diff --git a/interface/vulkan/pipeline/DeferredLightRenderer.cppm b/interface/vulkan/pipeline/DeferredLightRenderer.cppm
index 3823748..74af2e8 100644
--- a/interface/vulkan/pipeline/DeferredLightRenderer.cppm
+++ b/interface/vulkan/pipeline/DeferredLightRenderer.cppm
@@ -31,10 +31,34 @@ namespace vk_deferred::vulkan::inline pipeline {
                 }),
             } },
             pipeline { device, nullptr, vku::getDefaultGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo(
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+                // TODO: due to the MSVC C++20 module bug, vku::createPipelineStages not works well. Use it instead when fixed.
+                vku::unsafeProxy({
+                    vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo {
+                        {},
+                        vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex,
+                        *vk::raii::ShaderModule { device, vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo { 
+                            {}, 
+                            vku::unsafeProxy(vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/light_volume.vert.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex }.code),
+                        } },
+                        "main",
+                    },
+                    vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo {
+                        {},
+                        vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment,
+                        *vk::raii::ShaderModule { device, vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo { 
+                            {}, 
+                            vku::unsafeProxy(vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/deferred_lighting.frag.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment }.code),
+                        } },
+                        "main",
+                    },
+                }),
+#else
                 createPipelineStages(
                     device,
                     vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/light_volume.vert.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex },
                     vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/deferred_lighting.frag.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment }).get(),
+#endif
                 *pipelineLayout, 1, true)
                 .setPVertexInputState(vku::unsafeAddress(vk::PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo {
                     {},
diff --git a/interface/vulkan/pipeline/GBufferRenderer.cppm b/interface/vulkan/pipeline/GBufferRenderer.cppm
index 6087b7e..78bdcc7 100644
--- a/interface/vulkan/pipeline/GBufferRenderer.cppm
+++ b/interface/vulkan/pipeline/GBufferRenderer.cppm
@@ -28,10 +28,34 @@ namespace vk_deferred::vulkan::inline pipeline {
                 }),
             } },
             pipeline { device, nullptr, vku::getDefaultGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo(
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+                // TODO: due to the MSVC C++20 module bug, vku::createPipelineStages not works well. Use it instead when fixed.
+                vku::unsafeProxy({
+                    vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo {
+                        {},
+                        vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex,
+                        *vk::raii::ShaderModule { device, vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo {
+                            {},
+                            vku::unsafeProxy(vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/pn_instanced.vert.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex }.code),
+                        } },
+                        "main",
+                    },
+                    vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo {
+                        {},
+                        vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment,
+                        *vk::raii::ShaderModule { device, vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo {
+                            {},
+                            vku::unsafeProxy(vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/gbuffer.frag.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment }.code),
+                        } },
+                        "main",
+                    },
+                }),
+#else
                 createPipelineStages(
                     device,
                     vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/pn_instanced.vert.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex },
                     vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/gbuffer.frag.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment }).get(),
+#endif
                 *pipelineLayout, 2, true)
                 .setPVertexInputState(vku::unsafeAddress(vk::PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo {
                     {},
diff --git a/interface/vulkan/pipeline/ToneMappingRenderer.cppm b/interface/vulkan/pipeline/ToneMappingRenderer.cppm
index 1760036..34854c3 100644
--- a/interface/vulkan/pipeline/ToneMappingRenderer.cppm
+++ b/interface/vulkan/pipeline/ToneMappingRenderer.cppm
@@ -22,10 +22,34 @@ namespace vk_deferred::vulkan::inline pipeline {
                 vku::unsafeProxy(*descriptorSetLayout),
             } },
             pipeline { device, nullptr, vku::getDefaultGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo(
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+                // TODO: due to the MSVC C++20 module bug, vku::createPipelineStages not works well. Use it instead when fixed.
+                vku::unsafeProxy({
+                    vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo {
+                        {},
+                        vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex,
+                        *vk::raii::ShaderModule { device, vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo {
+                            {},
+                            vku::unsafeProxy(vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/full_triangle.vert.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex }.code),
+                        } },
+                        "main",
+                    },
+                    vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo {
+                        {},
+                        vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment,
+                        *vk::raii::ShaderModule { device, vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo {
+                            {},
+                            vku::unsafeProxy(vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/rec709.frag.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment }.code),
+                        } },
+                        "main",
+                    },
+                }),
+#else
                 createPipelineStages(
                     device,
                     vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/full_triangle.vert.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex },
                     vku::Shader { COMPILED_SHADER_DIR "/rec709.frag.spv", vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment }).get(),
+#endif
                 *pipelineLayout, 1)
                 .setRenderPass(*renderPass)
                 .setSubpass(2)