             Shoulda::Matchers.assertion_exception_class =
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/active_support_test_case.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/active_support_test_case.rb
index 90dce71e7..532e3d22c 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/active_support_test_case.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/active_support_test_case.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class ActiveSupportTestCase
           def validate!
           end
 
-          def include(*modules, **options)
+          def include(*modules, **_options)
             test_case_class.include(*modules)
           end
 
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/minitest_4.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/minitest_4.rb
index 1351b8afe..1d5b30b2c 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/minitest_4.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/minitest_4.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class Minitest4
           def validate!
           end
 
-          def include(*modules, **options)
+          def include(*modules, **_options)
             test_case_class.class_eval do
               include(*modules)
               extend(*modules)
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/minitest_5.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/minitest_5.rb
index 14553fd9e..92674ca47 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/minitest_5.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/minitest_5.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class Minitest5
           def validate!
           end
 
-          def include(*modules, **options)
+          def include(*modules, **_options)
             test_case_class.class_eval do
               include(*modules)
               extend(*modules)
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/missing_test_framework.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/missing_test_framework.rb
index 0a5f8c55d..13d51db2a 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/missing_test_framework.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/missing_test_framework.rb
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ def validate!
     with.test_framework :test_unit
   end
 end
-EOT
+            EOT
           end
 
           def include(*modules, **options)
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/test_unit.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/test_unit.rb
index 951c1df55..1f2e52f95 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/test_unit.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/integrations/test_frameworks/test_unit.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class TestUnit
           def validate!
           end
 
-          def include(*modules, **options)
+          def include(*modules, **_options)
             test_case_class.class_eval do
               include(*modules)
               extend(*modules)
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/rails_shim.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/rails_shim.rb
index ae36345c4..b426b575a 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/rails_shim.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/rails_shim.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 module Shoulda
   module Matchers
     # @private
-    module RailsShim
+    module RailsShim # rubocop:disable Metrics/ModuleLength
       class << self
         def action_pack_gte_5?
           Gem::Requirement.new('>= 5').satisfied_by?(action_pack_version)
@@ -180,10 +180,12 @@ def simply_generate_validation_message(
           options
         )
           default_translation_keys = [
-            :"activemodel.errors.models.#{model_name}.attributes.#{attribute}.#{type}",
+            :"activemodel.errors.models.#{model_name}.attributes.#{attribute}
+              .#{type}",
             :"activemodel.errors.models.#{model_name}.#{type}",
             :"activemodel.errors.messages.#{type}",
-            :"activerecord.errors.models.#{model_name}.attributes.#{attribute}.#{type}",
+            :"activerecord.errors.models.#{model_name}.attributes.#{attribute}
+              .#{type}",
             :"activerecord.errors.models.#{model_name}.#{type}",
             :"activerecord.errors.messages.#{type}",
             :"errors.attributes.#{attribute}.#{type}",
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/util.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/util.rb
index 3f84fbbdf..46d512637 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/util.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/util.rb
@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ module Util
       MAXIMUM_LENGTH_OF_VALUE_TO_DISPLAY = 500
 
       def self.deconstantize(path)
-        if defined?(ActiveSupport::Inflector) &&
+        if (
+          defined?(ActiveSupport::Inflector) &&
           ActiveSupport::Inflector.respond_to?(:deconstantize)
+        )
           ActiveSupport::Inflector.deconstantize(path)
         else
           path.to_s[0...(path.to_s.rindex('::') || 0)]
@@ -16,8 +18,10 @@ def self.deconstantize(path)
       end
 
       def self.safe_constantize(camel_cased_word)
-        if defined?(ActiveSupport::Inflector) &&
+        if (
+          defined?(ActiveSupport::Inflector) &&
           ActiveSupport::Inflector.respond_to?(:safe_constantize)
+        )
           ActiveSupport::Inflector.safe_constantize(camel_cased_word)
         else
           begin
@@ -30,6 +34,7 @@ def self.safe_constantize(camel_cased_word)
 
       def self.indent(string, width)
         return if !string
+
         indentation = ' ' * width
         string.split(/[\n\r]/).map { |line| indentation + line }.join("\n")
       end
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap.rb
index 5962e0167..79badecb2 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap.rb
@@ -41,10 +41,10 @@ def wrapped_paragraphs
 
     # @private
     class Text < ::String
-      LIST_ITEM_REGEXP = /\A((?:[a-z0-9]+(?:\)|\.)|\*) )/
+      LIST_ITEM_REGEXP = /\A((?:[a-z0-9]+(?:\)|\.)|\*) )/.freeze
 
       def indented?
-        self =~ /\A[ ]+/
+        self =~ /\A +/
       end
 
       def list_item?
@@ -88,11 +88,11 @@ def lines
       end
 
       def combine_list_item_lines(lines)
-        lines.reduce([]) do |combined_lines, line|
+        lines.inject([]) do |combined_lines, line|
           if line.list_item?
             combined_lines << line
           else
-            combined_lines.last << (' ' + line).squeeze(' ')
+            combined_lines.last << (" #{line}").squeeze(' ')
           end
 
           combined_lines
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def combine_paragraph_into_one_line
 
     # @private
     class Line
-      OFFSETS = { left: -1, right: +1 }
+      OFFSETS = { left: -1, right: +1 }.freeze
 
       def initialize(line, indent: 0)
         @indent = indent
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def read_indentation
         end
       end
 
-      def wrap_line(line, direction: :left)
+      def wrap_line(line)
         index = nil
 
         if line.length > Shoulda::Matchers::WordWrap::TERMINAL_WIDTH
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ def wrap_line(line, direction: :left)
           leftover = ''
         else
           fitted_line = line[0..index].rstrip
-          leftover = line[index + 1 .. -1]
+          leftover = line[index + 1..-1]
         end
 
         { fitted_line: fitted_line, leftover: leftover }
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/warn.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/warn.rb
index b0f45af39..174df9570 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/warn.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/warn.rb
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ module Matchers
 
     # @private
     def self.warn(message)
-      header = "Warning from shoulda-matchers:"
-      divider = "*" * TERMINAL_MAX_WIDTH
+      header = 'Warning from shoulda-matchers:'
+      divider = '*' * TERMINAL_MAX_WIDTH
       wrapped_message = word_wrap(message)
       full_message = [
         divider,
         [header, wrapped_message.strip].join("\n\n"),
-        divider
+        divider,
       ].join("\n")
 
       Kernel.warn(full_message)
diff --git a/script/supported_ruby_versions b/script/supported_ruby_versions
index 003e2b1c7..1b0fc6ce5 100755
--- a/script/supported_ruby_versions
+++ b/script/supported_ruby_versions
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 require 'yaml'
 
-travis_config_path = File.expand_path('../../.travis.yml', __FILE__)
+travis_config_path = File.expand_path('../.travis.yml', __dir__)
 travis_config = YAML.load_file(travis_config_path)
 puts travis_config.fetch('rvm').join(' ')
diff --git a/shoulda-matchers.gemspec b/shoulda-matchers.gemspec
index f61d76412..a02bb3877 100644
--- a/shoulda-matchers.gemspec
+++ b/shoulda-matchers.gemspec
@@ -18,8 +18,13 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.homepage    = 'https://matchers.shoulda.io/'
   s.summary     = 'Simple one-liner tests for common Rails functionality'
   s.license     = 'MIT'
-  s.description = 'Shoulda Matchers provides RSpec- and Minitest-compatible one-liners to test common Rails functionality that, if written by hand, would be much longer, more complex, and error-prone.'
-  s.metadata    = {
+  s.description = <<~DESC.tr("\n", ' ').squeeze(' ')
+    Shoulda Matchers provides RSpec- and Minitest-compatible one-liners to test
+    common Rails functionality that, if written by hand, would be much
+    longer, more complex, and error-prone.
+  DESC
+
+  s.metadata = {
     'bug_tracker_uri' => 'https://github.com/thoughtbot/shoulda-matchers/issues',
     'changelog_uri' => 'https://github.com/thoughtbot/shoulda-matchers/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md',
     'documentation_uri' => 'https://matchers.shoulda.io/docs',
@@ -27,7 +32,8 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
     'source_code_uri' => 'https://github.com/thoughtbot/shoulda-matchers',
   }
 
-  s.files = Dir['{docs,lib}/**/*', 'README.md', 'LICENSE', 'shoulda-matchers.gemspec']
+  s.files = Dir['{docs,lib}/**/*', 'README.md', 'LICENSE',
+    'shoulda-matchers.gemspec']
   s.require_paths = ['lib']
 
   s.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.4.0'
diff --git a/spec/acceptance_spec_helper.rb b/spec/acceptance_spec_helper.rb
index f1022c79c..b3b38f211 100644
--- a/spec/acceptance_spec_helper.rb
+++ b/spec/acceptance_spec_helper.rb
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-Dir[ File.join(File.expand_path('../support/acceptance/**/*.rb', __FILE__)) ].sort.each do |file|
+Dir[File.join(File.expand_path('support/acceptance/**/*.rb', __dir__))].sort.each do |file|
   require file
 end
 
diff --git a/spec/spec_helper.rb b/spec/spec_helper.rb
index b7f73972b..1b0bd9de8 100644
--- a/spec/spec_helper.rb
+++ b/spec/spec_helper.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-PROJECT_ROOT = File.expand_path('../..', __FILE__)
+PROJECT_ROOT = File.expand_path('..', __dir__)
 $LOAD_PATH << File.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'lib')
 
 require 'pry'
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/adds_shoulda_matchers_to_project.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/adds_shoulda_matchers_to_project.rb
index c684e1962..cfab02501 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/adds_shoulda_matchers_to_project.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/adds_shoulda_matchers_to_project.rb
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def configure_test_helper_files
         add_configuration_block_to(
           test_helper_file,
           test_framework,
-          library
+          library,
         )
       end
     end
@@ -94,16 +94,17 @@ def test_helper_files_for(test_framework, libraries)
       files = []
 
       if integrates_with_nunit_and_rails?(test_framework, libraries) ||
-        integrates_with_nunit_only?(test_framework)
+         integrates_with_nunit_only?(test_framework)
         files << 'test/test_helper.rb'
       end
 
       if integrates_with_rspec?(test_framework)
-        if bundle.includes?('rspec-rails')
-          files << 'spec/rails_helper.rb'
-        else
-          files << 'spec/spec_helper.rb'
-        end
+        files <<
+          if bundle.includes?('rspec-rails')
+            'spec/rails_helper.rb'
+          else
+            'spec/spec_helper.rb'
+          end
       end
 
       files
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ def integrates_with_rspec?(test_framework)
       test_framework == :rspec
     end
 
-    def integrates_with_rspec_rails_3_x?(test_framework, libraries)
+    def integrates_with_rspec_rails_3_x?(_test_framework, libraries)
       integrates_with_rails?(libraries) && rspec_rails_version >= 3
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/array_helpers.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/array_helpers.rb
index e9d3b2eb5..3f1444a6e 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/array_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/array_helpers.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 module AcceptanceTests
   module ArrayHelpers
     def to_sentence(array)
-      if array.size == 1
+      case array.size
+      when 1
         array[0]
-      elsif array.size == 2
+      when 2
         array.join(' and ')
       else
         to_sentence(array[1..-2].join(', '), [array[-1]])
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/n_unit_helpers.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/n_unit_helpers.rb
index 92d86f7bd..5d1128df6 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/n_unit_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/n_unit_helpers.rb
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ module NUnitHelpers
 
     def n_unit_test_case_superclass
       case default_test_framework
-        when :test_unit then 'Test::Unit::TestCase'
-        when :minitest_4 then 'MiniTest::Unit::TestCase'
-        else 'Minitest::Test'
+      when :test_unit then 'Test::Unit::TestCase'
+      when :minitest_4 then 'MiniTest::Unit::TestCase'
+      else 'Minitest::Test'
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/pluralization_helpers.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/pluralization_helpers.rb
index 9aacd7ae8..a8af3f1ca 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/pluralization_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/pluralization_helpers.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 module AcceptanceTests
   module PluralizationHelpers
     def pluralize(count, singular_version, plural_version = nil)
-      plural_version ||= singular_version + 's'
+      plural_version ||= "#{singular_version}s"
 
       if count == 1
         "#{count} #{singular_version}"
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/step_helpers.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/step_helpers.rb
index 35898eb4e..49111244b 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/step_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/step_helpers.rb
@@ -58,11 +58,12 @@ def run_n_unit_test_suite
 
     def create_rails_application
       fs.clean
-      if rails_version =~ '~> 6.0'
-        command = "bundle exec rails new #{fs.project_directory} --skip-bundle --skip-javascript --no-rc"
-      else
-        command = "bundle exec rails new #{fs.project_directory} --skip-bundle --no-rc"
-      end
+      command =
+        if rails_version =~ '~> 6.0'
+          "bundle exec rails new #{fs.project_directory} --skip-bundle --skip-javascript --no-rc"
+        else
+          "bundle exec rails new #{fs.project_directory} --skip-bundle --no-rc"
+        end
 
       run_command!(command) do |runner|
         runner.directory = nil
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/have_output.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/have_output.rb
index 4f8e60e00..8bf5bb542 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/have_output.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/have_output.rb
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ def matches?(runner)
       end
 
       def failure_message
-        "Expected command to have output, but did not.\n\n" +
-          "Command: #{runner.formatted_command}\n\n" +
+        "Expected command to have output, but did not.\n\n"\
+          "Command: #{runner.formatted_command}\n\n"\
           "Expected output:\n" +
-          output.inspect + "\n\n" +
+          output.inspect + "\n\n"\
           "Actual output:\n" +
           runner.output
       end
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/indicate_number_of_tests_was_run_matcher.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/indicate_number_of_tests_was_run_matcher.rb
index 7ca88c8ff..f6ffe98cf 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/indicate_number_of_tests_was_run_matcher.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/indicate_number_of_tests_was_run_matcher.rb
@@ -22,13 +22,14 @@ def matches?(runner)
 
       def failure_message
         message = "Expected output to indicate that #{some_tests_were_run}.\n" +
-          "Expected output: #{expected_output}\n"
+                  "Expected output: #{expected_output}\n"
 
-        if actual_output.empty?
-          message << 'Actual output: (empty)'
-        else
-          message << "Actual output:\n#{actual_output}"
-        end
+        message <<
+          if actual_output.empty?
+            'Actual output: (empty)'
+          else
+            "Actual output:\n#{actual_output}"
+          end
 
         message
       end
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ def actual_output
       end
 
       def some_tests_were_run
-        pluralize(number, 'test was', 'tests were') + ' run'
+        "#{pluralize(number, 'test was', 'tests were')} run"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/indicate_that_tests_were_run_matcher.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/indicate_that_tests_were_run_matcher.rb
index f84884312..307896157 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/indicate_that_tests_were_run_matcher.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/matchers/indicate_that_tests_were_run_matcher.rb
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def expected_outputs
         [
           expected_output_for_rails_3,
           expected_output_for_turn,
-          expected_output_for_rails_4
+          expected_output_for_rails_4,
         ]
       end
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def expected_output_for_rails_3
       def expected_output_for_turn
         full_report = series.map do |number|
           "pass: #{number},  fail: 0,  error: 0"
-      end.join('.+')
+        end.join('.+')
 
         Regexp.new(full_report, Regexp::MULTILINE)
       end
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ def formatted_expected_output
         if matching_expected_output
           "Expected output:\n#{matching_actual_output}"
         else
-          "Expected output: (n/a)"
+          'Expected output: (n/a)'
         end
       end
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def actual_output
 
       def formatted_actual_output
         if actual_output.empty?
-          "Actual output: (empty)"
+          'Actual output: (empty)'
         else
           "Actual output:\n#{actual_output}"
         end
diff --git a/spec/support/tests/bundle.rb b/spec/support/tests/bundle.rb
index 5042c9100..7bde94c56 100644
--- a/spec/support/tests/bundle.rb
+++ b/spec/support/tests/bundle.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ def initialize
       @fs = Filesystem.new
     end
 
-    def updating(&block)
+    def updating
       if already_updating?
         yield self
         return
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def add_gem(gem, *args)
 
     def remove_gem(gem)
       updating do
-        fs.comment_lines_matching('Gemfile', /^[ ]*gem ("|')#{gem}\1/)
+        fs.comment_lines_matching('Gemfile', /^ *gem ("|')#{gem}\1/)
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/tests/command_runner.rb b/spec/support/tests/command_runner.rb
index fbb27bcba..000f8cbdb 100644
--- a/spec/support/tests/command_runner.rb
+++ b/spec/support/tests/command_runner.rb
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ def initialize(*args)
       @args = args
       @options = options.merge(
         err: [:child, :out],
-        out: writer
+        out: writer,
       )
       @env = extract_env_from(@options)
 
-      @wrapper = ->(block) { block.call }
+      @wrapper = -> (block) { block.call }
       @command_prefix = ''
       self.directory = Dir.pwd
       @run_quickly = false
@@ -57,9 +57,7 @@ def directory=(directory)
     end
 
     def formatted_command
-      [formatted_env, Shellwords.join(command)].
-        select { |value| !value.empty? }.
-        join(' ')
+      [formatted_env, Shellwords.join(command)].reject(&:empty?).join(' ')
     end
 
     def call
@@ -179,7 +177,7 @@ def run_with_debugging
 
       run_with_wrapper
 
-      debug { "\n" + divider('START') + output + divider('END') }
+      debug { "\n#{divider('START')}#{output}#{divider('END')}" }
     end
 
     def possibly_running_quickly(&block)
@@ -190,7 +188,7 @@ def possibly_running_quickly(&block)
           stop
 
           message =
-            "Command timed out after #{timeout} seconds: #{formatted_command}\n" +
+            "Command timed out after #{timeout} seconds: #{formatted_command}\n"\
             "Output:\n" +
             output
 
@@ -202,18 +200,16 @@ def possibly_running_quickly(&block)
     end
 
     def possibly_retrying
-      begin
-        @num_times_run += 1
-        yield
-      rescue => error
-        debug { "#{error.class}: #{error.message}" }
-
-        if @num_times_run < @retries
-          sleep @num_times_run
-          retry
-        else
-          raise error
-        end
+      @num_times_run += 1
+      yield
+    rescue StandardError => e
+      debug { "#{e.class}: #{e.message}" }
+
+      if @num_times_run < @retries
+        sleep @num_times_run
+        retry
+      else
+        raise e
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/tests/current_bundle.rb b/spec/support/tests/current_bundle.rb
index 80a08cd95..427ef6072 100644
--- a/spec/support/tests/current_bundle.rb
+++ b/spec/support/tests/current_bundle.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def current_or_latest_appraisal
     end
 
     def latest_appraisal
-      available_appraisals.sort.last
+      available_appraisals.max
     end
 
     def available_appraisals
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def available_appraisals
 
     def current_appraisal
       if appraisal_in_use?
-        File.basename(path, ".gemfile")
+        File.basename(path, '.gemfile')
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/tests/database.rb b/spec/support/tests/database.rb
index 34061c3f9..bd8bb71ee 100644
--- a/spec/support/tests/database.rb
+++ b/spec/support/tests/database.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 module Tests
   class Database
-    NAME = 'shoulda-matchers-test'
+    NAME = 'shoulda-matchers-test'.freeze
     ADAPTER_NAME = ENV.fetch('DATABASE_ADAPTER', 'sqlite3').to_sym
 
     include Singleton
diff --git a/spec/support/tests/database_configuration.rb b/spec/support/tests/database_configuration.rb
index fed227530..df7aa13a2 100644
--- a/spec/support/tests/database_configuration.rb
+++ b/spec/support/tests/database_configuration.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 module Tests
   class DatabaseConfiguration < SimpleDelegator
-    ENVIRONMENTS = %w(development test production)
+    ENVIRONMENTS = %w(development test production).freeze
 
     attr_reader :adapter_class
 
diff --git a/spec/support/tests/filesystem.rb b/spec/support/tests/filesystem.rb
index b269a5a18..c1bc215be 100644
--- a/spec/support/tests/filesystem.rb
+++ b/spec/support/tests/filesystem.rb
@@ -63,14 +63,14 @@ def create_parents_of(path)
       wrap(path).dirname.mkpath
     end
 
-    def append_to_file(path, content, options = {})
+    def append_to_file(path, content, _options = {})
       create_parents_of(path)
-      open(path, 'a') { |f| f.puts(content + "\n") }
+      open(path, 'a') { |f| f.puts("#{content}\n") } # rubocop: disable Security/Open
     end
 
     def remove_from_file(path, pattern)
       unless pattern.is_a?(Regexp)
-        pattern = Regexp.new('^' + Regexp.escape(pattern) + '$')
+        pattern = Regexp.new("^#{Regexp.escape(pattern)}$")
       end
 
       transform(path) do |lines|
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def transform(path)
       content = read(path)
       lines = content.split(/\n/)
       transformed_lines = yield lines
-      write(path, transformed_lines.join("\n") + "\n")
+      write(path, "#{transformed_lines.join("\n")}\n")
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/support/tests/version.rb b/spec/support/tests/version.rb
index 4a2a66e4e..fe4baf01d 100644
--- a/spec/support/tests/version.rb
+++ b/spec/support/tests/version.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 module Tests
   class Version
     def initialize(version)
-      @version = Gem::Version.new(version.to_s + '')
+      @version = Gem::Version.new(version.to_s)
     end
 
     def <(other_version)
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ def to_s
 
     private
 
-    def compare?(op, other_version)
-      Gem::Requirement.new("#{op} #{other_version}").satisfied_by?(version)
+    def compare?(operator, other_version)
+      Gem::Requirement.new("#{operator} #{other_version}").satisfied_by?(version)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/active_record/create_table.rb b/spec/support/unit/active_record/create_table.rb
index 9fea462cf..a80ac444e 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/active_record/create_table.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/active_record/create_table.rb
@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@ def call
           UnitTests::ModelBuilder.create_table(
             table_name,
             connection: connection,
-            id: false
+            id: false,
           ) do |table|
             add_columns_to_table(table)
           end
         else
           UnitTests::ModelBuilder.create_table(
             table_name,
-            connection: connection
+            connection: connection,
           ) do |table|
             add_columns_to_table(table)
           end
@@ -102,16 +102,16 @@ def add_column_to_table(table, column_name, column_specification)
         if column_options[:array]
           if !active_record_supports_array_columns?
             raise ArgumentError.new(
-              'An array column is being added to a table, but this version ' +
-              "of ActiveRecord (#{active_record_version}) " +
+              'An array column is being added to a table, but this version '\
+              "of ActiveRecord (#{active_record_version}) "\
               'does not support array columns.',
             )
           end
 
           if !database_supports_array_columns?
             raise ArgumentError.new(
-              'An array column is being added to a table, but this ' +
-              "database adapter (#{database_adapter}) " +
+              'An array column is being added to a table, but this '\
+              "database adapter (#{database_adapter}) "\
               'does not support array columns.',
             )
           end
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ def add_column_to_table(table, column_name, column_specification)
 
         if column_specification.any?
           raise ArgumentError.new(
-            "Invalid column specification.\nYou need to put " +
-            "#{column_specification.keys.map(&:inspect).to_sentence} " +
+            "Invalid column specification.\nYou need to put "\
+            "#{column_specification.keys.map(&:inspect).to_sentence} "\
             'inside an :options key!',
           )
         end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/attribute.rb b/spec/support/unit/attribute.rb
index 21f6cb116..f3e8ad49f 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/attribute.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/attribute.rb
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ class Attribute
     DEFAULT_COLUMN_TYPE = :string
     DEFAULT_COLUMN_OPTIONS = {
       null: false,
-      array: false
-    }
+      array: false,
+    }.freeze
 
     def initialize(args)
       @args = args
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def column_type
     def column_options
       {
         type: column_type,
-        options: DEFAULT_COLUMN_OPTIONS.merge(args.fetch(:column_options, {}))
+        options: DEFAULT_COLUMN_OPTIONS.merge(args.fetch(:column_options, {})),
       }
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/capture.rb b/spec/support/unit/capture.rb
index a5879954f..ecdbde106 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/capture.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/capture.rb
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ module Kernel
   def capture(stream)
     stream = stream.to_s
     captured_stream = Tempfile.new(stream)
-    stream_io = eval("$#{stream}")
+    stream_io = eval("$#{stream}", binding, __FILE__, __LINE__) # rubocop:disable Security/Eval
     origin_stream = stream_io.dup
     stream_io.reopen(captured_stream)
 
     yield
 
     stream_io.rewind
-    return captured_stream.read
+    captured_stream.read
   ensure
     captured_stream.unlink
     stream_io.reopen(origin_stream)
@@ -41,6 +41,6 @@ def silence_stream(stream)
   end
 
   def silence_stderr
-    silence_stream(STDERR) { yield }
+    silence_stream($stderr) { yield if block_given? }
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/change_value.rb b/spec/support/unit/change_value.rb
index 404fc6869..dca61ab2c 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/change_value.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/change_value.rb
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def always_nil
     end
 
     def add_character
-      value + 'a'
+      "#{value}a"
     end
 
     def remove_character
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/create_model_arguments/basic.rb b/spec/support/unit/create_model_arguments/basic.rb
index 7c0c4c789..4e9714ddb 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/create_model_arguments/basic.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/create_model_arguments/basic.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 module UnitTests
   module CreateModelArguments
     class Basic
-      DEFAULT_MODEL_NAME = 'Example'
+      DEFAULT_MODEL_NAME = 'Example'.freeze
       DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTE_NAME = :attr
       DEFAULT_COLUMN_TYPE = :string
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def self.wrap(args)
         :column_type,
         :column_options,
         :default_value,
-        :value_type
+        :value_type,
       )
 
       def initialize(args)
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def all_attribute_overrides
         @_all_attribute_overrides ||= begin
           attribute_overrides = args.slice(
             :changing_values_with,
-            :default_value
+            :default_value,
           )
 
           overrides =
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ def map_matcher_name_to_validation_name
 
       def attribute_args
         args.slice(:column_type).deep_merge(
-          attribute_overrides.deep_merge(name: attribute_name)
+          attribute_overrides.deep_merge(name: attribute_name),
         )
       end
     end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/create_model_arguments/uniqueness_matcher.rb b/spec/support/unit/create_model_arguments/uniqueness_matcher.rb
index e26913465..c3fe9b5c7 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/create_model_arguments/uniqueness_matcher.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/create_model_arguments/uniqueness_matcher.rb
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ def self.normalize_attributes(attributes)
       end
 
       def columns
-        attributes.reduce({}) do |options, attribute|
+        attributes.inject({}) do |options, attribute|
           options.merge(
             attribute.name => {
               type: attribute.column_type,
-              options: attribute.column_options
-            }
+              options: attribute.column_options,
+            },
           )
         end
       end
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def validation_options
       end
 
       def attribute_default_values_by_name
-        attributes.reduce({}) do |values, attribute|
+        attributes.inject({}) do |values, attribute|
           values.merge(attribute.name => attribute.default_value)
         end
       end
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ def scope_attribute_names
 
       def scope_attributes
         @_scope_attributes ||= self.class.normalize_attributes(
-          args.fetch(:scopes, [])
+          args.fetch(:scopes, []),
         )
       end
 
       def additional_attributes
         @_additional_attributes ||= self.class.normalize_attributes(
-          args.fetch(:additional_attributes, [])
+          args.fetch(:additional_attributes, []),
         )
       end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/helpers/class_builder.rb b/spec/support/unit/helpers/class_builder.rb
index 3d1477b50..c7e294b86 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/helpers/class_builder.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/helpers/class_builder.rb
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def define_module(module_name, &block)
 
         remove_defined_module(module_name)
 
-        eval <<-RUBY
+        eval <<-RUBY, binding, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1 # rubocop:disable Security/Eval
           module #{namespace}::#{name_without_namespace}
           end
         RUBY
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def define_class(class_name, parent_class = Object, &block)
 
         remove_defined_module(class_name)
 
-        eval <<-RUBY
+        eval <<-RUBY, binding, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1 # rubocop:disable Security/Eval
           class #{namespace}::#{name_without_namespace} < ::#{parent_class}
           end
         RUBY
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/helpers/confirmation_matcher_helpers.rb b/spec/support/unit/helpers/confirmation_matcher_helpers.rb
index 70933203c..433a09be1 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/helpers/confirmation_matcher_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/helpers/confirmation_matcher_helpers.rb
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ def builder_for_record_validating_confirmation(options = {})
 
     def builder_for_record_validating_confirmation_with_18n_message(options = {})
       builder = builder_for_record_validating_confirmation(options)
-      RecordBuilderWithI18nValidationMessage.new(builder,
-        validation_message_key: :confirmation
+      RecordBuilderWithI18nValidationMessage.new(
+        builder,
+        validation_message_key: :confirmation,
       )
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/helpers/controller_builder.rb b/spec/support/unit/helpers/controller_builder.rb
index e5e651a89..544b38ae0 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/helpers/controller_builder.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/helpers/controller_builder.rb
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def build_fake_response(opts = {}, &block)
         layout false
         define_method(action, &block)
       end
-      controller_class.view_paths = [ $test_app.temp_views_directory.to_s ]
+      controller_class.view_paths = [$test_app.temp_views_directory.to_s]
 
       define_routes do
         get 'examples', to: "examples##{action}"
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/helpers/mailer_builder.rb b/spec/support/unit/helpers/mailer_builder.rb
index 9e284f036..709afe138 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/helpers/mailer_builder.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/helpers/mailer_builder.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ def self.configure_example_group(example_group)
       example_group.include(self)
     end
 
-    def define_mailer(name, paths, &block)
+    def define_mailer(name, _paths, &block)
       class_name = name.to_s.pluralize.classify
       define_class(class_name, ActionMailer::Base, &block)
     end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/helpers/message_helpers.rb b/spec/support/unit/helpers/message_helpers.rb
index 67203387d..ce6a470be 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/helpers/message_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/helpers/message_helpers.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ def format_message(message, one_line: false)
       stripped_message = message.strip_heredoc.strip
 
       if one_line
-        stripped_message.tr("\n", " ").squeeze(" ")
+        stripped_message.tr("\n", ' ').squeeze(' ')
       else
         word_wrap(stripped_message)
       end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/helpers/model_builder.rb b/spec/support/unit/helpers/model_builder.rb
index 39393161f..4a7fae830 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/helpers/model_builder.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/helpers/model_builder.rb
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def create_table(table_name, options = {}, &block)
           connection.create_table(table_name, options, &block)
           created_tables << table_name
           connection
-        rescue Exception => e
+        rescue StandardError => e
           connection.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS #{table_name}")
           raise e
         end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/helpers/validation_matcher_scenario_helpers.rb b/spec/support/unit/helpers/validation_matcher_scenario_helpers.rb
index 8e5579a9f..84e302186 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/helpers/validation_matcher_scenario_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/helpers/validation_matcher_scenario_helpers.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ def self.configure_example_group(example_group)
 
     def build_scenario_for_validation_matcher(args)
       UnitTests::ValidationMatcherScenario.new(
-        build_validation_matcher_scenario_args(args)
+        build_validation_matcher_scenario_args(args),
       )
     end
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def build_validation_matcher_scenario_args(args)
         deep_merge(validation_matcher_scenario_args).
         deep_merge(
           matcher_name: matcher_name,
-          matcher_proc: method(matcher_name)
+          matcher_proc: method(matcher_name),
         )
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/matchers/deprecate.rb b/spec/support/unit/matchers/deprecate.rb
index 37527b637..08ccf88a3 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/matchers/deprecate.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/matchers/deprecate.rb
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def expectation
 
       def actual_warning
         if captured_stderr.empty?
-          "nothing"
+          'nothing'
         else
           "\n  #{captured_stderr}"
         end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/matchers/fail_with_message_including_matcher.rb b/spec/support/unit/matchers/fail_with_message_including_matcher.rb
index 8c1e40068..8079b2624 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/matchers/fail_with_message_including_matcher.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/matchers/fail_with_message_including_matcher.rb
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ def supports_block_expectations?
 
         begin
           block.call
-        rescue RSpec::Expectations::ExpectationNotMetError => ex
-          @actual = ex.message
+        rescue RSpec::Expectations::ExpectationNotMetError => e
+          @actual = e.message
         end
 
-        @actual && @actual.include?(expected)
+        @actual&.include?(expected)
       end
 
       def failure_message
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/matchers/fail_with_message_matcher.rb b/spec/support/unit/matchers/fail_with_message_matcher.rb
index c86783d56..ba7e58dff 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/matchers/fail_with_message_matcher.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/matchers/fail_with_message_matcher.rb
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ def supports_block_expectations?
 
         begin
           block.call
-        rescue RSpec::Expectations::ExpectationNotMetError => ex
-          @actual = ex.message
+        rescue RSpec::Expectations::ExpectationNotMetError => e
+          @actual = e.message
         end
 
         @actual && @actual == expected.sub(/\n\z/, '')
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/matchers/match_against.rb b/spec/support/unit/matchers/match_against.rb
index 76cf1ee46..1d761c089 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/matchers/match_against.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/matchers/match_against.rb
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def matches?(generate_matcher)
 
         if expected_message && should_be_negated?
           raise ArgumentError.new(
-            'Use `or_fail_with`, not `and_fail_with`, when using ' +
+            'Use `or_fail_with`, not `and_fail_with`, when using '\
             '`should match_against(...)`!',
           )
         end
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def does_not_match?(generate_matcher)
 
         if expected_message && !should_be_negated?
           raise ArgumentError.new(
-            'Use `and_fail_with`, not `or_fail_with`, when using ' +
+            'Use `and_fail_with`, not `or_fail_with`, when using '\
             '`should_not match_against(...)`!',
           )
         end
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ def matcher_fails_in_negative?
           end
         else
           @failure_message =
-            'Expected the negative version of the matcher not to match, ' +
+            'Expected the negative version of the matcher not to match, '\
             'but it did.'
           false
         end
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ def matcher_fails_in_positive?
           end
         else
           @failure_message_when_negated =
-            'Expected the positive version of the matcher not to match, ' +
+            'Expected the positive version of the matcher not to match, '\
             'but it did.'
           false
         end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/model_creation_strategies/active_model.rb b/spec/support/unit/model_creation_strategies/active_model.rb
index 45b5f7550..163356a9a 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/model_creation_strategies/active_model.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/model_creation_strategies/active_model.rb
@@ -104,10 +104,10 @@ def initialize(attributes = {})
         end
 
         def inspect
-          middle = '%s:0x%014x%s' % [
+          middle = '%s:0x%014x%s' % [ # rubocop:disable Style/FormatStringToken
             self.class,
             object_id * 2,
-            ' ' + inspected_attributes.join(' '),
+            " #{inspected_attributes.join(' ')}",
           ]
 
           "#<#{middle.strip}>"
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/model_creation_strategies/active_record.rb b/spec/support/unit/model_creation_strategies/active_record.rb
index 54dcc37ef..a98dd8d02 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/model_creation_strategies/active_record.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/model_creation_strategies/active_record.rb
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def create_table_for_model
       def define_class_for_model
         model = UnitTests::ModelBuilder.define_model_class(
           class_name,
-          parent_class: parent_class
+          parent_class: parent_class,
         )
 
         model_customizers.each do |block|
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_model.rb b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_model.rb
index dd0d68012..eae21a059 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_model.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_model.rb
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ def self.call(args)
       def initialize(args)
         @arguments = CreateModelArguments::Basic.wrap(
           args.merge(
-            model_creation_strategy: UnitTests::ModelCreationStrategies::ActiveModel
-          )
+            model_creation_strategy: UnitTests::ModelCreationStrategies::ActiveModel,
+          ),
         )
         @model_creator = Basic.new(arguments)
       end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record.rb b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record.rb
index 23898a196..77708134f 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record.rb
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ def self.call(args)
       def initialize(args)
         @arguments = CreateModelArguments::Basic.wrap(
           args.merge(
-            model_creation_strategy: UnitTests::ModelCreationStrategies::ActiveRecord
-          )
+            model_creation_strategy: UnitTests::ModelCreationStrategies::ActiveRecord,
+          ),
         )
         @model_creator = Basic.new(arguments)
       end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
index 267c0a662..35f935809 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
@@ -43,22 +43,22 @@ def parent_child_table_creator
               columns: {
                 foreign_key_for_child_model => :integer,
                 foreign_key_for_parent_model => :integer,
-                :id => false
-              }
+                :id => false,
+              },
             )
         end
 
         def child_model_creator
           @_child_model_creator ||=
             UnitTests::ModelCreationStrategies::ActiveRecord.new(
-              child_model_name
+              child_model_name,
             )
         end
 
         def parent_model_creator
           @_parent_model_creator ||= begin
             model_creator = UnitTests::ModelCreators::ActiveRecord.new(
-              parent_model_creator_arguments
+              parent_model_creator_arguments,
             )
 
             # TODO: doesn't this need to be a has_many :through?
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/has_many.rb b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/has_many.rb
index 77d293d4e..1b6689ecb 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/has_many.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/has_many.rb
@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ def call
         def child_model_creator
           @_child_model_creator ||=
             UnitTests::ModelCreationStrategies::ActiveRecord.new(
-              child_model_name
+              child_model_name,
             )
         end
 
         def parent_model_creator
           @_parent_model_creator ||= begin
             model_creator = UnitTests::ModelCreators::ActiveRecord.new(
-              parent_model_creator_arguments
+              parent_model_creator_arguments,
             )
 
             model_creator.customize_model do |model|
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/uniqueness_matcher.rb b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/uniqueness_matcher.rb
index cd23ce02f..e762f22d0 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/uniqueness_matcher.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/active_record/uniqueness_matcher.rb
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ def self.call(args)
         def initialize(args)
           @arguments = CreateModelArguments::UniquenessMatcher.wrap(args)
           @model_creator = UnitTests::ModelCreators::ActiveRecord.new(
-            arguments
+            arguments,
           )
         end
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def call
 
     register(
       :"active_record/uniqueness_matcher",
-      ActiveRecord::UniquenessMatcher
+      ActiveRecord::UniquenessMatcher,
     )
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/basic.rb b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/basic.rb
index 1d549c5a7..596eb0681 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/model_creators/basic.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/model_creators/basic.rb
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def build_model_creator
         model_creator = model_creation_strategy.new(
           model_name,
           columns,
-          arguments
+          arguments,
         )
 
         model_creator.customize_model do |model|
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def possibly_override_attribute_writer_method_for(model)
             model.send(:define_method, "#{attribute_name}=") do |value|
               new_value = _change_value.call(
                 value,
-                overrides[:changing_values_with]
+                overrides[:changing_values_with],
               )
 
               if (
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/record_builder_with_i18n_validation_message.rb b/spec/support/unit/record_builder_with_i18n_validation_message.rb
index 1cc1d2ab9..392612809 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/record_builder_with_i18n_validation_message.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/record_builder_with_i18n_validation_message.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def validation_message_key
     private
 
     def model
-      @_model ||= super.tap do |model|
+      @_model ||= super.tap do |_model|
         stub_validation_messages
       end
     end
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def stub_validation_messages
     def stub_default_validation_message
       keys = [
         'activerecord.errors.messages',
-        validation_message_key
+        validation_message_key,
       ]
 
       I18nFaker.stub_translation(keys, default_message)
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ def stub_attribute_specific_validation_message
         'activerecord.errors',
         "models.#{builder.model_name.to_s.underscore}",
         "attributes.#{builder.attribute_that_receives_error}",
-        validation_message_key
+        validation_message_key,
       ]
 
       I18nFaker.stub_translation(
         keys,
-        message_for_attribute_that_receives_error
+        message_for_attribute_that_receives_error,
       )
     end
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def message_for_attribute_that_receives_error
 
     def default_options
       {
-        validation_message_key: :validation_message_key
+        validation_message_key: :validation_message_key,
       }
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/record_validating_confirmation_builder.rb b/spec/support/unit/record_validating_confirmation_builder.rb
index da32262c2..ff9189b0d 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/record_validating_confirmation_builder.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/record_validating_confirmation_builder.rb
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def attribute_to_confirm
     def confirmation_attribute
       options.fetch(
         :confirmation_attribute,
-        :"#{attribute_to_confirm}_confirmation"
+        :"#{attribute_to_confirm}_confirmation",
       )
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/record_with_different_error_attribute_builder.rb b/spec/support/unit/record_with_different_error_attribute_builder.rb
index d6405b72d..c712e18d4 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/record_with_different_error_attribute_builder.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/record_with_different_error_attribute_builder.rb
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def context
         valid_value: valid_value,
         attribute_to_validate: attribute_to_validate,
         attribute_that_receives_error: attribute_that_receives_error,
-        message: message
+        message: message,
       }
     end
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def create_model
 
         define_method(_context[:validation_method_name]) do
           if self[_context[:attribute_to_validate]] != _context[:valid_value]
-            self.errors.add(_context[:attribute_that_receives_error], _context[:message])
+            errors.add(_context[:attribute_that_receives_error], _context[:message])
           end
         end
       end
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def validation_method_name
     def model_columns
       {
         attribute_to_validate => :string,
-        attribute_that_receives_error => :string
+        attribute_that_receives_error => :string,
       }
     end
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def default_options
       {
         attribute_that_receives_error: :attribute_that_receives_error,
         attribute_to_validate: :attribute_to_validate,
-        message: 'some message'
+        message: 'some message',
       }
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/support/unit/shared_examples/ignoring_interference_by_writer.rb b/spec/support/unit/shared_examples/ignoring_interference_by_writer.rb
index 2fc45360d..cf3f96926 100644
--- a/spec/support/unit/shared_examples/ignoring_interference_by_writer.rb
+++ b/spec/support/unit/shared_examples/ignoring_interference_by_writer.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 shared_examples_for 'ignoring_interference_by_writer' do |common_config|
   valid_tests = [
     :accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere,
-    :reject_if_qualified_but_changing_value_interferes
+    :reject_if_qualified_but_changing_value_interferes,
   ]
   tests = common_config.fetch(:tests)
   tests.assert_valid_keys(valid_tests)
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/permit_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/permit_matcher_spec.rb
index d1ad08ea6..14bcc5006 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/permit_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/permit_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
       end
 
       expect(controller).to permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(
-        permit(:name).for(:create)
+        permit(:name).for(:create),
       )
     end
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
       end
 
       expect(controller).to permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(
-        permit(:name, :age).for(:create)
+        permit(:name, :age).for(:create),
       )
     end
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
       end
 
       expect(controller).not_to permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(
-        permit(:name, :admin).for(:create)
+        permit(:name, :admin).for(:create),
       )
     end
 
@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@
       define_controller_with_strong_parameters(action: :create)
 
       expect(controller).not_to permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(
-        permit(:name).for(:create)
+        permit(:name).for(:create),
       )
     end
 
     it 'tracks multiple calls to #permit for different subparameters' do
       sets_of_attributes = [
         [:eta, :diner_id],
-        [:phone_number, :address_1, :address_2, :city, :state, :zip]
+        [:phone_number, :address_1, :address_2, :city, :state, :zip],
       ]
 
       define_controller_with_strong_parameters(action: :create) do |ctrl|
@@ -57,13 +57,13 @@
       expect(controller).to permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(
         permit(*sets_of_attributes[0]).for(:create),
         all_params: [:order, :diner],
-        selected_param: :order
+        selected_param: :order,
       )
 
       expect(controller).to permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(
         permit(*sets_of_attributes[1]).for(:create),
         all_params: [:order, :diner],
-        selected_param: :diner
+        selected_param: :diner,
       )
     end
   end
@@ -88,11 +88,11 @@
 
   context 'when operating on the entire params hash' do
     include_context 'basic tests' do
-      def permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(permit, options = {})
+      def permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(permit, _options = {})
         permit
       end
 
-      def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
+      def params_with_conditional_require(params, *_filters)
         params
       end
     end
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ def permit_with_conditional_slice_of_params(
         all_params: [:user],
         selected_param: :user
       )
-        params = all_params.reduce({}) do |hash, param|
+        params = all_params.inject({}) do |hash, param|
           hash.merge(param => { any: 'value' })
         end
 
@@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
       params = {
         foo: {
           bar: 'some value',
-          baz: 'some value'
-        }
+          baz: 'some value',
+        },
       }
       expect(controller).
         to permit(:bar).
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
     options = {
       controller_name: 'Posts',
       action: :show,
-      routes: -> { get '/posts/:slug', to: 'posts#show' }
+      routes: -> { get '/posts/:slug', to: 'posts#show' },
     }
 
     define_controller_with_strong_parameters(options) do
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
         actual_foo_param = nil
         matcher = permit(:name).for(
           :create,
-          params: { user: { some: 'params' } }
+          params: { user: { some: 'params' } },
         )
 
         define_controller_with_strong_parameters(action: :create) do
@@ -239,14 +239,14 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
         actual_user_params = nil
         matcher = permit(:name).for(
           :update,
-          params: { id: 1, user: expected_user_params }
+          params: { id: 1, user: expected_user_params },
         )
 
         define_controller_with_strong_parameters(action: :update) do
           actual_user_params = params.require(:user)
           begin
             actual_user_params.permit(:name)
-          rescue
+          rescue StandardError
           end
         end
 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
 
       matcher = described_class.new([:name, :age, :height]).for(:create)
       expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-        '(for POST #create) restrict parameters to :name, :age, and :height'
+        '(for POST #create) restrict parameters to :name, :age, and :height',
       )
     end
 
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
           new([:name]).
           for(:some_action, verb: :put)
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          '(for PUT #some_action) restrict parameters to :name'
+          '(for PUT #some_action) restrict parameters to :name',
         )
       end
     end
@@ -328,8 +328,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
         end
 
         message =
-          'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters to ' +
-          ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n" +
+          'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters to '\
+          ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n"\
           'but it did not restrict any parameters.'
 
         expect(&assertion).to fail_with_message(message)
@@ -349,8 +349,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
         end
 
         message =
-          'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters to ' +
-          ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n" +
+          'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters to '\
+          ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n"\
           'but the restricted parameters were :name and :age instead.'
 
         expect(&assertion).to fail_with_message(message)
@@ -372,8 +372,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
           end
 
           message =
-            'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters on :person to ' +
-            ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n" +
+            'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters on :person to '\
+            ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n"\
             'but it did not restrict any parameters.'
 
           expect(&assertion).to fail_with_message(message)
@@ -391,8 +391,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
               params = {
                 person: {
                   name: 'some name',
-                  age: 'some age'
-                }
+                  age: 'some age',
+                },
               }
               expect(@controller).
                 to permit(:name, :age, :city, :country).
@@ -401,8 +401,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
             end
 
             message =
-              'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters on :person to ' +
-              ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n" +
+              'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters on :person to '\
+              ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n"\
               'but it did not restrict any parameters.'
 
             expect(&assertion).to fail_with_message(message)
@@ -419,8 +419,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
               params = {
                 person: {
                   name: 'some name',
-                  age: 'some age'
-                }
+                  age: 'some age',
+                },
               }
               expect(@controller).
                 to permit(:name, :age, :city, :country).
@@ -429,8 +429,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
             end
 
             message =
-              'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters on :person to ' +
-              ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n" +
+              'Expected POST #create to restrict parameters on :person to '\
+              ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n"\
               'but the restricted parameters were :name and :age instead.'
 
             expect(&assertion).to fail_with_message(message)
@@ -453,8 +453,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
       end
 
       message =
-        'Expected POST #create not to restrict parameters to ' +
-        ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n" +
+        'Expected POST #create not to restrict parameters to '\
+        ":name, :age, :city, and :country,\n"\
         'but it did.'
 
       expect(&assertion).to fail_with_message(message)
@@ -470,8 +470,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
           params = {
             person: {
               name: 'some name',
-              age: 'some age'
-            }
+              age: 'some age',
+            },
           }
           expect(@controller).
             not_to permit(:name, :age).
@@ -480,8 +480,8 @@ def params_with_conditional_require(params, *filters)
         end
 
         message =
-          'Expected POST #create not to restrict parameters on :person to ' +
-          ":name and :age,\n" +
+          'Expected POST #create not to restrict parameters on :person to '\
+          ":name and :age,\n"\
           'but it did.'
 
         expect(&assertion).to fail_with_message(message)
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_template_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_template_matcher_spec.rb
index 1ad1cde79..0ce8d1afa 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_template_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_template_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def controller_with_customer_partial
   context 'a controller that renders a partial several times' do
     it 'accepts rendering that partial twice' do
       controller = build_fake_response(partial: '_customer') do
-        render partial: 'customer', collection: [1,2]
+        render partial: 'customer', collection: [1, 2]
       end
 
       expect(controller).to render_template(partial: '_customer', count: 2)
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_with_layout_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_with_layout_matcher_spec.rb
index 571d633e3..cdd632085 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_with_layout_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/render_with_layout_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ def controller_with_wide_layout
   end
 
   context 'a controller that renders without a layout' do
-
     it 'rejects rendering with a layout' do
       controller_without_layout = build_fake_response { render layout: false }
 
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/respond_with_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/respond_with_matcher_spec.rb
index ef5b4e5d0..5f2022573 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/respond_with_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/respond_with_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActionController::RespondWithMatcher, type: :controller do
   statuses = { success: 200, redirect: 301, missing: 404, error: 500,
-    not_implemented: 501 }
+               not_implemented: 501, }
 
   statuses.each do |human_name, numeric_code|
     context "a controller responding with #{human_name}" do
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_matcher_spec.rb
index db397221d..60d5a34f5 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
           route(:get, '/'),
           build_expected_route_options(
             include_controller_in_expected_route_options,
-            action: 'index'
-          )
+            action: 'index',
+          ),
         )
       end
 
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@
               route(:get, '/'),
               build_expected_route_options(
                 include_controller_in_expected_route_options,
-                action: 'index'
-              )
+                action: 'index',
+              ),
             )
           end
         end
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@
             route(:get, '/'),
             build_expected_route_options(
               include_controller_in_expected_route_options,
-              action: :index
-            )
+              action: :index,
+            ),
           )
         end
       end
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
         assert_rejects add_target_to(
           route(:get, '/non_existent_route'),
           controller: 'no_controller',
-          action: 'no_action'
+          action: 'no_action',
         )
       end
     end
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@
           route(:get, '/'),
           build_expected_route_options(
             include_controller_in_expected_route_options,
-            action: 'index'
-          )
+            action: 'index',
+          ),
         )
       end
     end
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@
           route(:get, '/different_path'),
           build_expected_route_options(
             include_controller_in_expected_route_options,
-            action: 'index'
-          )
+            action: 'index',
+          ),
         )
       end
     end
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@
             route(:get, '/'),
             build_expected_route_options(
               include_controller_in_expected_route_options,
-              action: 'index'
-            )
+              action: 'index',
+            ),
           )
         end
       end
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@
           route(:get, '/'),
           build_expected_route_options(
             include_controller_in_expected_route_options,
-            action: 'another_action'
-          )
+            action: 'another_action',
+          ),
         )
       end
     end
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
             route(:get, "/#{controller_name}/1"),
             controller: controller_name,
             action: 'show',
-            id: '1'
+            id: '1',
           )
         end
 
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
               route(:get, "/#{controller_name}/1"),
               controller: controller_name,
               action: 'show',
-              id: 1
+              id: 1,
             )
           end
         end
@@ -154,11 +154,11 @@
             controller: controller_name,
             action: 'show',
             some: 'other',
-            params: 'here'
+            params: 'here',
           }
           assert_rejects add_target_to(
             route(:get, "/#{controller_name}/:id"),
-            params
+            params,
           )
         end
       end
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
               route(:post, "/#{controller_name}"),
               controller: controller_name,
               action: 'create',
-              format: :json
+              format: :json,
             )
           end
         end
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
               route(:post, "/#{controller_name}"),
               controller: controller_name,
               action: 'create',
-              format: 'json'
+              format: 'json',
             )
           end
         end
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
             route(:get, "/#{controller_name}/foo/bar"),
             controller: controller_name,
             action: 'whatever',
-            id: 'foo/bar'
+            id: 'foo/bar',
           )
         end
       end
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@
           assert_rejects add_target_to(
             route(:get, "/#{controller_name}"),
             controller: controller_name,
-            action: 'whatever'
+            action: 'whatever',
           )
         end
       end
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ def define_route(method, path, args)
       public_send(
         method,
         path,
-        args.merge(controller: controller, action: action)
+        args.merge(controller: controller, action: action),
       )
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_params_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_params_spec.rb
index dcc348167..5d213bf5a 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_params_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/action_controller/route_params_spec.rb
@@ -1,25 +1,25 @@
 require 'unit_spec_helper'
 
 describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActionController::RouteParams, type: :controller do
-  describe "#normalize" do
-    context "when the route parameters is a hash" do
-      it "stringifies the values in the hash" do
+  describe '#normalize' do
+    context 'when the route parameters is a hash' do
+      it 'stringifies the values in the hash' do
         expect(build_route_params(controller: :examples, action: 'example', id: '1').normalize).
-          to eq({ controller: "examples", action: "example", id: "1" })
+          to eq({ controller: 'examples', action: 'example', id: '1' })
       end
     end
 
-    context "when the route parameters is a string and a hash" do
-      it "produces a hash of route parameters" do
-        expect(build_route_params("examples#example", id: '1').normalize).
-          to eq({ controller: "examples", action: "example", id: "1" })
+    context 'when the route parameters is a string and a hash' do
+      it 'produces a hash of route parameters' do
+        expect(build_route_params('examples#example', id: '1').normalize).
+          to eq({ controller: 'examples', action: 'example', id: '1' })
       end
     end
 
-    context "when the route params is a string" do
-      it "produces a hash of route params" do
-        expect(build_route_params("examples#index").normalize).
-          to eq({ controller: "examples", action: "index"})
+    context 'when the route params is a string' do
+      it 'produces a hash of route params' do
+        expect(build_route_params('examples#index').normalize).
+          to eq({ controller: 'examples', action: 'index' })
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_mass_assignment_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_mass_assignment_of_matcher_spec.rb
index 3c374f3c5..e9dbd32d3 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_mass_assignment_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_mass_assignment_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -32,8 +32,11 @@
 
     context 'an attribute that is not whitelisted for mass-assignment' do
       it 'rejects being mass-assignable' do
-        model = define_model(:example, not_whitelisted: :string,
-          whitelisted: :string) do
+        model = define_model(
+          :example,
+          not_whitelisted: :string,
+          whitelisted: :string,
+        ) do
           attr_accessible :whitelisted
         end.new
 
@@ -51,8 +54,11 @@
 
     context 'an attribute not included in the mass-assignment blacklist' do
       it 'accepts being mass-assignable' do
-        model = define_model(:example, not_blacklisted: :string,
-          blacklisted: :string) do
+        model = define_model(
+          :example,
+          not_blacklisted: :string,
+          blacklisted: :string,
+        ) do
           attr_protected :blacklisted
         end.new
 
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher_spec.rb
index 5ca50f36e..881758a1f 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/allow_value_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
 end
 
 describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::AllowValueMatcher, type: :model do
-  context "#description" do
+  context '#description' do
     it 'describes itself with two values' do
       matcher = allow_value('foo', 'bar').for(:baz)
 
       expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-        'allow :baz to be ‹"foo"› or ‹"bar"›'
+        'allow :baz to be ‹"foo"› or ‹"bar"›',
       )
     end
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
       matcher = allow_value('foo', 'bar', 'qux').for(:baz)
 
       expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-        'allow :baz to be ‹"foo"›, ‹"bar"›, or ‹"qux"›'
+        'allow :baz to be ‹"foo"›, ‹"bar"›, or ‹"qux"›',
       )
     end
 
@@ -37,15 +37,15 @@
         strict_matcher = allow_value('xyz').for(:attr).strict
 
         expect(strict_matcher.description).to eq(
-          'allow :attr to be ‹"xyz"›, raising a validation exception on failure'
+          'allow :attr to be ‹"xyz"›, raising a validation exception on failure',
         )
       end
     end
 
     it 'truncates the description when long' do
-      matcher = allow_value("A" * 10000).for(:baz)
+      matcher = allow_value('A' * 10000).for(:baz)
 
-      expect(matcher.description).to eq "allow :baz to be ‹\"#{"A" * 499}...›"
+      expect(matcher.description).to eq "allow :baz to be ‹\"#{'A' * 499}...›"
     end
   end
 
@@ -300,12 +300,12 @@
         it 'accepts' do
           options = {
             attribute_name: :attr,
-            attribute_type: :string
+            attribute_type: :string,
           }
 
           record = record_with_custom_validation(options) do
-            if self.attr == 'xyz'
-              self.errors.add :attr, :greater_than, count: 2
+            if attr == 'xyz'
+              errors.add :attr, :greater_than, count: 2
             end
           end
 
@@ -320,12 +320,12 @@
         it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
           options = {
             attribute_name: :attr,
-            attribute_type: :string
+            attribute_type: :string,
           }
 
           record = record_with_custom_validation(options) do
-            if self.attr == 'xyz'
-              self.errors.add :attr, "some other error"
+            if attr == 'xyz'
+              errors.add :attr, 'some other error'
             end
           end
 
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@
             for(builder.attribute_to_validate).
             with_message(
               builder.message,
-              against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error
+              against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error,
             )
         end
       end
@@ -378,14 +378,14 @@
             for(builder.attribute_to_validate).
             with_message(
               builder.message,
-              against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error
+              against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error,
             )
         end
 
         context 'if the messages do not match' do
           it 'technically accepts' do
             builder = builder_for_record_with_different_error_attribute(
-              message: "a different error"
+              message: 'a different error',
             )
             invalid_value = "#{builder.valid_value} (invalid)"
 
@@ -394,8 +394,8 @@
                 not_to allow_value(invalid_value).
                 for(builder.attribute_to_validate).
                 with_message(
-                  "some error",
-                  against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error
+                  'some error',
+                  against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error,
                 )
             end
 
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@
           for(builder.attribute_to_validate).
           with_message(
             builder.validation_message_key,
-            against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error
+            against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error,
           )
       end
 
@@ -434,26 +434,26 @@
           for(builder.attribute_to_validate).
           with_message(
             builder.validation_message_key,
-            against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error
+            against: builder.attribute_that_receives_error,
           )
       end
     end
   end
 
-  context "an attribute with a context-dependent validation" do
-    context "without the validation context" do
-      it "allows a bad value" do
-        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).to allow_value("xyz").for(:attr)
+  context 'an attribute with a context-dependent validation' do
+    context 'without the validation context' do
+      it 'allows a bad value' do
+        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).to allow_value('xyz').for(:attr)
       end
     end
 
-    context "with the validation context" do
-      it "allows a good value" do
-        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).to allow_value("abcde").for(:attr).on(:customisable)
+    context 'with the validation context' do
+      it 'allows a good value' do
+        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).to allow_value('abcde').for(:attr).on(:customisable)
       end
 
-      it "rejects a bad value" do
-        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).not_to allow_value("xyz").for(:attr).on(:customisable)
+      it 'rejects a bad value' do
+        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).not_to allow_value('xyz').for(:attr).on(:customisable)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -463,8 +463,11 @@
       define_model :example, attr: :string do
         validates_presence_of     :attr
         validates_length_of       :attr, within: 1..5
-        validates_numericality_of :attr, greater_than_or_equal_to: 1,
-          less_than_or_equal_to: 50000
+        validates_numericality_of(
+          :attr,
+          greater_than_or_equal_to: 1,
+          less_than_or_equal_to: 50000,
+        )
       end.new
     end
 
@@ -490,7 +493,7 @@
         ignoring_interference_by_writer
     end
 
-    it "does not match given good values along with bad values" do
+    it 'does not match given good values along with bad values' do
       message = <<-MESSAGE.strip_heredoc
 After setting :attr to ‹"12345"›, the matcher expected the Example to be
 invalid, but it was valid instead.
@@ -503,7 +506,7 @@
       expect(&assertion).to fail_with_message(message)
     end
 
-    it "does not match given bad values along with good values" do
+    it 'does not match given bad values along with good values' do
       message = <<-MESSAGE.strip_heredoc
 After setting :attr to ‹"12345"›, the matcher expected the Example to be
 invalid, but it was valid instead.
@@ -694,7 +697,7 @@ def name=(_value)
           model = define_active_model_class 'Example', accessors: [:name] do
             validates_format_of :name, with: /another name/
 
-            def name=(value)
+            def name=(_value)
               super('constant name')
             end
           end
@@ -741,7 +744,7 @@ def name=(value)
 
         expect(&assertion).to raise_error(
           described_class::AttributeDoesNotExistError,
-          message
+          message,
         )
       end
     end
@@ -761,7 +764,7 @@ def name=(value)
 
         expect(&assertion).to raise_error(
           described_class::AttributeDoesNotExistError,
-          message
+          message,
         )
       end
     end
@@ -784,11 +787,11 @@ def name=(value)
           message = <<-MESSAGE.rstrip
 The matcher attempted to set :nonexistent on the Example to "some
 value", but that attribute does not exist.
-        MESSAGE
+          MESSAGE
 
           expect(&assertion).to raise_error(
             described_class::AttributeDoesNotExistError,
-            message
+            message,
           )
         end
       end
@@ -810,11 +813,11 @@ def name=(value)
           message = <<-MESSAGE.rstrip
 The matcher attempted to set :nonexistent on the Example to "some
 value", but that attribute does not exist.
-        MESSAGE
+          MESSAGE
 
           expect(&assertion).to raise_error(
             described_class::AttributeDoesNotExistError,
-            message
+            message,
           )
         end
       end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/disallow_value_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/disallow_value_matcher_spec.rb
index 436204aa1..9d7aaf175 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/disallow_value_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/disallow_value_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -11,20 +11,20 @@
     end
   end
 
-  context "an attribute with a context-dependent validation" do
-    context "without the validation context" do
-      it "does not match" do
-        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).not_to matcher("xyz").for(:attr)
+  context 'an attribute with a context-dependent validation' do
+    context 'without the validation context' do
+      it 'does not match' do
+        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).not_to matcher('xyz').for(:attr)
       end
     end
 
-    context "with the validation context" do
-      it "disallows a bad value" do
-        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).to matcher("xyz").for(:attr).on(:customisable)
+    context 'with the validation context' do
+      it 'disallows a bad value' do
+        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).to matcher('xyz').for(:attr).on(:customisable)
       end
 
-      it "does not match a good value" do
-        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).not_to matcher("abcde").for(:attr).on(:customisable)
+      it 'does not match a good value' do
+        expect(validating_format(with: /abc/, on: :customisable)).not_to matcher('abcde').for(:attr).on(:customisable)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@
     end
 
     it "delegates its failure message to its allow matcher's negative failure message" do
-      allow_matcher = double('allow_matcher',
+      allow_matcher = double(
+        'allow_matcher',
         failure_message_when_negated: 'allow matcher failure',
       ).as_null_object
       allow(Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::AllowValueMatcher).
@@ -70,9 +71,9 @@ def record_with_custom_validation
       define_model :example, attr: :string, attr2: :string do
         validate :custom_validation
 
-        def custom_validation
+        def custom_validation # rubocop:disable Lint/NestedMethodDefinition
           if self[:attr] != 'good value'
-            self.errors[:attr2] << 'some message'
+            errors[:attr2] << 'some message'
           end
         end
       end.new
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/have_secure_password_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/have_secure_password_matcher_spec.rb
index e01ad18bd..32ae832f1 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/have_secure_password_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/have_secure_password_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 require 'unit_spec_helper'
 
 describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::HaveSecurePasswordMatcher, type: :model do
-  context "with no arguments passed to has_secure_password" do
+  context 'with no arguments passed to has_secure_password' do
     it 'matches when the subject configures has_secure_password with default options' do
       working_model = define_model(:example, password_digest: :string) { has_secure_password }
       expect(working_model.new).to have_secure_password
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   end
 
   if active_model_supports_custom_has_secure_password_attribute?
-    context "when custom attribute is given to has_secure_password" do
+    context 'when custom attribute is given to has_secure_password' do
       it 'matches when the subject configures has_secure_password with correct options' do
         working_model = define_model(:example, reset_password_digest: :string) { has_secure_password :reset_password }
         expect(working_model.new).to have_secure_password :reset_password
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers_spec.rb
index b81780541..8246997c2 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers_spec.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # encoding: UTF-8
+
 require 'unit_spec_helper'
 
 describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::Helpers do
@@ -80,8 +81,10 @@
 
     context 'if ActiveModel::Errors#generate_message behavior has changed' do
       it 'provides the right error message for validate_presence_of' do
-        stub_active_model_message_generation(type: :blank,
-                                              message: 'Behavior has diverged.')
+        stub_active_model_message_generation(
+          type: :blank,
+          message: 'Behavior has diverged.',
+        )
         assert_presence_validation_has_correct_message
       end
     end
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ def assert_length_validation_has_correct_message
     expect(record).to validate_length_of(:attr).is_equal_to(40)
   end
 
-  def store_translations(options = {without: []})
+  def store_translations(options = { without: [] }) # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
     options[:without] = Array.wrap(options[:without] || [])
 
     translations = {
@@ -110,19 +113,19 @@ def store_translations(options = {without: []})
           models: {
             example: {
               attributes: {
-                attr: {}
-              }
-            }
+                attr: {},
+              },
+            },
           },
-          messages: {}
-        }
+          messages: {},
+        },
       },
       errors: {
         attributes: {
-          attr: {}
+          attr: {},
         },
-        messages: {}
-      }
+        messages: {},
+      },
     }
 
     unless options[:without].include?(:model_attribute)
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_absence_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_absence_of_matcher_spec.rb
index 546278532..a8a99cda6 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_absence_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_absence_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ def self.available_column_types
         :timestamp,
         :time,
         :date,
-        :binary
+        :binary,
       ]
     end
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def self.available_column_types
 
       available_column_types.each do |type|
         context "when column is of type #{type}" do
-          it "accepts" do
+          it 'accepts' do
             expect(validating_absence_of(:attr, {}, type: type)).
               to validate_absence_of(:attr)
           end
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ def self.available_column_types
             'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
             tests: {
               accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-                changing_values_with: :next_value
+                changing_values_with: :next_value,
               },
-            }
+            },
           )
 
           define_method(:validation_matcher_scenario_args) do |*args|
@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
         tests: {
           accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-            changing_values_with: :upcase
+            changing_values_with: :upcase,
           },
-        }
+        },
       )
 
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
@@ -142,9 +142,9 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
         tests: {
           accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-            changing_values_with: :next_value
+            changing_values_with: :next_value,
           },
-        }
+        },
       )
 
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
@@ -169,9 +169,9 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
         tests: {
           accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-            changing_values_with: :next_value
+            changing_values_with: :next_value,
           },
-        }
+        },
       )
 
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
@@ -198,12 +198,12 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
       end
     end
 
-    context "an i18n translation containing %{attribute} and %{model}" do
+    context 'an i18n translation containing %{attribute} and %{model}' do
       after { I18n.backend.reload! }
 
-      it "does not raise an exception" do
-        stub_translation("activerecord.errors.messages.present",
-                         "%{attribute} must be blank in a %{model}")
+      it 'does not raise an exception' do
+        stub_translation('activerecord.errors.messages.present',
+          '%{attribute} must be blank in a %{model}',)
 
         expect {
           expect(validating_absence_of(:attr)).to validate_absence_of(:attr)
@@ -211,15 +211,15 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
       end
     end
 
-    context "an attribute with a context-dependent validation" do
-      context "without the validation context" do
-        it "does not match" do
+    context 'an attribute with a context-dependent validation' do
+      context 'without the validation context' do
+        it 'does not match' do
           expect(validating_absence_of(:attr, on: :customisable)).not_to validate_absence_of(:attr)
         end
       end
 
-      context "with the validation context" do
-        it "matches" do
+      context 'with the validation context' do
+        it 'matches' do
           expect(validating_absence_of(:attr, on: :customisable)).to validate_absence_of(:attr).on(:customisable)
         end
       end
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ def validating_absence_of(attr, validation_options = {}, given_column_options =
       model = define_model_validating_absence_of(
         attr,
         validation_options,
-        given_column_options
+        given_column_options,
       )
       model.new
     end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_acceptance_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_acceptance_of_matcher_spec.rb
index 8cabdd36f..50bcbf6e4 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_acceptance_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_acceptance_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :always_nil,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr has been set to "1", but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹false› -- which was read back as ‹nil› -- the
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
           MESSAGE
         },
       },
-      model_creator: :active_model
+      model_creator: :active_model,
     )
 
     it 'fails when used in the negative' do
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_confirmation_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_confirmation_of_matcher_spec.rb
index ef01fe1c5..10d60cacf 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_confirmation_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_confirmation_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :password,
           changing_values_with: :next_value,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :password_confirmation matches
 :password, but this could not be proved.
   After setting :password_confirmation to ‹"same value"›, then setting
@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@
           MESSAGE
         },
       },
-      model_creator: :active_model
+      model_creator: :active_model,
     )
 
     it 'fails when used in the negative' do
       builder = builder_for_record_validating_confirmation(
         model_name: 'Example',
         attribute: :password,
-        confirmation_attribute: :password_confirmation
+        confirmation_attribute: :password_confirmation,
       )
 
       assertion = lambda do
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
 
       expect(&assertion).to raise_error(
         Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::AllowValueMatcher::AttributeDoesNotExistError,
-        message
+        message,
       )
     end
   end
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 
       expect(&assertion).to raise_error(
         Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::AllowValueMatcher::AttributeDoesNotExistError,
-        message
+        message,
       )
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_exclusion_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_exclusion_of_matcher_spec.rb
index 899316d3a..de42eb847 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_exclusion_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_exclusion_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :next_value,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr lies outside the range ‹2› to
 ‹5›, but this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹1› -- which was read back as ‹2› -- the
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
           MESSAGE
         },
       },
-      model_creator: :active_model
+      model_creator: :active_model,
     ) do
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         super.deep_merge(validation_options: { in: 2..5 })
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
     it 'accepts ensuring the correct range with an interpolated variable in the message' do
       matcher = validating_exclusion(in: 2..4, message: '%{value} is not good')
       expect(matcher).
-      to validate_exclusion_of(:attr).
+        to validate_exclusion_of(:attr).
         in_range(2..4).
         with_message(/^[234] is not good$/)
     end
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       matcher = validate_exclusion_of(:attr).in_range(1..10)
 
       expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-        'validate that :attr lies outside the range ‹1› to ‹10›'
+        'validate that :attr lies outside the range ‹1› to ‹10›',
       )
     end
   end
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         matcher = validate_exclusion_of(:attr).in_array([true, 'dog'])
 
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          'validate that :attr is neither ‹true› nor ‹"dog"›'
+          'validate that :attr is neither ‹true› nor ‹"dog"›',
         )
       end
     end
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         matcher = validate_exclusion_of(:attr).in_array([true, 'dog', 'cat'])
 
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          'validate that :attr is neither ‹true›, ‹"dog"›, nor ‹"cat"›'
+          'validate that :attr is neither ‹true›, ‹"dog"›, nor ‹"cat"›',
         )
       end
     end
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :next_value,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr is neither ‹"one"› nor ‹"two"›,
 but this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"one"› -- which was read back as ‹"onf"› --
@@ -203,10 +203,10 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   this test is failing. If you've overridden the writer method for this
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
-        MESSAGE
+          MESSAGE
         },
       },
-      model_creator: :active_model
+      model_creator: :active_model,
     ) do
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         super.deep_merge(validation_options: { in: ['one', 'two'] })
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_inclusion_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_inclusion_of_matcher_spec.rb
index bc18c2d50..733d28eef 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_inclusion_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_inclusion_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -475,9 +475,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
 
     if reserved_outside_value
       it 'raises an error when valid and given value is our test outside value' do
-        # rubocop:disable Metrics/LineLength
         error_class = Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::CouldNotDetermineValueOutsideOfArray
-        # rubocop:enable Metrics/LineLength
         builder = build_object_allowing([reserved_outside_value])
 
         expect { expect_to_match_on_values(builder, [reserved_outside_value]) }.
@@ -770,7 +768,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
           valid_values = booleans
           builder = build_object_allowing(valid_values)
           message =
-            'You are using `validate_inclusion_of` to assert that a boolean ' +
+            'You are using `validate_inclusion_of` to assert that a boolean '\
             'column allows boolean values and disallows non-boolean ones'
 
           stderr = capture(:stderr) do
@@ -831,7 +829,7 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
             valid_values = [nil]
             builder = build_object_allowing(valid_values)
             message =
-              'You are using `validate_inclusion_of` to assert that a ' +
+              'You are using `validate_inclusion_of` to assert that a '\
               'boolean column allows nil'
 
             stderr = capture(:stderr) do
@@ -857,10 +855,7 @@ def build_object(**options, &block)
           it 'raises a specific error' do
             valid_values = [nil]
             builder = build_object_allowing(valid_values)
-            # rubocop:disable Metrics/LineLength
             error_class = Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::NonNullableBooleanError
-            # rubocop:enable Metrics/LineLength
-
             expect {
               expect_to_match_in_array(builder, valid_values)
             }.to raise_error(error_class)
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_length_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_length_of_matcher_spec.rb
index bcd568049..0b7f62648 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_length_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_length_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :add_character,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that the length of :attr is at least 4, but
 this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"xxx"› -- which was read back as ‹"xxxa"› --
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     ) do
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         super.deep_merge(validation_options: { minimum: 4 })
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :remove_character,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that the length of :attr is at most 4, but
 this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"xxxxx"› -- which was read back as ‹"xxxx"› --
@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     ) do
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         super.deep_merge(validation_options: { maximum: 4 })
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :add_character,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that the length of :attr is 4, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"xxx"› -- which was read back as ‹"xxxa"› --
@@ -182,8 +182,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     ) do
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         super.deep_merge(validation_options: { is: 4 })
@@ -237,14 +237,15 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   context 'using translations' do
     after { I18n.backend.reload! }
 
-    context "a too_long translation containing %{attribute}, %{model}" do
+    context 'a too_long translation containing %{attribute}, %{model}' do
       before do
         stub_translation(
-          "activerecord.errors.messages.too_long",
-          "The %{attribute} of your %{model} is too long (maximum is %{count} characters)")
+          'activerecord.errors.messages.too_long',
+          'The %{attribute} of your %{model} is too long (maximum is %{count} characters)',
+        )
       end
 
-      it "does not raise an exception" do
+      it 'does not raise an exception' do
         expect {
           expect(validating_length(maximum: 4)).
             to validate_length_of(:attr).is_at_most(4)
@@ -252,28 +253,30 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       end
     end
 
-    context "a too_short translation containing %{attribute}, %{model}" do
+    context 'a too_short translation containing %{attribute}, %{model}' do
       before do
         stub_translation(
-          "activerecord.errors.messages.too_short",
-          "The %{attribute} of your %{model} is too short (minimum is %{count} characters)")
+          'activerecord.errors.messages.too_short',
+          'The %{attribute} of your %{model} is too short (minimum is %{count} characters)',
+        )
       end
 
-      it "does not raise an exception" do
+      it 'does not raise an exception' do
         expect {
           expect(validating_length(minimum: 4)).to validate_length_of(:attr).is_at_least(4)
         }.to_not raise_exception
       end
     end
 
-    context "a wrong_length translation containing %{attribute}, %{model}" do
+    context 'a wrong_length translation containing %{attribute}, %{model}' do
       before do
         stub_translation(
-          "activerecord.errors.messages.wrong_length",
-          "The %{attribute} of your %{model} is the wrong length (should be %{count} characters)")
+          'activerecord.errors.messages.wrong_length',
+          'The %{attribute} of your %{model} is the wrong length (should be %{count} characters)',
+        )
       end
 
-      it "does not raise an exception" do
+      it 'does not raise an exception' do
         expect {
           expect(validating_length(is: 4)).
             to validate_length_of(:attr).is_equal_to(4)
@@ -385,7 +388,7 @@ def validating_length(options = {})
   def validation_matcher_scenario_args
     super.deep_merge(
       matcher_name: :validate_length_of,
-      model_creator: :active_model
+      model_creator: :active_model,
     )
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_numericality_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_numericality_of_matcher_spec.rb
index 84595afb0..d1d5c6d44 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_numericality_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_numericality_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::ValidateNumericalityOfMatcher, type: :model do
   class << self
-    def all_qualifiers
+    def all_qualifiers # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
       [
         {
           category: :comparison,
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ def all_qualifiers
           name: :on,
           argument: :customizable,
           validation_name: :on,
-          validation_value: :customizable
-        }
+          validation_value: :customizable,
+        },
       ]
     end
 
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def default_validation_values
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :numeric_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"abcd"› -- which was read back as ‹"1"› -- the
@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ def default_validation_values
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       )
 
       context 'when the attribute is a virtual attribute in an ActiveRecord model' do
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ def default_validation_values
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value_or_non_numeric_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number as long as
 it is not nil, but this could not be proved.
   In checking that Example allows :attr to be ‹nil›, after setting :attr
@@ -270,8 +270,8 @@ def default_validation_values
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(validation_options: { allow_nil: true })
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :numeric_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like an integer, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"0.1"› -- which was read back as ‹"1"› -- the
@@ -352,8 +352,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(validation_options: { only_integer: true })
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like an odd number, but
 this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"2"› -- which was read back as ‹"3"› -- the
@@ -431,8 +431,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(validation_options: { odd: true })
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       context 'when the attribute is a virtual attribute in ActiveRecord model' do
         it 'accepts' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality_of_virtual_attribute(
-            odd: true
+            odd: true,
           )
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.odd
         end
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :integer,
-            odd: true
+            odd: true,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.odd
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :float,
-            odd: true
+            odd: true,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.odd
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like an even number, but
 this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"1"› -- which was read back as ‹"2"› -- the
@@ -552,8 +552,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(validation_options: { even: true })
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :integer,
-            even: true
+            even: true,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.even
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :float,
-            even: true
+            even: true,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.even
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number less than or
 equal to 18, but this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"18"› -- which was read back as ‹"19"› -- the
@@ -675,12 +675,12 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(
-            validation_options: { less_than_or_equal_to: 18 }
+            validation_options: { less_than_or_equal_to: 18 },
           )
         end
 
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :integer,
-            less_than_or_equal_to: 18
+            less_than_or_equal_to: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.is_less_than_or_equal_to(18)
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :float,
-            less_than_or_equal_to: 18
+            less_than_or_equal_to: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.is_less_than_or_equal_to(18)
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number less than
 18, but this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"17"› -- which was read back as ‹"18"› -- the
@@ -801,8 +801,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(validation_options: { less_than: 18 })
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :integer,
-            less_than: 18
+            less_than: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.is_less_than(18)
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :float,
-            less_than: 18
+            less_than: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.is_less_than(18)
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number equal to 18,
 but this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"18"› -- which was read back as ‹"19"› -- the
@@ -923,8 +923,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(validation_options: { equal_to: 18 })
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :integer,
-            equal_to: 18
+            equal_to: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.is_equal_to(18)
@@ -959,7 +959,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :float,
-            equal_to: 18
+            equal_to: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.is_equal_to(18)
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number other than
 18, but this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"18"› -- which was read back as ‹"19"› -- the
@@ -1042,8 +1042,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(validation_options: { other_than: 18 })
@@ -1067,7 +1067,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :integer,
-            other_than: 18
+            other_than: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.is_other_than(18)
@@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :float,
-            other_than: 18
+            other_than: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_numericality.is_other_than(18)
@@ -1121,7 +1121,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
     context 'validating with greater_than_or_equal_to' do
       it 'accepts' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
-          greater_than_or_equal_to: 18
+          greater_than_or_equal_to: 18,
         )
         expect(record).
           to validate_numericality.
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number greater than
 or equal to 18, but this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"17"› -- which was read back as ‹"18"› -- the
@@ -1168,12 +1168,12 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(
-            validation_options: { greater_than_or_equal_to: 18 }
+            validation_options: { greater_than_or_equal_to: 18 },
           )
         end
 
@@ -1196,7 +1196,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :integer,
-            greater_than_or_equal_to: 18
+            greater_than_or_equal_to: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).
@@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :float,
-            greater_than_or_equal_to: 18
+            greater_than_or_equal_to: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).
@@ -1288,7 +1288,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number greater than
 18, but this could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"18"› -- which was read back as ‹"19"› -- the
@@ -1300,8 +1300,8 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       ) do
         def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           super.deep_merge(validation_options: { greater_than: 18 })
@@ -1325,7 +1325,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :integer,
-            greater_than: 18
+            greater_than: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).
@@ -1338,7 +1338,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         it 'accepts (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_numericality(
             column_type: :float,
-            greater_than: 18
+            greater_than: 18,
           )
 
           expect(record).
@@ -1518,7 +1518,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as validating even but testing that only_integer is validated' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           even: true,
-          greater_than: 18
+          greater_than: 18,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1571,7 +1571,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as validating greater_than_or_equal_to (+ even) but testing that greater_than is validated' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           even: true,
-          greater_than_or_equal_to: 18
+          greater_than_or_equal_to: 18,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1595,7 +1595,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as validating odd (+ greater_than) but testing that even is validated' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           odd: true,
-          greater_than: 18
+          greater_than: 18,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as validating greater_than_or_equal_to (+ odd) but testing that is_less_than_or_equal_to is validated' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           odd: true,
-          greater_than_or_equal_to: 99
+          greater_than_or_equal_to: 99,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1648,7 +1648,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           only_integer: true,
           greater_than_or_equal_to: 18,
-          less_than: 99
+          less_than: 99,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1675,7 +1675,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as testing greater_than (+ only_integer) with lower value' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           only_integer: true,
-          greater_than: 19
+          greater_than: 19,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1703,7 +1703,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as testing greater_than (+ only_integer) with higher value' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           only_integer: true,
-          greater_than: 17
+          greater_than: 17,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1727,7 +1727,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as testing greater_than (+ even) with lower value' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           even: true,
-          greater_than: 20
+          greater_than: 20,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1755,7 +1755,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as testing greater than (+ even) with higher value' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           even: true,
-          greater_than: 16
+          greater_than: 16,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1779,7 +1779,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as testing less_than_or_equal_to (+ odd) with lower value' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           odd: true,
-          less_than_or_equal_to: 101
+          less_than_or_equal_to: 101,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1803,7 +1803,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       specify 'such as testing less_than_or_equal_to (+ odd) with higher value' do
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           odd: true,
-          less_than_or_equal_to: 97
+          less_than_or_equal_to: 97,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1833,7 +1833,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           only_integer: true,
           greater_than: 19,
-          less_than: 99
+          less_than: 99,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1863,7 +1863,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         record = build_record_validating_numericality(
           only_integer: true,
           greater_than: 18,
-          less_than: 100
+          less_than: 100,
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -1904,7 +1904,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
 
     it do
       record = build_record_validating_numericality(
-        greater_than_or_equal_to: 100_000
+        greater_than_or_equal_to: 100_000,
       )
       expect(record).
         to validate_numericality.
@@ -1913,7 +1913,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
 
     it do
       record = build_record_validating_numericality(
-        less_than_or_equal_to: 100_000
+        less_than_or_equal_to: 100_000,
       )
       expect(record).
         to validate_numericality.
@@ -1955,7 +1955,7 @@ def set_attr!; self.attr = 5 end
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :numeric_value,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr looks like a number, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹"abcd"› -- which was read back as ‹"1"› -- the
@@ -1967,8 +1967,8 @@ def set_attr!; self.attr = 5 end
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     )
 
     def validation_matcher_scenario_args
@@ -1981,7 +1981,7 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
       it 'describes that it allows numbers' do
         matcher = validate_numericality_of(:attr)
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          'validate that :attr looks like a number'
+          'validate that :attr looks like a number',
         )
       end
     end
@@ -1990,7 +1990,7 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
       it 'describes that it allows integers' do
         matcher = validate_numericality_of(:attr).only_integer
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          'validate that :attr looks like an integer'
+          'validate that :attr looks like an integer',
         )
       end
     end
@@ -2000,7 +2000,7 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         it "describes that it allows #{qualifier[:name]} numbers" do
           matcher = validate_numericality_of(:attr).__send__(qualifier[:name])
           expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-            "validate that :attr looks like an #{qualifier[:name]} number"
+            "validate that :attr looks like an #{qualifier[:name]} number",
           )
         end
       end
@@ -2015,20 +2015,20 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
             __send__(qualifier[:name], 18)
 
           expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-            "validate that :attr looks like a number #{comparison_phrase} 18"
+            "validate that :attr looks like a number #{comparison_phrase} 18",
           )
         end
       end
     end
 
     context 'qualified with odd + is_greater_than_or_equal_to' do
-      it "describes that it allows odd numbers greater than or equal to a certain value" do
+      it 'describes that it allows odd numbers greater than or equal to a certain value' do
         matcher = validate_numericality_of(:attr).
           odd.
           is_greater_than_or_equal_to(18)
 
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          'validate that :attr looks like an odd number greater than or equal to 18'
+          'validate that :attr looks like an odd number greater than or equal to 18',
         )
       end
     end
@@ -2041,7 +2041,7 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
           is_less_than_or_equal_to(100)
 
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          'validate that :attr looks like an integer greater than 18 and less than or equal to 100'
+          'validate that :attr looks like an integer greater than 18 and less than or equal to 100',
         )
       end
     end
@@ -2050,7 +2050,7 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
       it 'describes that it relies upon a strict validation' do
         matcher = validate_numericality_of(:attr).strict
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          'validate that :attr looks like a number, raising a validation exception on failure'
+          'validate that :attr looks like a number, raising a validation exception on failure',
         )
       end
 
@@ -2058,7 +2058,7 @@ def validation_matcher_scenario_args
         it 'places the comparison description after "strictly"' do
           matcher = validate_numericality_of(:attr).is_less_than(18).strict
           expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-            'validate that :attr looks like a number less than 18, raising a validation exception on failure'
+            'validate that :attr looks like a number less than 18, raising a validation exception on failure',
           )
         end
       end
@@ -2129,7 +2129,7 @@ def attribute_name
   def validation_matcher_scenario_args
     super.deep_merge(
       matcher_name: :validate_numericality_of,
-      model_creator: :active_record
+      model_creator: :active_record,
     )
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_presence_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_presence_of_matcher_spec.rb
index 3fc3a4db7..dccca62ac 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_presence_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validate_presence_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@
       'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
       tests: {
         accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-          changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank
+          changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank,
         },
         reject_if_qualified_but_changing_value_interferes: {
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :never_falsy,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr cannot be empty/falsy, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹nil› -- which was read back as ‹"dummy value"›
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     )
 
     it 'fails when used in the negative' do
@@ -202,13 +202,13 @@
       'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
       tests: {
         accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-          changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank
+          changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank,
         },
         reject_if_qualified_but_changing_value_interferes: {
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :never_falsy,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr cannot be empty/falsy, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹nil› -- which was read back as ‹"dummy value"›
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     )
 
     if active_model_supports_full_attributes_api?
@@ -305,13 +305,13 @@ def model_creator
         'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
         tests: {
           accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-            changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank
+            changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank,
           },
           reject_if_qualified_but_changing_value_interferes: {
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :never_falsy,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr cannot be empty/falsy, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹nil› -- which was read back as ‹"dummy value"›
@@ -324,8 +324,8 @@ def model_creator
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       )
     end
 
@@ -345,13 +345,13 @@ def model_creator
         'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
         tests: {
           accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-            changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank
+            changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank,
           },
           reject_if_qualified_but_changing_value_interferes: {
             model_name: 'Example',
             attribute_name: :attr,
             changing_values_with: :never_falsy,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr cannot be empty/falsy, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹nil› -- which was read back as ‹"dummy value"›
@@ -364,8 +364,8 @@ def model_creator
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       )
     end
 
@@ -386,13 +386,13 @@ def model_creator
       'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
       tests: {
         accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-          changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank
+          changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank,
         },
         reject_if_qualified_but_changing_value_interferes: {
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :never_falsy,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr cannot be empty/falsy, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹nil› -- which was read back as ‹"dummy value"›
@@ -405,8 +405,8 @@ def model_creator
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     )
 
     def model_creator
@@ -445,13 +445,13 @@ def build_record_having_and_belonging_to_many
       'ignoring_interference_by_writer',
       tests: {
         accept_if_qualified_but_changing_value_does_not_interfere: {
-          changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank
+          changing_values_with: :nil_to_blank,
         },
         reject_if_qualified_but_changing_value_interferes: {
           model_name: 'Example',
           attribute_name: :attr,
           changing_values_with: :never_falsy,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr cannot be empty/falsy, but this
 could not be proved.
   After setting :attr to ‹nil› -- which was read back as ‹"dummy value"›
@@ -464,8 +464,8 @@ def build_record_having_and_belonging_to_many
   attribute, then you may need to change it to make this test pass, or
   do something else entirely.
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     )
 
     def model_creator
@@ -882,16 +882,17 @@ def record_belonging_to(
     end
   end
 
-  context "an i18n translation containing %{attribute} and %{model}" do
+  context 'an i18n translation containing %{attribute} and %{model}' do
     before do
       stub_translation(
-        "activerecord.errors.messages.blank",
-        "Please enter a %{attribute} for your %{model}")
+        'activerecord.errors.messages.blank',
+        'Please enter a %{attribute} for your %{model}',
+      )
     end
 
     after { I18n.backend.reload! }
 
-    it "does not raise an exception" do
+    it 'does not raise an exception' do
       expect {
         expect(validating_presence).to validate_presence_of(:attr)
       }.to_not raise_exception
@@ -932,15 +933,15 @@ def record_belonging_to(
     end
   end
 
-  context "an attribute with a context-dependent validation" do
-    context "without the validation context" do
-      it "does not match" do
+  context 'an attribute with a context-dependent validation' do
+    context 'without the validation context' do
+      it 'does not match' do
         expect(validating_presence(on: :customisable)).not_to matcher
       end
     end
 
-    context "with the validation context" do
-      it "matches" do
+    context 'with the validation context' do
+      it 'matches' do
         expect(validating_presence(on: :customisable)).to matcher.on(:customisable)
       end
     end
@@ -961,7 +962,7 @@ def record_belonging_to(
       end
 
       expect(&assertion).to raise_error(
-        Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::CouldNotSetPasswordError
+        Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::CouldNotSetPasswordError,
       )
     end
   end
@@ -971,7 +972,7 @@ def record_belonging_to(
       model = define_active_model_class :example, accessors: [:foo] do
         validates_presence_of :foo
 
-        def foo=(value)
+        def foo=(_value)
           super([])
         end
       end
@@ -1189,7 +1190,7 @@ def active_resource_model
   def validation_matcher_scenario_args
     super.deep_merge(
       matcher_name: :validate_presence_of,
-      model_creator: :active_record
+      model_creator: :active_record,
     )
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher_spec.rb
index fa4fa3144..5fe336a70 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -489,6 +489,7 @@
                   with_belongs_to_as_optional_by_default do
                     child_model = create_child_model_belonging_to_parent do
                       attr_accessor :condition
+
                       validates_presence_of :parent, if: :condition
                     end
 
@@ -504,6 +505,7 @@
                   with_belongs_to_as_optional_by_default do
                     child_model = create_child_model_belonging_to_parent do
                       attr_accessor :condition
+
                       validates_presence_of :parent, if: :condition
                     end
 
@@ -535,6 +537,7 @@
               it 'passes' do
                 child_model = create_child_model_belonging_to_parent do
                   attr_accessor :condition
+
                   validates_presence_of :parent, if: :condition
                 end
 
@@ -548,6 +551,7 @@
               it 'passes' do
                 child_model = create_child_model_belonging_to_parent do
                   attr_accessor :condition
+
                   validates_presence_of :parent, if: :condition
                 end
 
@@ -858,10 +862,9 @@ def belonging_to_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
 
     it 'accepts a valid association with a :through option' do
       define_model :child
-      define_model :conception, child_id: :integer,
-        parent_id: :integer do
+      define_model :conception, child_id: :integer, parent_id: :integer do
         belongs_to :child
-        end
+      end
       define_model :parent do
         has_many :conceptions
         has_many :children, through: :conceptions
@@ -877,11 +880,9 @@ def belonging_to_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
         has_many :children, through: :conceptions
       end
 
-      expect { have_many(:children) }
-        .not_to match_against(parent_class.new)
-        .and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE)
+      expect { have_many(:children) }.not_to match_against(parent_class.new).and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE)
 Expected Parent to have a has_many association called children through conceptions (Could not find the source association(s) "child" or :children in model Conception. Try 'has_many :children, :through => :conceptions, :source => <name>'. Is it one of ?)
-        MESSAGE
+      MESSAGE
     end
 
     it 'accepts a valid association with an :as option' do
@@ -919,8 +920,11 @@ def belonging_to_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
     end
 
     it 'rejects an association with a bad :as option' do
-      define_model :child, caretaker_type: :string,
-        caretaker_id: :integer
+      define_model(
+        :child,
+        caretaker_type: :string,
+        caretaker_id: :integer,
+      )
       define_model :parent do
         has_many :children, as: :guardian
       end
@@ -940,7 +944,7 @@ def belonging_to_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
       define_model :child
 
       define_model :conception, child_id: :integer,
-        parent_id: :integer do
+                                parent_id: :integer do
         belongs_to :child
       end
 
@@ -1162,7 +1166,7 @@ def belonging_to_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
           end
 
           message =
-            'Expected Parent to have a has_many association called children ' +
+            'Expected Parent to have a has_many association called children '\
             '(children should have index_errors set to true)'
 
           expect {
@@ -1251,7 +1255,7 @@ def having_many_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
 
     it 'accepts a valid association with an :as option' do
       define_model :detail, detailable_id: :integer,
-        detailable_type: :string
+                            detailable_type: :string
       define_model :person do
         has_one :detail, as: :detailable
       end
@@ -1294,7 +1298,7 @@ def having_many_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
 
     it 'rejects an association with a bad :as option' do
       define_model :detail, detailable_id: :integer,
-        detailable_type: :string
+                            detailable_type: :string
       define_model :person do
         has_one :detail, as: :describable
       end
@@ -1442,7 +1446,6 @@ def having_many_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
       }.to fail_with_message(message)
     end
 
-
     it 'accepts an association with a through' do
       define_model :detail
 
@@ -1539,7 +1542,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
       define_model :relative
       define_model :person
       define_model :people_relative, id: false, person_id: :integer,
-        relative_id: :integer
+                                     relative_id: :integer
 
       expect(Person.new).not_to have_and_belong_to_many(:relatives)
     end
@@ -1582,7 +1585,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
                   define_model :person do
                     has_and_belongs_to_many(
                       :relatives,
-                      join_table: :people_and_their_families
+                      join_table: :people_and_their_families,
                     )
                   end
 
@@ -1611,7 +1614,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
                   define_model :person do
                     has_and_belongs_to_many(
                       :relatives,
-                      join_table: :people_and_their_families
+                      join_table: :people_and_their_families,
                     )
                   end
 
@@ -1638,7 +1641,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
                 define_model :person do
                   has_and_belongs_to_many(
                     :relatives,
-                    join_table: :people_and_their_families
+                    join_table: :people_and_their_families,
                   )
                 end
 
@@ -1663,7 +1666,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
               define_model :person do
                 has_and_belongs_to_many(
                   :relatives,
-                  join_table: :people_and_their_families
+                  join_table: :people_and_their_families,
                 )
               end
 
@@ -1722,7 +1725,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
                   define_model :person do
                     has_and_belongs_to_many(
                       :relatives,
-                      join_table: 'people_and_their_families'
+                      join_table: 'people_and_their_families',
                     )
                   end
 
@@ -1751,7 +1754,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
                   define_model :person do
                     has_and_belongs_to_many(
                       :relatives,
-                      join_table: 'people_and_their_families'
+                      join_table: 'people_and_their_families',
                     )
                   end
 
@@ -1778,7 +1781,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
                 define_model :person do
                   has_and_belongs_to_many(
                     :relatives,
-                    join_table: 'people_and_their_families'
+                    join_table: 'people_and_their_families',
                   )
                 end
 
@@ -1803,7 +1806,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
               define_model :person do
                 has_and_belongs_to_many(
                   :relatives,
-                  join_table: 'people_and_their_families'
+                  join_table: 'people_and_their_families',
                 )
               end
 
@@ -1861,7 +1864,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
             define_model :person do
               has_and_belongs_to_many(
                 :relatives,
-                join_table: :people_and_their_families
+                join_table: :people_and_their_families,
               )
             end
 
@@ -1887,7 +1890,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
             define_model :person do
               has_and_belongs_to_many(
                 :relatives,
-                join_table: :people_and_their_families
+                join_table: :people_and_their_families,
               )
             end
 
@@ -1911,7 +1914,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
           define_model :person do
             has_and_belongs_to_many(
               :relatives,
-              join_table: :people_and_their_families
+              join_table: :people_and_their_families,
             )
           end
 
@@ -1967,19 +1970,17 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
         define_model :relative
         define_model :person do
           has_and_belongs_to_many :relatives,
-                                  foreign_key: :some_foreign_key_id,
-                                  association_foreign_key: :custom_association_foreign_key_id
+            foreign_key: :some_foreign_key_id,
+            association_foreign_key: :custom_association_foreign_key_id
         end
 
         define_model :people_relative,
-                     id: false,
-                     custom_association_foreign_key_id: :integer,
-                     some_foreign_key_id: :integer
+          id: false,
+          custom_association_foreign_key_id: :integer,
+          some_foreign_key_id: :integer
 
         expect(Person.new).to have_and_belong_to_many(:relatives)
-
       end
-
     end
 
     it 'rejects an association of the wrong type' do
@@ -1997,7 +1998,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
         define_association_with_conditions(model, :has_and_belongs_to_many, :relatives, adopted: true)
       end
       define_model :people_relative, id: false, person_id: :integer,
-        relative_id: :integer
+                                     relative_id: :integer
 
       expect(Person.new).to have_and_belong_to_many(:relatives).conditions(adopted: true)
     end
@@ -2008,7 +2009,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
         has_and_belongs_to_many :relatives
       end
       define_model :people_relative, id: false, person_id: :integer,
-        relative_id: :integer
+                                     relative_id: :integer
 
       expect(Person.new).not_to have_and_belong_to_many(:relatives).conditions(adopted: true)
     end
@@ -2025,7 +2026,7 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
       end
 
       define_model :people_person_relative, person_id: :integer,
-        person_relative_id: :integer
+                                            person_relative_id: :integer
 
       expect(Person.new).to have_and_belong_to_many(:relatives).class_name('PersonRelative')
     end
@@ -2138,10 +2139,10 @@ def having_one_non_existent(model_name, assoc_name, options = {})
       end
     end
 
-    def having_and_belonging_to_many_relatives(options = {})
+    def having_and_belonging_to_many_relatives(_options = {})
       define_model :relative
       define_model :people_relative, id: false, person_id: :integer,
-        relative_id: :integer
+                                     relative_id: :integer
       define_model :person do
         has_and_belongs_to_many :relatives
       end.new
@@ -2154,7 +2155,7 @@ def having_and_belonging_to_many_non_existent_class(model_name, assoc_name, opti
     end
   end
 
-  def define_association_with_conditions(model, macro, name, conditions, other_options={})
+  def define_association_with_conditions(model, macro, name, conditions, _other_options = {})
     args = []
     options = {}
     if active_record_supports_relations?
@@ -2166,7 +2167,7 @@ def define_association_with_conditions(model, macro, name, conditions, other_opt
     model.__send__(macro, name, *args)
   end
 
-  def define_association_with_order(model, macro, name, order, other_options={})
+  def define_association_with_order(model, macro, name, order, _other_options = {})
     args = []
     options = {}
     if active_record_supports_relations?
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher_spec.rb
index 8b3517f61..b7e631472 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
   context 'if a method to hold enum values exists on the model but was not created via the enum macro' do
     it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
       model = define_model 'Example' do
-        def self.statuses; end
+        def self.statuses
+        end
       end
 
       message = format_message(<<-MESSAGE)
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher_spec.rb
index 2c1025c50..7a0ffdea9 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ def self.can_test_expression_indexes?
   end
 
   describe 'the matcher' do
-    # rubocop:disable Layout/MultilineBlockLayout
-    # rubocop:disable Layout/SpaceAroundBlockParameters
     shared_examples 'for when the matcher is qualified' do |
       index:,
       other_index:,
@@ -16,8 +14,6 @@ def self.can_test_expression_indexes?
       qualifier_args:,
       columns: { index => :string }
     |
-    # rubocop:enable Layout/MultilineBlockLayout
-    # rubocop:enable Layout/SpaceAroundBlockParameters
       if unique
         index_type = 'unique'
         inverse_description = 'not unique'
@@ -359,15 +355,7 @@ def self.can_test_expression_indexes?
   end
 
   describe '#description' do
-    # rubocop:disable Layout/MultilineBlockLayout
-    # rubocop:disable Layout/SpaceAroundBlockParameters
-    shared_examples 'for when the matcher is qualified' do |
-      index:,
-      index_type:,
-      qualifier_args:
-    |
-    # rubocop:enable Layout/MultilineBlockLayout
-    # rubocop:enable Layout/SpaceAroundBlockParameters
+    shared_examples 'for when the matcher is qualified' do |index:, index_type:, qualifier_args:|
       it 'returns the correct description' do
         matcher = have_db_index(index).unique(*qualifier_args)
 
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column_spec.rb
index 2cdf4b43b..51c88c00d 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_implicit_order_column_spec.rb
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@
               record = record_with_implicit_order_column_on(
                 :created_at,
                 class_name: 'Employee',
-                columns: [:created_at]
+                columns: [:created_at],
               )
 
-              expect { have_implicit_order_column(:created_at) }
-                .to match_against(record)
-                .or_fail_with(<<~MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+              expect { have_implicit_order_column(:created_at) }.
+                to match_against(record).
+                or_fail_with(<<~MESSAGE, wrap: true)
                   Expected Employee not to have an implicit_order_column of
                   :created_at, but it did.
                 MESSAGE
@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@
               record = record_with_implicit_order_column_on(
                 :created_at,
                 class_name: 'Employee',
-                columns: [:created_at]
+                columns: [:created_at],
               )
 
-              expect { have_implicit_order_column('created_at') }
-                .to match_against(record)
-                .or_fail_with(<<~MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+              expect { have_implicit_order_column('created_at') }.
+                to match_against(record).
+                or_fail_with(<<~MESSAGE, wrap: true)
                   Expected Employee not to have an implicit_order_column of
                   :created_at, but it did.
                 MESSAGE
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@
               record = record_with_implicit_order_column_on(
                 :created_at,
                 class_name: 'Employee',
-                columns: [:created_at, :email]
+                columns: [:created_at, :email],
               )
 
-              expect { have_implicit_order_column(:email) }
-                .not_to match_against(record)
-                .and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+              expect { have_implicit_order_column(:email) }.
+                not_to match_against(record).
+                and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
                   Expected Employee to have an implicit_order_column of :email,
                   but it is :created_at.
                 MESSAGE
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@
               record = record_with_implicit_order_column_on(
                 :created_at,
                 class_name: 'Employee',
-                columns: [:created_at, :email]
+                columns: [:created_at, :email],
               )
 
-              expect { have_implicit_order_column('email') }
-                .not_to match_against(record)
-                .and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+              expect { have_implicit_order_column('email') }.
+                not_to match_against(record).
+                and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
                   Expected Employee to have an implicit_order_column of :email,
                   but it is :created_at.
                 MESSAGE
@@ -82,12 +82,12 @@
           it 'does not match, producing an appropriate message' do
             record = record_without_implicit_order_column(
               class_name: 'Employee',
-              columns: [:created_at]
+              columns: [:created_at],
             )
 
-            expect { have_implicit_order_column(:created_at) }
-              .not_to match_against(record)
-              .and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+            expect { have_implicit_order_column(:created_at) }.
+              not_to match_against(record).
+              and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
                 Expected Employee to have an implicit_order_column of
                 :created_at, but implicit_order_column is not set.
               MESSAGE
@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@
           it 'does not match, producing an appropriate message' do
             record = record_without_implicit_order_column(
               class_name: 'Employee',
-              columns: [:created_at]
+              columns: [:created_at],
             )
 
-            expect { have_implicit_order_column('created_at') }
-              .not_to match_against(record)
-              .and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+            expect { have_implicit_order_column('created_at') }.
+              not_to match_against(record).
+              and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
                 Expected Employee to have an implicit_order_column of
                 :created_at, but implicit_order_column is not set.
               MESSAGE
@@ -117,9 +117,9 @@
         it 'does not match, producing an appropriate message' do
           record = record_without_any_columns(class_name: 'Employee')
 
-          expect { have_implicit_order_column(:whatever) }
-            .not_to match_against(record)
-            .and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+          expect { have_implicit_order_column(:whatever) }.
+            not_to match_against(record).
+            and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
               Expected Employee to have an implicit_order_column of :whatever,
               but that could not be proved: The :employees table does not have a
               :whatever column.
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@
         it 'does not match, producing an appropriate message' do
           record = record_without_any_columns(class_name: 'Employee')
 
-          expect { have_implicit_order_column('whatever') }
-            .not_to match_against(record)
-            .and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+          expect { have_implicit_order_column('whatever') }.
+            not_to match_against(record).
+            and_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
               Expected Employee to have an implicit_order_column of :whatever,
               but that could not be proved: The :employees table does not have a
               :whatever column.
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
         matcher = have_implicit_order_column(:created_at)
 
         expect(matcher.description).to eq(
-          'have an implicit_order_column of :created_at'
+          'have an implicit_order_column of :created_at',
         )
       end
     end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher_spec.rb
index c5f5470b8..c53420714 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_rich_text_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ def self.rich_text_is_defined?
 
   def new_post(has_invalid_content: false, is_rich_text_association: false)
     columns = {}
-  
+
     if has_invalid_content
       columns[:invalid_content] = :string
     end
-  
+
     define_model 'Post', columns do
       if is_rich_text_association
         has_rich_text :content
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher_spec.rb
index cc2b203af..c8c1e6fb2 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_secure_token_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 require 'unit_spec_helper'
 
-# rubocop:disable Metrics/BlockLength
 describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord::HaveSecureTokenMatcher,
   type: :model do
-
   if active_record_supports_has_secure_token?
     describe '#description' do
       it 'returns the message including the name of the default column' do
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher_spec.rb
index 07cc1d360..6f90583c3 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/serialize_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
     end
 
     def unserialized_model
-      @model ||= define_model(:example, attr: :string).new
+      @_unserialized_model ||= define_model(:example, attr: :string).new
     end
   end
 
@@ -79,8 +79,11 @@ def with_serialized_attr(type = nil)
 
   def define_serializer(name)
     define_class(name) do
-      def load(*); end
-      def dump(*); end
+      def load(*) # rubocop:disable Lint/NestedMethodDefinition
+      end
+
+      def dump(*) # rubocop:disable Lint/NestedMethodDefinition
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher_spec.rb
index 93a8fa524..7d4247ec3 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/validate_uniqueness_of_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@
           record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
             scopes: [
               build_attribute(name: :scope1),
-              { name: :scope2 }
-            ]
+              { name: :scope2 },
+            ],
           )
           expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(:scope1, :scope2)
         end
 
         it 'still accepts if the scope is unset beforehand' do
           record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
-            scopes: [ build_attribute(name: :scope, value: nil) ]
+            scopes: [build_attribute(name: :scope, value: nil)],
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(:scope)
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
           record = create_record_validating_uniqueness(
             scopes: [
               build_attribute(name: :scope1),
-              { name: :scope2 }
-            ]
+              { name: :scope2 },
+            ],
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(:scope1, :scope2)
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 
         it 'still accepts if the scope is unset beforehand' do
           record = create_record_validating_uniqueness(
-            scopes: [ build_attribute(name: :scope, value: nil) ]
+            scopes: [build_attribute(name: :scope, value: nil)],
           )
 
           expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(:scope)
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
         value2 = next_version_of(value1, value_type)
         value3 = next_version_of(value2, value_type)
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-          scopes: [ build_attribute(name: :scope) ]
+          scopes: [build_attribute(name: :scope)],
         )
         create_record_from(model, scope: value2)
         create_record_from(model, scope: value3)
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           scopes: [
             build_attribute(name: :scope1),
-            build_attribute(name: :scope2)
+            build_attribute(name: :scope2),
           ],
-          additional_attributes: [:other]
+          additional_attributes: [:other],
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           scopes: [
             build_attribute(name: :scope1),
-            build_attribute(name: :scope2)
+            build_attribute(name: :scope2),
           ],
         )
 
@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@
     context 'when a different scope is specified' do
       it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
-          scopes: [ build_attribute(name: :other) ],
-          additional_attributes: [:scope]
+          scopes: [build_attribute(name: :other)],
+          additional_attributes: [:scope],
         )
         assertion = lambda do
           expect(record).
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
     context 'when no scope is specified' do
       it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
-          scopes: [ build_attribute(name: :scope) ]
+          scopes: [build_attribute(name: :scope)],
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
       context 'if the scope attribute is unset in the record given to the matcher' do
         it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
           record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
-            scopes: [ build_attribute(name: :scope, value: nil) ]
+            scopes: [build_attribute(name: :scope, value: nil)],
           )
 
           assertion = lambda do
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
       context 'when there is more than one scope' do
         it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
-            scopes: [ build_attribute(name: :scope) ]
+            scopes: [build_attribute(name: :scope)],
           )
 
           assertion = lambda do
@@ -208,13 +208,13 @@
       context 'when there is more than one scope' do
         it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message (and does not raise an error)' do
           record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
-            scopes: [ build_attribute(name: :scope) ]
+            scopes: [build_attribute(name: :scope)],
           )
 
           assertion = lambda do
             expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(
               :non_existent1,
-              :non_existent2
+              :non_existent2,
             )
           end
 
@@ -265,24 +265,24 @@
               'Example',
               attribute_name => :string,
               scope1: column_type,
-              scope2: column_type
+              scope2: column_type,
             ) do |m|
               m.validates_uniqueness_of(
                 attribute_name,
                 scope: [:scope1],
-                message: 'first message'
+                message: 'first message',
               )
               m.validates_uniqueness_of(
                 attribute_name,
                 scope: [:scope2],
-                message: 'second message'
+                message: 'second message',
               )
             end
 
             model.create!(
               attribute_name => dummy_value_for(:string),
               scope1: dummy_value_for(column_type),
-              scope2: dummy_value_for(column_type)
+              scope2: dummy_value_for(column_type),
             )
 
             expect(model.new).
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@
       attribute_options.deep_merge(
         column_type: column_type,
         value_type: value_type,
-        options: { array: array }
+        options: { array: array },
       )
     end
   end
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
       it 'accepts' do
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           attribute_type: :string,
-          attribute_options: { limit: 1 }
+          attribute_options: { limit: 1 },
         )
 
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@
           it 'can save the subject without the attributes being set' do
             options = {
               attribute_name: :attr,
-              additional_attributes: [:required_attribute]
+              additional_attributes: [:required_attribute],
             }
             model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(options) do |m|
               m.validates_presence_of :attr
@@ -434,8 +434,8 @@
             it 'can save the subject' do
               options = {
                 additional_attributes: [
-                  { name: :required_attribute, options: { null: false } }
-                ]
+                  { name: :required_attribute, options: { null: false } },
+                ],
               }
               model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(options)
               record = model.new
@@ -449,8 +449,8 @@
             it 'raises a useful exception' do
               options = {
                 additional_attributes: [
-                  { name: :required_attribute, options: { null: false } }
-                ]
+                  { name: :required_attribute, options: { null: false } },
+                ],
               }
               model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(options)
 
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@
               end
 
               expect(&assertion).to raise_error(
-                described_class::ExistingRecordInvalid
+                described_class::ExistingRecordInvalid,
               )
             end
           end
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
         context 'and the model has required attributes other than the attribute being validated' do
           it 'can save the subject without the attributes being set' do
             options = {
-              additional_attributes: [:required_attribute]
+              additional_attributes: [:required_attribute],
             }
             model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(options) do |m|
               m.validates_presence_of :required_attribute
@@ -493,8 +493,8 @@
           it 'can save the subject' do
             options = {
               additional_attributes: [
-                { name: :required_attribute, options: { null: false } }
-              ]
+                { name: :required_attribute, options: { null: false } },
+              ],
             }
             model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(options)
 
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@
         context 'and the model has required attributes other than the attribute being validated, set beforehand' do
           it 'can save the subject' do
             options = {
-              additional_attributes: [:required_attribute]
+              additional_attributes: [:required_attribute],
             }
             model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(options) do |m|
               m.validates_presence_of :required_attribute
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@
     context 'when the validation has no scope and a scope is specified' do
       it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-          additional_attributes: [:other]
+          additional_attributes: [:other],
         )
         create_record_from(model)
         record = build_record_from(model)
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@
         it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
           record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
             attribute_value: 'some value',
-            validation_options: { message: 'bad value' }
+            validation_options: { message: 'bad value' },
           )
 
           assertion = lambda do
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@
           it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
             record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
               attribute_value: 'some value',
-              validation_options: { message: 'something else entirely' }
+              validation_options: { message: 'something else entirely' },
             )
 
             assertion = lambda do
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@
         context 'when the given and actual messages match' do
           it 'accepts' do
             record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
-              validation_options: { message: 'bad value' }
+              validation_options: { message: 'bad value' },
             )
             expect(record).
               to validate_uniqueness.
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@
           it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
             record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
               attribute_value: 'some value',
-              validation_options: { message: 'something else entirely' }
+              validation_options: { message: 'something else entirely' },
             )
 
             assertion = lambda do
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@
         context 'when the given and actual messages match' do
           it 'accepts' do
             record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
-              validation_options: { message: 'bad value' }
+              validation_options: { message: 'bad value' },
             )
             expect(record).
               to validate_uniqueness.
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@
           attribute_name: :attr,
           default_value: 'some value',
           changing_values_with: :next_value,
-          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+          expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr is case-sensitively unique, but
 this could not be proved.
   After taking the given Example, whose :attr is ‹"some valuf"›, and
@@ -687,15 +687,15 @@
   yourself, or do something different altogether.
 
           MESSAGE
-        }
-      }
+        },
+      },
     )
 
     it 'fails when used in the negative' do
       assertion = lambda do
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           attribute_type: :string,
-          attribute_options: { limit: 1 }
+          attribute_options: { limit: 1 },
         )
 
         expect(record).not_to validate_uniqueness
@@ -730,8 +730,8 @@
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           scopes: [
             { type: :boolean, name: :scope1, value: true },
-            { type: :boolean, name: :scope2, value: true }
-          ]
+            { type: :boolean, name: :scope2, value: true },
+          ],
         )
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(:scope1, :scope2)
       end
@@ -740,8 +740,8 @@
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           scopes: [
             { type: :boolean, name: :scope1, value: false },
-            { type: :boolean, name: :scope2, value: false }
-          ]
+            { type: :boolean, name: :scope2, value: false },
+          ],
         )
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(:scope1, :scope2)
       end
@@ -750,8 +750,8 @@
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           scopes: [
             { type: :boolean, name: :scope1, value: true },
-            { type: :boolean, name: :scope2, value: false }
-          ]
+            { type: :boolean, name: :scope2, value: false },
+          ],
         )
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(:scope1, :scope2)
       end
@@ -764,7 +764,7 @@
       context 'when one of the scoped attributes is an enum' do
         it 'accepts' do
           record = build_record_validating_scoped_uniqueness_with_enum(
-            enum_scope: :scope
+            enum_scope: :scope,
           )
           expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.scoped_to(:scope)
         end
@@ -774,7 +774,7 @@
             record = build_record_validating_scoped_uniqueness_with_enum(
               enum_scope: :scope1,
               additional_scopes: [:scope2],
-              additional_attributes: [:other]
+              additional_attributes: [:other],
             )
 
             assertion = lambda do
@@ -799,7 +799,7 @@
           it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
             record = build_record_validating_scoped_uniqueness_with_enum(
               enum_scope: :scope1,
-              additional_scopes: [:scope2]
+              additional_scopes: [:scope2],
             )
 
             assertion = lambda do
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@
       end
     end
 
-    context "when an existing record that is not the first has a nil value for the scoped attribute" do
+    context 'when an existing record that is not the first has a nil value for the scoped attribute' do
       # This fails intermittently
       # it 'still works' do
         # model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(scopes: [:scope])
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@
       it 'accepts' do
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           attribute_type: :string,
-          validation_options: { case_sensitive: true }
+          validation_options: { case_sensitive: true },
         )
 
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           attribute_type: :string,
           attribute_value: 'some value',
-          validation_options: { case_sensitive: true }
+          validation_options: { case_sensitive: true },
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@
       it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           attribute_type: :string,
-          validation_options: { case_sensitive: false }
+          validation_options: { case_sensitive: false },
         )
 
         assertion = lambda do
@@ -992,7 +992,7 @@
       it 'accepts' do
         record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(
           attribute_type: :string,
-          validation_options: { case_sensitive: false }
+          validation_options: { case_sensitive: false },
         )
 
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.case_insensitive
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@
             attribute_name: :attr,
             default_value: 'some value',
             changing_values_with: :next_value,
-            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip
+            expected_message: <<-MESSAGE.strip,
 Expected Example to validate that :attr is case-insensitively unique,
 but this could not be proved.
   After taking the given Example, whose :attr is ‹"some valuf"›, and
@@ -1024,8 +1024,8 @@
   of the uniqueness matcher. Otherwise, you may need to write the test
   yourself, or do something different altogether.
             MESSAGE
-          }
-        }
+          },
+        },
       )
 
       def validation_matcher_scenario_args
@@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
     context 'given a new record whose attribute is nil' do
       it 'accepts' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-          validation_options: { allow_nil: true }
+          validation_options: { allow_nil: true },
         )
         record = build_record_from(model, attribute_name => nil)
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.allow_nil
@@ -1052,7 +1052,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
     context 'given an existing record whose attribute is nil' do
       it 'accepts' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-          validation_options: { allow_nil: true }
+          validation_options: { allow_nil: true },
         )
         record = create_record_from(model, attribute_name => nil)
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.allow_nil
@@ -1114,7 +1114,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
     context 'given a new record whose attribute is nil' do
       it 'accepts' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-          validation_options: { allow_blank: true }
+          validation_options: { allow_blank: true },
         )
         record = build_record_from(model, attribute_name => nil)
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.allow_blank
@@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
     context 'given an existing record whose attribute is nil' do
       it 'accepts' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-          validation_options: { allow_blank: true }
+          validation_options: { allow_blank: true },
         )
         record = create_record_from(model, attribute_name => nil)
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.allow_blank
@@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       it 'accepts' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
           attribute_type: :string,
-          validation_options: { allow_blank: true }
+          validation_options: { allow_blank: true },
         )
         record = build_record_from(model, attribute_name => '')
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.allow_blank
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       it 'accepts' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
           attribute_type: :string,
-          validation_options: { allow_blank: true }
+          validation_options: { allow_blank: true },
         )
         record = create_record_from(model, attribute_name => '')
         expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.allow_blank
@@ -1159,13 +1159,9 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
           it 'accepts' do
             model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
               validation_options: { allow_blank: true },
-              additional_attributes: [{ name: :password_digest, type: :string }]
-            ) do |m|
-              m.has_secure_password
-            end
-
+              additional_attributes: [{ name: :password_digest, type: :string }], &:has_secure_password
+            )
             record = build_record_from(model, attribute_name => nil)
-
             expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.allow_blank
           end
         end
@@ -1175,13 +1171,9 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
             model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
               attribute_type: :string,
               validation_options: { allow_blank: true },
-              additional_attributes: [{ name: :password_digest, type: :string }]
-            ) do |m|
-              m.has_secure_password
-            end
-
+              additional_attributes: [{ name: :password_digest, type: :string }], &:has_secure_password
+            )
             record = build_record_from(model, attribute_name => '')
-
             expect(record).to validate_uniqueness.allow_blank
           end
         end
@@ -1241,7 +1233,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
     context 'given a new record whose attribute is empty' do
       it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-          attribute_type: :string
+          attribute_type: :string,
         )
         record = build_record_from(model, attribute_name => '')
 
@@ -1267,7 +1259,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
     context 'given an existing record whose attribute is empty' do
       it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
         model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-          attribute_type: :string
+          attribute_type: :string,
         )
         record = create_record_from(model, attribute_name => '')
 
@@ -1296,7 +1288,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       user_model = define_model 'User'
       favorite_columns = {
         favoriteable_id: { type: :integer, options: { null: false } },
-        favoriteable_type: { type: :string, options: { null: false } }
+        favoriteable_type: { type: :string, options: { null: false } },
       }
       favorite_model = define_model 'Favorite', favorite_columns do
         if respond_to?(:attr_accessible)
@@ -1324,7 +1316,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
         user_model = define_model 'Models::User'
         favorite_columns = {
           favoriteable_id: { type: :integer, options: { null: false } },
-          favoriteable_type: { type: :string, options: { null: false } }
+          favoriteable_type: { type: :string, options: { null: false } },
         }
         favorite_model = define_model 'Models::Favorite', favorite_columns do
           if respond_to?(:attr_accessible)
@@ -1370,7 +1362,7 @@ def configure_validation_matcher(matcher)
       context 'and the matcher is ensuring that the validation is case-sensitive' do
         it 'rejects with an appropriate failure message' do
           model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-            attribute_name: :name
+            attribute_name: :name,
           )
 
           model.class_eval do
@@ -1412,7 +1404,7 @@ def name=(name)
       context 'and the matcher is ignoring case sensitivity' do
         it 'accepts (and not raise an error)' do
           model = define_model_validating_uniqueness(
-            attribute_name: :name
+            attribute_name: :name,
           )
 
           model.class_eval do
@@ -1479,9 +1471,7 @@ def name=(name)
       record = build_record_validating_uniqueness(attribute_type: :boolean)
       running_validation = -> { expect(record).to validate_uniqueness }
       message =
-        'You attempted to assign a value which is not explicitly `true` or ' +
-        '`false`'
-
+        'You attempted to assign a value which is not explicitly `true` or `false`'
       expect(&running_validation).not_to print_warning_including(message)
     end
   end
@@ -1492,7 +1482,7 @@ def default_attribute
     {
       value_type: :string,
       column_type: :string,
-      options: { array: false, null: true }
+      options: { array: false, null: true },
     }
   end
 
@@ -1521,7 +1511,7 @@ def column_options_from(attributes)
     attributes.inject({}) do |options, attribute|
       options[attribute[:name]] = {
         type: attribute[:column_type],
-        options: attribute.fetch(:options, {})
+        options: attribute.fetch(:options, {}),
       }
       options
     end
@@ -1535,7 +1525,7 @@ def attributes_with_values_for(model)
         else
           dummy_value_for(
             attribute[:value_type],
-            array: attribute[:options][:array]
+            array: attribute[:options][:array],
           )
         end
       end
@@ -1548,7 +1538,7 @@ def dummy_value_for(attribute_type, array: false)
 
   def next_version_of(value, value_type)
     if value.is_a?(Array)
-      [ next_version_of(value[0], value_type) ]
+      [next_version_of(value[0], value_type)]
     elsif value_type == :uuid
       SecureRandom.uuid
     elsif value.is_a?(Time)
@@ -1566,9 +1556,7 @@ def build_record_from(model, extra_attributes = {})
   end
 
   def create_record_from(model, extra_attributes = {})
-    build_record_from(model, extra_attributes).tap do |record|
-      record.save!
-    end
+    build_record_from(model, extra_attributes).tap(&:save!)
   end
 
   def define_model_validating_uniqueness(options = {}, &block)
@@ -1579,7 +1567,7 @@ def define_model_validating_uniqueness(options = {}, &block)
       name: attribute_name,
       value_type: attribute_type,
       column_type: attribute_type,
-      options: attribute_options
+      options: attribute_options,
     )
 
     if options.key?(:attribute_value)
@@ -1589,7 +1577,7 @@ def define_model_validating_uniqueness(options = {}, &block)
     scope_attributes = normalize_attributes(options.fetch(:scopes, []))
     scope_attribute_names = scope_attributes.map { |attr| attr[:name] }
     additional_attributes = normalize_attributes(
-      options.fetch(:additional_attributes, [])
+      options.fetch(:additional_attributes, []),
     )
     attributes = [attribute] + scope_attributes + additional_attributes
     validation_options = options.fetch(:validation_options, {})
@@ -1600,12 +1588,10 @@ def define_model_validating_uniqueness(options = {}, &block)
         validation_options.merge(scope: scope_attribute_names)
 
       if m.respond_to?(:attr_accessible)
-        attributes.each do |attr|
-          m.attr_accessible(attr[:name])
-        end
+        attributes.each { |attr| m.attr_accessible(attr[:name]) }
       end
 
-      block.call(m) if block
+      block&.call(m)
     end
 
     model_attributes[model] = attributes
@@ -1621,9 +1607,7 @@ def build_record_validating_uniqueness(options = {}, &block)
     :build_record_validating_uniqueness
 
   def create_record_validating_uniqueness(options = {}, &block)
-    build_record_validating_uniqueness(options, &block).tap do |record|
-      record.save!
-    end
+    build_record_validating_uniqueness(options, &block).tap(&:save!)
   end
   alias_method :existing_record_validating_uniqueness,
     :create_record_validating_uniqueness
@@ -1632,7 +1616,7 @@ def build_record_validating_scoped_uniqueness_with_enum(options = {})
     options = options.dup
     enum_scope_attribute =
       normalize_attribute(options.delete(:enum_scope)).
-      merge(value_type: :integer, column_type: :integer)
+        merge(value_type: :integer, column_type: :integer)
     additional_scopes = options.delete(:additional_scopes) { [] }
     options[:scopes] = [enum_scope_attribute] + additional_scopes
     dummy_enum_values = [:foo, :bar]
@@ -1662,7 +1646,7 @@ def attribute_name
   def validation_matcher_scenario_args
     super.deep_merge(
       matcher_name: :validate_uniqueness_of,
-      model_creator: :"active_record/uniqueness_matcher"
+      model_creator: :"active_record/uniqueness_matcher",
     )
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_collection_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_collection_spec.rb
index 88be260ab..1eef2a092 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_collection_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_collection_spec.rb
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
 
         actual_calls = [
           { args: [:some, :args, :here] },
-          { args: [:some, :args], block: -> { :whatever } }
+          { args: [:some, :args], block: -> { :whatever } },
         ]
         instance = klass.new
         instance.a_method(*actual_calls[0][:args])
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
     def create_class(methods = {})
       Class.new.tap do |klass|
         methods.each do |name, value|
-          klass.__send__(:define_method, name) { |*args| value }
+          klass.__send__(:define_method, name) { |*_args| value }
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_spec.rb
index 815829c6b..295a84a05 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/double_spec.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           build_world,
           :klass,
           :a_method,
-          implementation
+          implementation,
         )
         double.to_return(&sent_block)
         expect(actual_block).to eq sent_block
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           build_world,
           :klass,
           :a_method,
-          implementation
+          implementation,
         )
         double.to_return(:implementation)
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           build_world,
           :klass,
           :a_method,
-          implementation
+          implementation,
         )
         double.to_return(:value, &sent_block)
         expect(actual_block).to eq sent_block
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           build_world,
           klass,
           method_name,
-          implementation
+          implementation,
         )
         args = [:any, :args]
         block = -> {}
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           method_name: method_name,
           args: args,
           block: block,
-          caller: :some_caller
+          caller: :some_caller,
         )
 
         double.activate
@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
       it 'restores the original method after being doubled' do
         klass = create_class(a_method: 42)
         world = build_world(
-          original_method_for: klass.instance_method(:a_method)
+          original_method_for: klass.instance_method(:a_method),
         )
         instance = klass.new
         double = described_class.new(
           world,
           klass,
           :a_method,
-          build_implementation
+          build_implementation,
         )
 
         double.activate
@@ -122,14 +122,14 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
         method_name = :a_method
         klass = create_class(method_name => 42)
         world = build_world(
-          original_method_for: klass.instance_method(:a_method)
+          original_method_for: klass.instance_method(:a_method),
         )
         instance = klass.new
         double = described_class.new(
           world,
           klass,
           :a_method,
-          build_implementation
+          build_implementation,
         )
 
         double.activate
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           build_world,
           klass,
           :a_method,
-          build_implementation
+          build_implementation,
         )
 
         double.deactivate
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           build_world,
           :a_klass,
           :a_method,
-          :an_implementation
+          :an_implementation,
         )
         double.record_call(:some_call)
         expect(double.calls.last).to eq :some_call
@@ -179,20 +179,19 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           method_called = true
         end
         world = build_world(
-          original_method_for: klass.instance_method(method_name)
+          original_method_for: klass.instance_method(method_name),
         )
         instance = klass.new
         call = double('call',
           object: instance,
           method_name: method_name,
           args: expected_args,
-          block: expected_block
-        )
+          block: expected_block,)
         double = described_class.new(
           world,
           klass,
           method_name,
-          :an_implementation
+          :an_implementation,
         )
 
         double.activate
@@ -211,7 +210,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
           world,
           :klass,
           method_name,
-          :an_implementation
+          :an_implementation,
         )
         expect { double.call_original_method(call) }.not_to raise_error
       end
@@ -225,7 +224,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
             world,
             klass,
             method_name,
-            build_implementation
+            build_implementation,
           )
         end
         instance = klass.new
@@ -251,7 +250,7 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
     def create_class(methods = {})
       Class.new.tap do |klass|
         methods.each do |name, value|
-          klass.__send__(:define_method, name) { |*args| value }
+          klass.__send__(:define_method, name) { |*_args| value }
         end
       end
     end
@@ -264,7 +263,7 @@ def build_world(methods = {})
       defaults = {
         original_method_for: nil,
         store_original_method_for: nil,
-        doubles_activated?: nil
+        doubles_activated?: nil,
       }
       double('world', defaults.merge(methods))
     end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/stub_implementation_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/stub_implementation_spec.rb
index 4500b3b8f..e973f7fc7 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/stub_implementation_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/doublespeak/stub_implementation_spec.rb
@@ -41,12 +41,14 @@ module Shoulda::Matchers::Doublespeak
       context 'if the implementation was set as a block' do
         it 'calls the block with the MethodCall object the implementation was called with' do
           double = build_double
-          expected_object, expected_args, expected_block = :object, :args, :block
+          expected_object = :object
+          expected_args = :args
+          expected_block = :block
           call = build_call(
             double: double,
             object: expected_object,
             args: expected_args,
-            block: expected_block
+            block: expected_block,
           )
           actual_object, actual_args, actual_block = []
           implementation = described_class.new
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/independent/delegate_method_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/independent/delegate_method_matcher_spec.rb
index d0106b4c6..0eb0b44e3 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/independent/delegate_method_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/independent/delegate_method_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ def company
         message = [
           'Expected PostOffice to delegate #deliver_mail to the #mailman object.',
           '',
-          'Method calls sent to PostOffice#mailman: (none)'
+          'Method calls sent to PostOffice#mailman: (none)',
         ].join("\n")
 
         expect {
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ def company
         message = [
           'Expected PostOffice to delegate .deliver_mail to the .mailman object.',
           '',
-          'Method calls sent to PostOffice.mailman: (none)'
+          'Method calls sent to PostOffice.mailman: (none)',
         ].join("\n")
 
         expect {
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ def mailman
       define_class('Mailman')
 
       define_class('PostOffice') do
-        def deliver_mail(*args)
+        def deliver_mail(*)
           mailman.deliver_mail('221B Baker St.', hastily: true)
         end
 
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ def mailman
             '',
             'Method calls sent to PostOffice#mailman:',
             '',
-            '1) deliver_mail("221B Baker St.", {:hastily=>true})'
+            '1) deliver_mail("221B Baker St.", {:hastily=>true})',
           ].join("\n")
 
           expect {
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ def mailman
           '',
           'Method calls sent to PostOffice#mailman:',
           '',
-          '1) deliver_mail_and_avoid_dogs()'
+          '1) deliver_mail_and_avoid_dogs()',
         ].join("\n")
 
         expect {
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ def country
           end
 
           person = Person.new
-          expect(person).to delegate_method(:hello). to(:country).with_prefix
+          expect(person).to delegate_method(:hello).to(:country).with_prefix
         end
       end
 
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def country
             'Expected Person to delegate #country_hello to the #country object as',
             '#hello.',
             '',
-            'Method calls sent to Person#country: (none)'
+            'Method calls sent to Person#country: (none)',
           ].join("\n")
 
           person = Person.new
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ def country
             'Expected Person to delegate #country_hello to the #country object as',
             '#hello.',
             '',
-            'Method calls sent to Person#country: (none)'
+            'Method calls sent to Person#country: (none)',
           ].join("\n")
 
           person = Person.new
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ def country
             'Expected Person to delegate #county_hello to the #country object as',
             '#hello.',
             '',
-            'Method calls sent to Person#country: (none)'
+            'Method calls sent to Person#country: (none)',
           ].join("\n")
 
           person = Person.new
@@ -535,7 +535,8 @@ def country
         it 'accepts' do
           define_class('Person') do
             delegate :hello, to: :country, allow_nil: true
-            def country; end
+            def country
+            end
           end
 
           person = Person.new
@@ -548,7 +549,8 @@ def country; end
         it 'rejects with the correct failure message' do
           define_class('Person') do
             delegate :hello, to: :country
-            def country; end
+            def country
+            end
           end
 
           person = Person.new
@@ -578,7 +580,8 @@ def country; end
 
             def_delegators :country, :hello
 
-            def country; end
+            def country
+            end
           end
 
           person = Person.new
@@ -606,10 +609,12 @@ def country; end
       context 'when the delegating method accounts for the delegate object being nil' do
         it 'accepts' do
           define_class('Person') do
-            def country; end
+            def country
+            end
 
             def hello
               return unless country
+
               country.hello
             end
           end
@@ -623,7 +628,8 @@ def hello
       context 'when the delegating method does not account for the delegate object being nil' do
         it 'rejects with the correct failure message' do
           define_class('Person') do
-            def country; end
+            def country
+            end
 
             def hello
               country.hello
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/routing/route_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/routing/route_matcher_spec.rb
index 38f560230..179a4afb9 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/routing/route_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/routing/route_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
           method: :get,
           path: '/',
           controller: 'things',
-          action: 'index'
+          action: 'index',
         )
 
         is_expected.to(matcher)
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
             method: :get,
             path: '/',
             controller: :things,
-            action: 'index'
+            action: 'index',
           )
 
           is_expected.to(matcher)
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap_spec.rb
index 7e9f62aae..ba7b1f620 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap_spec.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'shoulda/matchers/util/word_wrap'
 
-describe Shoulda::Matchers, ".word_wrap" do
-  it "can wrap a simple paragraph" do
+describe Shoulda::Matchers, '.word_wrap' do
+  it 'can wrap a simple paragraph' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean luctus, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat
     MESSAGE
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "does not split words up when wrapping" do
+  it 'does not split words up when wrapping' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean lusciousness, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat
     MESSAGE
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "considers punctuation as part of a word" do
+  it 'considers punctuation as part of a word' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean luscious, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat
     MESSAGE
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "does not break at the maximum line length, but afterward" do
+  it 'does not break at the maximum line length, but afterward' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean luscius, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat
     MESSAGE
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "re-wraps entire paragraphs" do
+  it 're-wraps entire paragraphs' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
 consectetur adipiscing elit.
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "can wrap multiple paragraphs" do
+  it 'can wrap multiple paragraphs' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean luctus, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat, dolor mauris fringilla erat, sed posuere diam ex ut velit.
 
-Etiam ultrices cursus ligula eget feugiat. Vestibulum eget tincidunt risus, non faucibus sem. 
+Etiam ultrices cursus ligula eget feugiat. Vestibulum eget tincidunt risus, non faucibus sem.
     MESSAGE
 
     expect(wrapped_message).to eq(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "can wrap a bulleted list" do
+  it 'can wrap a bulleted list' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 * Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean luctus, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat, dolor mauris fringilla erat, sed posuere diam ex ut velit.
 * And the beat goes on.
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "re-wraps bulleted lists" do
+  it 're-wraps bulleted lists' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 * Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
   consectetur adipiscing elit.
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "can wrap a numbered list" do
+  it 'can wrap a numbered list' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean luctus, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat, dolor mauris fringilla erat, sed posuere diam ex ut velit.
 2. And the beat goes on.
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "re-wraps numbered lists" do
+  it 're-wraps numbered lists' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
    consectetur adipiscing elit.
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "can wrap a numbered list, using x) instead of x. as the leader" do
+  it 'can wrap a numbered list, using x) instead of x. as the leader' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 1) Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean luctus, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat, dolor mauris fringilla erat, sed posuere diam ex ut velit.
 2) And the beat goes on.
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  it "re-wraps numbered lists using x) instead of x. as the leader" do
+  it 're-wraps numbered lists using x) instead of x. as the leader' do
     wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 1) Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
    consectetur adipiscing elit.
@@ -196,9 +196,9 @@
     MESSAGE
   end
 
-  context "given a string with a word longer than the max character limit" do
-    context "which stands on its own" do
-      it "simply returns the string" do
+  context 'given a string with a word longer than the max character limit' do
+    context 'which stands on its own' do
+      it 'simply returns the string' do
         wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Foo bar baz and stuff and things Loremipsumdolorsitamet,consecteturadipiscingelit.Aeneanluctus,ipsumsitametefficiturfeugiat,
         MESSAGE
@@ -210,8 +210,8 @@
       end
     end
 
-    context "which is preceded by some text" do
-      it "leaves the word on its own line" do
+    context 'which is preceded by some text' do
+      it 'leaves the word on its own line' do
         wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Foo bar baz and stuff and things Loremipsumdolorsitamet,consecteturadipiscingelit.Aeneanluctus,ipsumsitametefficiturfeugiat,
         MESSAGE
@@ -223,8 +223,8 @@
       end
     end
 
-    context "which is followed by some text" do
-      it "leaves the word on its own line" do
+    context 'which is followed by some text' do
+      it 'leaves the word on its own line' do
         wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.rstrip)
 Loremipsumdolorsitamet,consecteturadipiscingelit.Aeneanluctus,ipsumsitametefficiturfeugiat, and something goes after this
         MESSAGE
@@ -237,8 +237,8 @@
     end
   end
 
-  context "when :indent is given" do
-    it "uses the given indentation level when determining where to wrap lines" do
+  context 'when :indent is given' do
+    it 'uses the given indentation level when determining where to wrap lines' do
       wrapped_message = described_class.word_wrap(<<-MESSAGE.strip, indent: 2)
 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean luctus, ipsum sit amet efficitur feugiat
       MESSAGE
diff --git a/spec/unit_spec_helper.rb b/spec/unit_spec_helper.rb
index c35178673..18a01c23f 100644
--- a/spec/unit_spec_helper.rb
+++ b/spec/unit_spec_helper.rb
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 $VERBOSE = true
 
-Dir[ File.join(File.expand_path('../support/unit/**/*.rb', __FILE__)) ].sort.each do |file|
+Dir[File.join(File.expand_path('support/unit/**/*.rb', __dir__))].sort.each do |file|
   require file
 end
 
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@
   config.include UnitTests::Matchers
 
   config.infer_spec_type_from_file_location!
-  config.example_status_persistence_file_path = "spec/examples.txt"
-  config.alias_it_behaves_like_to(:it_supports, "it supports")
+  config.example_status_persistence_file_path = 'spec/examples.txt'
+  config.alias_it_behaves_like_to(:it_supports, 'it supports')
 
   config.before(:all, type: :controller) do
     self.class.controller(ApplicationController) { }
diff --git a/tasks/documentation.rb b/tasks/documentation.rb
index 3abb38a71..9a6405c45 100644
--- a/tasks/documentation.rb
+++ b/tasks/documentation.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module Matchers
     module DocumentationTasks
       extend Rake::DSL
 
-      def self.create
+      def self.create # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
         publisher = DocumentationPublisher.new
 
         namespace :docs do
@@ -14,30 +14,35 @@ def self.create
             publisher.create_reference_to_gh_pages_branch
           end
 
-          file DocumentationPublisher.docs_dir => DocumentationPublisher.gh_pages_dir
+          file DocumentationPublisher.docs_dir =>
+            DocumentationPublisher.gh_pages_dir
 
-          task :setup => DocumentationPublisher.docs_dir do
+          task setup: DocumentationPublisher.docs_dir do
             publisher.reset_repo_directory
           end
 
           desc 'Generate docs for a particular version'
-          task :generate, [:version, :latest_version] => :setup do |t, args|
+          task :generate, [:version, :latest_version] => :setup do |_t, args|
             unless args.version
-              raise ArgumentError, "Missing version"
+              raise ArgumentError, 'Missing version'
             end
 
             unless args.latest_version
-              raise ArgumentError, "Missing latest_version"
+              raise ArgumentError, 'Missing latest_version'
             end
 
-            publisher.generate_docs_for(args.version, latest_version: args.latest_version)
+            publisher.generate_docs_for(
+              args.version,
+              latest_version: args.latest_version,
+            )
           end
 
-          desc 'Watch source files for this project for changes and autogenerate docs accordingly'
+          desc 'Watch source files for this project for changes and'\
+            ' autogenerate docs accordingly'
           task :autogenerate do
             require 'fssm'
 
-            project_directory = File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/..")
+            project_directory = File.expand_path("#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/..")
 
             regenerate_docs = proc do
               print 'Regenerating docs... '
@@ -54,7 +59,8 @@ def self.create
 
             FSSM.monitor do
               path project_directory do
-                glob '{README.md,CHANGELOG.md,.yardopts,docs/**/*.md,doc_config/yard/**/*.{rb,js,css,erb},lib/**/*.rb}'
+                glob '{README.md,CHANGELOG.md,.yardopts,docs/**/*.md,'\
+                  'doc_config/yard/**/*.{rb,js,css,erb},lib/**/*.rb}'
                 create(&regenerate_docs)
                 update(&regenerate_docs)
               end
@@ -62,21 +68,28 @@ def self.create
           end
 
           desc 'Generate docs for a particular version and push them to GitHub'
-          task :publish, [:version, :latest_version] => :setup do |t, args|
+          task :publish, [:version, :latest_version] => :setup do |_t, args|
             unless args.version
-              raise ArgumentError, "Missing version"
+              raise ArgumentError, 'Missing version'
             end
 
             unless args.latest_version
-              raise ArgumentError, "Missing latest_version"
+              raise ArgumentError, 'Missing latest_version'
             end
 
-            publisher.generate_docs_for(args.version, latest_version: args.latest_version)
-            publisher.publish_docs_for(args.version, latest_version: args.latest_version)
+            publisher.generate_docs_for(
+              args.version,
+              latest_version: args.latest_version,
+            )
+            publisher.publish_docs_for(
+              args.version,
+              latest_version: args.latest_version,
+            )
           end
 
-          desc "Generate docs for version #{DocumentationPublisher.current_version} and push them to GitHub"
-          task :publish_latest => :setup do
+          desc 'Generate docs for version'\
+            " #{DocumentationPublisher.current_version} and push them to GitHub"
+          task publish_latest: :setup do
             publisher.publish_latest_version
           end
         end
@@ -85,10 +98,10 @@ def self.create
 
     class DocumentationPublisher
       CURRENT_VERSION = Shoulda::Matchers::VERSION
-      GITHUB_USERNAME = 'thoughtbot'
+      GITHUB_USERNAME = 'thoughtbot'.freeze
       # GITHUB_USERNAME = 'mcmire'
-      GH_PAGES_DIR = ".#{GITHUB_USERNAME}-gh-pages"
-      DOCS_DIR = "#{GH_PAGES_DIR}/docs"
+      GH_PAGES_DIR = ".#{GITHUB_USERNAME}-gh-pages".freeze
+      DOCS_DIR = "#{GH_PAGES_DIR}/docs".freeze
 
       def self.current_version
         CURRENT_VERSION
@@ -103,7 +116,8 @@ def self.docs_dir
       end
 
       def create_reference_to_gh_pages_branch
-        system "git clone git@github.com:#{GITHUB_USERNAME}/shoulda-matchers.git #{GH_PAGES_DIR} --branch gh-pages"
+        system "git clone git@github.com:#{GITHUB_USERNAME}"\
+          "/shoulda-matchers.git #{GH_PAGES_DIR} --branch gh-pages"
       end
 
       def reset_repo_directory
@@ -126,11 +140,13 @@ def generate_docs_for(version, options = {})
         end
 
         if options[:latest_version]
-          generate_file_that_redirects_to_latest_version(options[:latest_version])
+          generate_file_that_redirects_to_latest_version(
+            options[:latest_version],
+          )
         end
       end
 
-      def publish_docs_for(version, options = {})
+      def publish_docs_for(version, _options = {})
         message = build_commit_message(version)
 
         within_gh_pages_dir do
@@ -158,7 +174,10 @@ def add_version_to_index_page_for(ref, version)
         within_docs_dir do
           filename = "#{ref}/index.html"
           content = File.read(filename)
-          content.sub!(%r{<h1>shoulda-matchers.+</h1>}, "<h1>shoulda-matchers (#{version})</h1>")
+          content.sub!(
+            %r{<h1>shoulda-matchers.+</h1>},
+            "<h1>shoulda-matchers (#{version})</h1>",
+          )
           File.open(filename, 'w') {|f| f.write(content) }
         end
       end
@@ -177,7 +196,7 @@ def generate_file_that_redirects_to_latest_version(version)
 
       def determine_ref_from(version)
         if version =~ /^\d+\.\d+\.\d+/
-          'v' + version
+          "v#{version}"
         else
           version
         end